“P53 Codon 72 Single Base Substitution in Viral Hepatitis C and Hepatocarcinoma Incidences”

Viral infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) has a high propensity in becoming chronic and it is the major cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. This review was basically established to illustrate the putative role of the P53 gene Arg72Pro polymorphism on various cancer models and viral infections, focusing on HCV and HCC incidences. Authors studied the 72 G/C single base substitution of P53 gene at codon 72 using various polymorphic techniques. Intriguingly, authors investigated that the P53 codon 72 plays a crucial role as risk factor in several cancer models. Others found that there is no association between codon 72 genotypes and HCV disease severity or liver cancer. Moreover, the lack of a significant relationship between this polymorphism and risk of HCC shows that it does not predispose towards hepatocarcinogenesis and the frequent loss of the proline allele in HCV-associated carcinogenesis of the liver plays some critical role in hepatocarcinogenesis. Amazingly, there is a significant correlation between male homozygotes for P53 72Pro with HCV type 1b infection. However, there was no significant difference between the P53 polymorphism and HCV genotypes 2a and 2b. It was concluded that the P53 gene polymorphism at codon 72 has been investigated as potential risk factor in several cancer models and HCV infections.     

大学生的阅读需求与馆藏建设

通过对上海电机学院图书馆2011年图书流通清单数据的挖掘和分析,提出了大学生阅读需求的主分量分析与提取方法.比较了常用的“使用效率”和新建议的“加权使用效率”提取大学生阅读需求主分量方法的结果,认为该方法是提取大学生阅读需求主分量的更好方法.根据本科生阅读需求,提出一种改善馆藏结构以适应该需求的方法.     

网络知识社区服务中的用户持续使用行为影响分析

社会网络服务的发展使得网络知识社区日渐成熟和普及,随着网络知识社区服务的发展和用户数量的累积,用户的持续使用行为已成为人们日益关注的问题。本文从网络知识社区用户行为引发机制出发,构建了基于三维结构的网络知识社区用户行为引发模型,通过实证调查分析用户持续使用行为的影响因素,并对网络知识社区服务提出优化建议,希望能对网络知识社区的发展提供有益参考。     

核心情态动词在法律英语中的使用及翻译研究

基于《美国宪法》及其27条修正案、《中华人民共和国宪法》英汉对照版本为语料,利用WindowsWord中的查找与定位功能,对比分析两个文本中核心情态动词的使用及分布特点,并对其中最为主要的几个核心情态动词的翻译进行了分析,分析显示,情态动词在《美国宪法》和《中华人民共和国宪法》的使用呈相同规律,但亦存在细微差异。     

技术进步对中国火力发电部门要素偏向与能源强度的影响

在碳达峰、碳中和的背景下,中国电力部门的碳减排一方面依赖于能源结构的优化,另一方面也需要火力发电部门能源强度的降低。本文基于中国火力发电企业层面数据,在超越对数成本函数的框架中纳入企业研发投入、外商直接投资、环境规制3种技术进步来源,采用似不相关回归法估计成本函数系数,进而估算要素替代弹性,分析不同来源技术进步对要素投入及能源强度的影响,讨论技术进步的要素偏向性。研究结论发现：①企业研发投入、外商直接投资的技术溢出效应带来显著的中性技术进步和要素节约,均对能源强度下降有显著贡献;相较于东部企业和大型企业,中西部企业、小型企业的技术进步效应较弱。②环境规制主要通过设备更新等直接效应实现能源偏向性技术进步,而通过企业研发投入的间接机制实现技术进步的影响并不显著。因此,有必要通过促进创新成果推广应用、建设区域间企业交流合作平台、完善环境规制政策组合等措施,激励不同来源技术进步对中国火力发电行业能源要素节约、能源强度下降的作用。     

运动水平和特质焦虑水平对 负性词注意偏向的影响

运用文献资料法、实验法和数理统计法,探讨运动水平、特质焦虑水平对个体负性词注意偏向的影响。依据特质焦虑和运动水平,将受试者分为4组,每组10人,运用2（运动水平）× 2（特质焦虑水平）的多因素组间实验设计方法开展研究。研究结果表明：①高特质焦虑个体存在对负性词的注意偏向,且低运动水平的个体表现更明显;②高特质焦虑个体对负性词存在注意定向偏向和注意固着。以为运动员赛前注意训练提供理论依据。     

核准制下投资者行为偏差和中国IPO抑价实证研究

利用行为金融学中投资者行为偏差的观点,对核准制下中国的IPO抑价进行了实证研究。以实行该制度后到股权分置改革前发行并上市的股票为样本,使用Newey—West提出的异方差和自相关一致协方差回归方法,对影响IPO抑价的行为偏差因素进行了实证分析,得出投资者行为偏差是引起中国IPO抑价的结论。     

技术评价偏差及其控制研究

本文讨论技术评价偏差产生的根源、偏差的类型及如何对偏差进行控制的问题。评价偏差的根源主要是来自于评价主体、评价客体及外界因素,偏差类型则根据偏差产生的不同时点分成评价前偏差和评价过程偏差两类。本文提出的评价偏差的控制方法主要针对评价主体。     

Forensic child sexual abuse evaluations: assessing subjectivity and bias in professional judgements

Objectives

Evaluators examining the same evidence often arrive at substantially different conclusions in forensic assessments of child sexual abuse (CSA). This study attempts to identify and quantify subjective factors that contribute to such disagreements so that interventions can be devised to improve the reliability of case decisions.

Methods

Participants included 1106 professionals in the field of child maltreatment representing a range of professional positions or job titles and years of experience. Each completed the Child Forensic Attitude Scale (CFAS), a 28-item survey assessing 3 forensic attitudes believed to influence professional judgments about CSA allegations: emphasis-on-sensitivity (i.e., a focus on minimizing false negatives or errors of undercalling abuse); emphasis-on-specificity (i.e., a focus on minimizing false positives or errors of overcalling abuse); and skepticism toward child and adolescent reports of CSA. A subset of 605 professionals also participated in 1 of 3 diverse decision exercises to assess the influence of the 3 forensic attitudes on ratings of case credibility.

Results

Exploratory factor analysis identified 4 factors or attitude subscales that corresponded closely with the original CFAS scales: 2 subscales for emphasis-on-sensitivity and 1 each for emphasis-on-specificity and skepticism. Attitude subscale scores differed significantly by sample source (in-state trainings vs. national conferences), gender, years of experience, and professional position, with Child Protective Service workers unexpectedly more concerned about overcalling abuse and more skeptical of child disclosures than other professionals—a pattern of scores associated with an increased probability of disbelieving CSA allegations. The 3 decision exercises offered validation of the attitude subscales as predictors of professional ratings of case credibility, with adjusted R²s for the three exercises ranging from .06 to .24, suggesting highly variable effect sizes.

Conclusions

Evaluator disagreements about CSA allegations can be explained, in part, by individual differences in 3 attitudes related to forensic decision-making: emphasis-on-sensitivity, emphasis-on-specificity, and skepticism toward child reports of abuse. These attitudes operate as predispositions or biases toward viewing CSA allegations as likely true or likely false. Several strategies for curbing the influence of subjective factors are highlighted including self-awareness of personal biases and team approaches to assessment.     

大学生求职资源动员行为的结构与测量——基于北京高校毕业生的实证研究

本文依据北京13所不同层级高校1341名毕业生的实证调研数据,运用主成分分析法与结构方程模型比较,从资源动员视角分析了大学生求职行为的结构特征.研究发现,大学生求职行为的结构由四因素构成;中国大学生动员所属高校就业资源,是其重要的求职行为特征.