翻转课堂在高空气象探测教学中的应用初探

翻转课堂是信息化时代思维创新教学的产物,它将互联网的开放、共享、自由等特征与教育教学的本质规律有机结合。通过翻转课堂教学模式在高空气象探测教学中的应用,能将教师课堂教学、学生课外学习和师生交流互动相结合,有效激发学生的学习积极性和主动性,同时也提高教学效果。     

教学目标设计理论及模式功能

介绍了教学目标系统设计理论的流派,通过比较具有代表性的两种分类理论,阐述了目标系统设计的结构及模式功能。     

论普通高校课堂教学模式改革与创新人才培养

培养造就高素质创造性人才,是21世纪高等教育改革发展的必然要求。高等教育如何培养学生的创新精神和创新能力,取决于多方面的因素,需要用新世纪的教育思想和教育观念去指导改革、指导实践;需要从改革传统教学模式入手,创设和选择有利于学生思维和能力培养、促进学生全面发展的新型课堂教学模式。     

谈化学教学中问题的设计与创造性思维能力的培养

素质教育呼唤培养有创造力的学生，培养创造性思维的主阵地在课堂,合理有效的课堂教学问题设计对学生的创造性思维能力培养至关重要。     

The differential effects of prior knowledge on learning: A study of two consecutive courses in earth sciences

We studied the occurrence and nature of learningin a university first year Introduction toGeomorphology course, and its relations with priorknowledge taught in a prerequisite course, and withthe prior knowledge in the to be learned subjects. Tendimensions of knowledge were tapped before and afterthe course by conventional and cognitive structuremeasures that were derived by the concept mappingmethodology. The fine-grain analysis of learningoutcomes yielded the following results: (a) studentsacquired only a small portion of the content in thecourse Introduction to Geomorphology, (b) the priorgeological and geomorphological knowledge did notaffect the learning of the new geomorphologicalcontents, (c) the minor effects appeared within ratherthan across knowledge dimensions, and they affectedmainly the learning of smaller knowledge units, and(d) concept definition cannot be considereda valid probe of knowledge. The differential effects of prior knowledge question thecentral, global and undifferentiated role that schematheories ascribe to prior knowledge in futurelearning. They call for greater reference to theexposed dimensions of knowledge by suggestingadditional factors to be considered in the sequencingof courses, as well as to the acquisition of complexknowledge with partial meaning of the basic knowledgeunits, and the use of new cognitive structure probesof knowledge.     

基于3D打印技术的教学翻转课堂模式在留学生骨科教学中的应用

目的:探讨基于3D打印技术的教学翻转课堂模式在留学生骨科临床教学中的应用。方法:对比留学生在骨科临床学习过程中,分别利用基于3D打印模型的教学翻转课堂模式及传统课堂模型教学,通过闭卷考试和问卷调查的方式评价教学效果及课堂满意度,并对两组教学效果及课堂满意度进行对比。对比学生的接受与掌握程度,评价基于3D打印技术的教学翻转课堂模式在留学生骨科临床教学中的作用。结果:基于3D打印技术的教学翻转课堂模式组理论测验成绩及满意度明显优于传统教学组(P=0.000),题目数量及测试时间均相等。结论:基于3D打印技术的教学翻转课堂模式有助于留学生直观、高效、准确地学习骨科相关临床诊断知识,是一种值得推荐的教学模式。     

A theory of instruction for introductory programming skills

ABSTRACT

Background and Context: Current introductory instruction fails to identify, structure, and sequence the many skills involved in programming.

Objective: We proposed a theory which identifies four distinct skills that novices learn incrementally. These skills are tracing, writing syntax, comprehending templates (reusable abstractions of programming knowledge), and writing code with templates. We theorized that explicit instruction of these skills decreases cognitive demand.

Method: We conducted an exploratory mixed-methods study and compared students’ exercise completion rates, error rates, ability to explain code, and engagement when learning to program. We compared material that reflects this theory to more traditional material that does not distinguish between skills.

Findings: Teaching skills incrementally resulted in improved completion rate on practice exercises, and decreased error rate and improved understanding of the post-test.

Implications: By structuring programming skills such that they can be taught explicitly and incrementally, we can inform instructional design and improve future research on understanding how novice programmers develop understanding.     

Network analysis and qualitative discourse analysis of a classroom group discussion

ABSTRACT

A new methodology is proposed for qualitative discourse analysis (QDA) aimed at gaining enhanced insights into learning possibilities and indicators that arise during classroom group discussions. The constitution of this new methodology has two principle components: a discourse analysis approach that aims to identify the relationships between content and group dynamics; and a network analysis (NA) approach that uses the same data to identify meaning-related structural dynamics found in the data. The proposed methodology pairs these two components to create a supplementary iterative interchange that facilitates the attainment of greater analytic insights than are achievable by either of the two components individually. The critical aspects of the methodology are illustrated and discussed using real classroom data in ways that provide a procedural exemplar. The strengths and limitations of the proposed methodology are also discussed.     

Effects of different sequences of examples and problems on motivation and learning

Recent research has shown that example study only (EE) and example-problem pairs (EP) were more effective (i.e., higher test performance) and efficient (i.e., attained with less effort invested in learning and/or test tasks) than problem-example pairs (PE) and problem solving only (PP). We conducted two experiments to investigate how different example and problem-solving sequences would affect motivational (i.e., self-efficacy, perceived competence, and topic interest) and cognitive (i.e., effectiveness and efficiency) aspects of learning. In Experiment 1, 124 technical students learned a mathematical task with the help of EEEE, EPEP, PEPE, or PPPP and then completed a posttest. Students in the EEEE Condition showed higher posttest performance, self-efficacy, and perceived competence, attained with less effort investment, than students in the EPEP and PPPP Condition. Surprisingly, there were no differences between the EPEP and PEPE Condition on any of the outcome measures. We hypothesized that, because the tasks were relevant for technical students, starting with a problem might not have negatively affected their motivation. Therefore, we replicated the experiment with a different sample of 81 teacher training students. Experiment 2 showed an efficiency benefit of EEEE over EPEP, PEPE, and PPPP. However, only EEEE resulted in greater posttest performance, self-efficacy, and perceived competence than PPPP. We again did not find any differences between the EPEP and PEPE Condition. These results suggest that, at least when short training phases are used, studying examples (only) is more preferable than problem solving only for learning. Moreover, this study showed that example study (only) also enhances motivational aspects of learning whereas problem solving only does not positively affect students’ motivation at all.     

信息时代农村课堂教学变革:可能、动力与路向

信息技术在农村学校教育场域的广泛与深入应用,增加了农村教育资本,拓展了农村教育教学资源,重构了农村儿童学习空间,从而使信息时代的农村课堂教学变革得以可能。在信息时代,农村课堂教学变革需要相应的动力机制,并着力践行全面提升农村中小学教师的信息化素养,构建互联互通的农村教学资源开发管理机制,构建多方合力共办的技术支持体系等三大实践路向。