Discoverability of information on clinical trial data-sharing platforms

Objective:This study was intended to (1) provide clinical trial data-sharing platform designers with insight into users'' experiences when attempting to evaluate and access datasets, (2) spark conversations about improving the transparency and discoverability of clinical trial data, and (3) provide a partial view of the current information-sharing landscape for clinical trials.Methods:We evaluated preview information provided for 10 datasets in each of 7 clinical trial data-sharing platforms between February and April 2019. Specifically, we evaluated the platforms in terms of the extent to which we found (1) preview information about the dataset, (2) trial information on ClinicalTrials.gov and other external websites, and (3) evidence of the existence of trial protocols and data dictionaries.Results:All seven platforms provided data previews. Three platforms provided information on data file format (e.g., CSV, SAS file). Three allowed batch downloads of datasets (i.e., downloading multiple datasets with a single request), whereas four required separate requests for each dataset. All but one platform linked to ClinicalTrials.gov records, but only one platform had ClinicalTrails.gov records that linked back to the platform. Three platforms consistently linked to external websites and primary publications. Four platforms provided evidence of the presence of a protocol, and six platforms provided evidence of the presence of data dictionaries.Conclusions:More work is needed to improve the discoverability, transparency, and utility of information on clinical trial data-sharing platforms. Increasing the amount of dataset preview information available to users could considerably improve the discoverability and utility of clinical trial data.     

286株鲍曼不动杆菌临床分布及耐药性分析

目的 监测鲍曼不动杆菌临床分布特点及耐药性,为临床鲍曼不动杆菌导致的感染性疾病诊断与合理用药提供理论依据.方法 对2012年1至12月襄阳市第一人民医院门诊及住院部送检标本进行常规细菌分离培养和鉴定,并按照NCCLS标准用K-B法对分离的病原菌进行药物敏感试验,统计分析鲍曼不动杆菌临床分布及耐药性.结果 鲍曼不动杆菌在送检标本中主要来源于痰液（80.07％）,其次是尿液（8.04％）、脓汁（5.24％）等;其耐药性严重,耐药率最低的抗菌药物是亚胺培南,也高达49.30％,对阿米卡星、哌拉西林等其余14种抗菌药物耐药性均大于60.00％.结论 鲍曼不动杆菌分离以痰液标本为主,临床上主要引起呼吸道感染;其耐药性严重,应根据药敏试验结果合理选择抗菌药物.     

《世界贸易组织》在国贸专业本科教学中的定位——以学生专业素养的培养为视域

国贸专业毕业生只有少数从事国贸相关工作,这与学生缺乏专业素养有较大关系。基于国贸专业的培养目标,《世界贸易组织》是塑造学生专业素养绝好中观层面的课程。然而,高校将本课程作为专业核心课或专业必修课的少之又少。为此,有必要在国贸专业本科教学中重视该课程,将其定位为专业必修课,这是通向更高层次的复合型人才培养的必由之路。     

Self‐Compassion Among College Counseling Center Clients: An Examination of Clinical Norms and Group Differences

There has been growing interest in the mental health benefits of self‐compassion. This study was designed to establish norms on the Self‐Compassion Scale–Short Form, a popular measure of self‐compassion for individuals seeking counseling, and to examine group differences in self‐compassion based on gender, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, previous counseling, and psychiatric medication use. Data for this study were collected through the Center for Collegiate Mental Health, a practice‐research network of more than 240 college and university counseling centers.     

