竞合、组织双元性与联盟企业知识生成策略

进行内部知识创造和从合作伙伴处获取新知识是联盟企业知识生成(knowledge generation)的两种基本策略。以知识基础理论和交易成本经济学为基础,探讨伙伴间竞合对联盟企业知识生成策略选择的影响,以及联盟企业的组织双元性(探索与应用)对上述关系的调节作用。基于国内205家联盟企业双份数据的实证分析结果表明,组织双元性对竞合与联盟企业知识生成策略之间的关系有着不同的影响。具体来说,相比较探索而言,应用活动能更加有效地促进联盟企业利用竞合关系以获取更多的伙伴知识;但无论联盟企业更倾向于探索还是应用活动,均不影响竞合对企业内部知识创造的促进作用。研究结论为联盟企业有效选择知识生成策略提供了理论和实践指导。     

《聊斋志异》中的动物形象分析

蒲松龄在《聊斋志异》中创作了许多以动物为题材的作品,其中有些作品是在以往类似作品的基础上深化拓展,融入作者自己的思想意愿.这些以动物为题材的作品塑造了大量知恩图报、有情有义、智慧敏捷的动物形象,同时他的笔下也出现了少数作恶害人的动物形象.这些或善或恶的动物形象集中体现了蒲松龄对自身、对社会现实人生的悲叹.     

Revealing the research ‘hole’ of early childhood education for sustainability: a preliminary survey of the literature

In 2007, Environmental Education Research dedicated a special issue to childhood and environmental education. This paper makes a case for ‘early childhood’ to also be in the discussions. Here, I am referring to early childhood as the before‐school years, focusing on educational settings such as childcare centres and kindergartens. This sector is one of the research ‘holes’ that Reid and Scott ask the environmental education community to have the ‘courage to discuss’. This paper draws on a survey of Australian and international research journals in environmental education and early childhood education seeking studies at their intersection. Few were found. Some studies explored young children’s relationships with nature (education in the environment). A smaller number discussed young children’s understandings of environmental topics (education about the environment). Hardly any centred on young children as agents of change (education for the environment). At a time when there is a growing literature showing that early investments in human capital offer substantial returns to individuals and communities and have a far‐reaching effect – and when early childhood educators are beginning to engage with sustainability – it is vital that our field responds. This paper calls for urgent action – especially for research – to address the gap.     

The heart of pedagogy: on poetic knowing and living

In this essay I offer a series of autobiographical ruminations and poems for inviting readers to reflect on poetic possibilities for conceiving and fostering the well‐being of teachers. As an educator, I am confronted daily with challenges. In order to sustain my spirit and energy, I turn to poetry, both reading and writing poetry, and I find in poetry a location of wisdom, sustenance and hope. One of my great concerns about teaching is that the demands are so relentless that even the most dedicated teachers often experience burnout, dissatisfaction, ennui, hopelessness and despair. Therefore, I claim that teachers, both beginning and experienced, should learn to know themselves as poets in order to foster living creatively in the pedagogic contexts of classrooms and the larger pedagogic contexts outside classrooms. I invite both new and experienced teachers to consider the significance of a phrase like ‘living poetically’. I seek to contextualize the more practical and pragmatic considerations of teaching in an understanding of pedagogy as a poetic, emotional, personal, spiritual commitment and experience. My claim is simply that transformative learning can be effectively promoted by giving attention to poetry and poetic knowing and poetic living. I am learning to live poetically, and I am learning that the heart of pedagogy is revitalized and sustained by poetic knowing, being and becoming. Poetry engages us with language, nurtures the inner life, acknowledges the particular and local, encourages us to listen to our hearts, fosters flexibility and trust, and invites creativity and creative living.     

第三代中央领导集体教育改革思想及其特点

党的十三届四中全会以来,特别是20世纪90年代中期以来,以江泽民为核心的中共第三代中央领导集体,面对知识经济时代激烈的国际竞争,在教育改革的实践中深刻总结我国教育改革和发展的经验,不断开拓创新,对我国教育改革和发展作了系统而深刻的阐述,构成了独具中国特色和鲜明时代特征的教育改革理论,极大地丰富和发展了马克思主义教育思想和邓小平教育理论。     

The role of educational developers in the expansion of educational technology

This paper explores how academic staff are supported in attempts to develop their use of educational technologies. It identifies the work undertaken by academic staff in the development of an Information and Communications Technology (ICT) application and relates this to the direct support (helping staff to teach using ICT) and professional development opportunities (helping staff to develop their skills) available to them. These broad areas of support are seen as a continuum, with varying proportions of direct support and professional development available in different circumstances. The paper concludes that increasing use and expectations of ICT to support student learning in traditional universities are leading to a greater need for team‐based approaches to support learners, and the issues that this change raises are explored.     

Disciplinary and gender differences among higher education students in self‐regulated learning strategies

This study explores how university students representing diverse disciplines and gender differ in their self‐regulation in learning. The definition of self‐regulated learning (SRL) in the present study is based on Pintrich’s and Zimmerman’s theories of SRL and comprises motivational and learning strategies. The sample consisted of 1248 undergraduate students at several Finnish universities. The data were retrieved from the IQ Learn online self‐assessment and tutoring system. Female students scored moderately higher than male students on help‐seeking strategies, utility value and on performance anxiety. Among the diverse disciplines, minor mean differences emerged on all the sub‐dimensions of SRL, though no clear regularity on any discipline’s favour was perceived. However, male and female students of behavioural sciences and female students of sciences scored highest consistently, and the technology students, especially the male students, scored lowest. In the future, the relations between the students’ self‐regulation in learning and instructional approach should be studied further.     

一种有效构造辅助函数的方法

通过积分的方法，合理的构造辅助函数并应用到微分学基本定理的证明中，以及利用这种方法来解决一些具体的问题，使解决的方法变得简捷而方便。     

基于文化内涵的古镇空间意象营造——以福建永泰嵩口古镇为例

以嵩口古镇空间意象为对象,分析古镇空间所蕴含的耕读文化、商业文化和山水文化内涵,进而提出深化文化内涵的古镇空间意象营造策略,即:从物质空间、社会空间和心理空间3个方面来营造古镇空间意象,以达到古镇形与神的和谐统一.     

The influence of intercultural communication apprehension and socio‐communicative orientation on uncertainty reduction during initial cross‐cultural interaction

This study is an investigation of the influence of intercultural communication apprehension, socio‐communicative orientation, and uncertainty during initial cross‐cultural communication. Prior to interacting with unknown partners from another culture, participants completed measures of intercultural communication apprehension and socio‐communicative orientation. After interacting with their partners, participants completed measures of uncertainty. As predicted, intercultural communication apprehension was positively associated with uncertainty. Also as predicted intercultural communication apprehension was negatively correlated with socio‐communicative orientation. A third hypothesis, which was partially supported, posited that socio‐communicative orientation would be negatively correlated with uncertainty.