Anatomy integration blueprint: A fourth‐year musculoskeletal anatomy elective model

Current undergraduate medical school curricular trends focus on both vertical integration of clinical knowledge into the traditionally basic science‐dedicated curricula and increasing basic science education in the clinical years. This latter type of integration is more difficult and less reported on than the former. Here, we present an outline of a course wherein the primary learning and teaching objective is to integrate basic science anatomy knowledge with clinical education. The course was developed through collaboration by a multi‐specialist course development team (composed of both basic scientists and physicians) and was founded in current adult learning theories. The course was designed to be widely applicable to multiple future specialties, using current published reports regarding the topics and clinical care areas relying heavily on anatomical knowledge regardless of specialist focus. To this end, the course focuses on the role of anatomy in the diagnosis and treatment of frequently encountered musculoskeletal conditions. Our iterative implementation and action research approach to this course development has yielded a curricular template for anatomy integration into clinical years. Key components for successful implementation of these types of courses, including content topic sequence, the faculty development team, learning approaches, and hidden curricula, were developed. We also report preliminary feedback from course stakeholders and lessons learned through the process. The purpose of this report is to enhance the current literature regarding basic science integration in the clinical years of medical school. Anat Sci Educ 7: 379–388. © 2014 American Association of Anatomists.     

Determination of clinically relevant content for a musculoskeletal anatomy curriculum for physical medicine and rehabilitation residents

To address the need for more clinical anatomy training in residency education, many postgraduate programs have implemented structured anatomy courses into their curriculum. Consensus often does not exist on specific content and level of detail of the content that should be included in such curricula. This article describes the use of the Delphi method to identify clinically relevant content to incorporate in a musculoskeletal anatomy curriculum for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PM&R) residents. A two round modified Delphi involving PM&R experts was used to establish the curricular content. The anatomical structures and clinical conditions presented to the expert group were compiled using multiple sources: clinical musculoskeletal anatomy cases from the PM&R residency program at the University of Toronto; consultation with PM&R experts; and textbooks. In each round, experts rated the importance of each curricular item to PM&R residency education using a five‐point Likert scale. Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) was used to determine consensus at the end of each round and agreement scores were used as an outcome measure to determine the content to include in the curriculum. The overall internal consistency in both rounds was 0.99. A total of 37 physiatrists from across Canada participated and the overall response rate over two rounds was 97%. The initial curricular list consisted of 361 items. After the second iteration, the list was reduced by 44%. By using a national consensus method we were able to objectively determine the relevant anatomical structures and clinical musculoskeletal conditions important in daily PM&R practice. Anat Sci Educ 7: 135–143. © 2013 American Association of Anatomists.     

心理学专业大学生的认知方式与共情能力研究——以高等医学类院校为例

采用EFT(镶嵌图形测验)和《大学生共情能力问卷》作为测量工具,探讨医类院校应用心理学专业大学生的认知方式与共情能力及其两者之间的关系。研究结果表明:独生子女的场独立性、共情自我识别显著高于非独生子女,中医心理专业学生的反向理解、负向应对高于医大学生,大三学生的他人情绪识别、一致性理解及总的共情能力高于大二学生;场独立者的他人情绪识别、一致性理解和正向应对及总的共情能力显著高于场依存者;认知方式与共情能力之间存在显著正相关,认知方式对共情能力具有显著的预测作用。     

加强体育专业大学生人文素质教育的探讨

分析目前体育专业大学生人文素质的现状及成因,提出了加强体育专业大学生人文素质教育的途径和方法,为高校体育专业的教学改革、课程设置等提供一些参考.     

PBL法在临床护理学教学中的应用与思考

目的:观察以问题为基础学习法(PBL)对学生掌握知识体系的作用.方法:随机整群抽样设具有可比性的PBL施教组(61人)和PBL对照组(63人),PBL施教组的临床护理学教学自循环系统疾病护理开始应用PBL法,其他的均与对照组相同,采用传统的课堂讲授法,然后两组同样进行临床护理学理论知识考试,进行实验前后的比较.结果:前阶段两组考试成绩的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而后阶段两组考试成绩的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:PBL法有利于学生系统掌握理论知识.     

田径运动技术特性浅析

田径运动技术是人们为达到体现体能（即跑得快，跳得高，掷得远）的特殊目的而采用的特殊方法。其本身必然存在着特殊的属性。全面了解、认识这些特殊属性，对我们学习、掌握和合理地运用田径运动技术有着非常重要的意义。