Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery （VATS） for bilateral primary spontaneous pneumothorax

Objective:To review our experience of the treatment of bilateral primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). Materials and methods: Retrospective chart review was followed by an on-clinic or telephone interview. Patients were cared for by one thoracic surgeon in four medical centers or community hospitals in Northern and Central Taiwan. Thirteen patients with bilateral PSP underwent bilateral VATS simultaneously or sequentially from July 1994 to December 2005. Results: Twelve males and one female, with age ranging from 15 to 36 years (mean 23.1 years), were treated with VATS for bilateral PSP, under the indications of bilateral pneumothoracis simultaneously (n=4) or sequentially (n=9). The interval between the first and second contra-lateral VATS procedure for non-simultaneous PSP patients ranged from 7 d to 6 years. Eleven of 13 patients (84.6%) had prominent pulmonary bullae/blebs, and underwent bullae resection with mechanical or chemical pleurodesis. The mean operative time was (45.6±18.3) min (range 25-96 min) and (120.6±28.7) min (range 84-166 min) respectively for the non-simultaneous (second VATS for the recurrence of contralateral side after first VATS) and simultaneous (bilateral VATS in one operation) procedures. There was no postoperative mortality. However, prolonged air leakage (>7 d) occurred in one patient (7.7%) who recovered after conservative treatment. The mean duration of chest tube drainage was 3.1 d and the median follow up period was 3.4 years. Conclusions: VATS is a safe and effective procedure in the treatment of bilateral PSP. Bilateral VATS is only recommended for patients with simultaneously bilateral PSP, because the incidence of recurrence, even with visible bullae, was not so high in my group and in some previous literature. Bilateral VATS in a supine position should only be used in selective cases, because of possible pleural adhesion or hidden bullae on the posterior side.     

日语学习者学习策略研究

日语教学研究认为,影响日语学习者成绩提高的一个重要因素是缺乏学习策略.文章分析了学习策略中认知策略、记忆策略、情感策略、文化补偿策略在日语学习中的作用,介绍了日语学习的方法.     

锌(Ⅱ)离子为中心的三元配合物的水热合成及晶体结构

通过水热反应,合成了一种2-(4-吡啶基)-苯并咪唑、对硝基苯甲酸及锌(Ⅱ)三元配合物.并对该配合物的结构进行了测定,发现该配合物属于三斜晶系,P-1点群,晶胞参数为a=0.7902(8)nm,b=1.3277(13)nm,c=1.7837(17)nm;α=99.953°(18),β=94.666°(16),γ=90.354°(16).每个锌离子周围有两个对硝基苯甲酸及两个2-(4-吡啶基)-苯并咪唑;其中两个对硝基苯甲酸分别以一个羧基氧原子,两个2-(4-吡啶基)-苯并咪唑分别以吡啶环上的氮原子和锌离子中配位,形成四面体结构.     

Gender Disparity in STEM Disciplines: A Study of Faculty Attrition and Turnover Intentions

This study examines the underrepresentation of women faculty in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) by comparing the intentions of attrition and turnover between genders in Research and Doctoral universities. It is found that the two genders did not differ in their intentions to depart from academia, but women faculty had a significantly higher likelihood to change positions within academia. The indications are that women and men are equally committed to their academic careers in STEM; nonetheless, women’s stronger turnover intentions are highly correlated with dissatisfaction with research support, advancement opportunities, and free expression of ideas. The findings suggest that the underrepresentation of women is more convincingly explained by an academic culture that provides women fewer opportunities, limited support, and inequity in leadership, rather than by gender-based differences such as roles in family responsibilities. Changes in academic STEM culture are needed in order to attract more women scientists and narrow the current gender gap.     

竞技体操现场技术姿态特征识别系统

人体动作姿态的识别是当前研究的热点,而对于运动员技术姿态的计算是非常困难的但其应用十分广泛。针对竞技体操现场中运动员的技术姿态识别展开研究,通过监控设备对竞技体操现场进行图像采集,对图像进行关节点标定,利用加权量化矩阵表示技术姿态特征用以解决不同关节点的权重区分度问题,经过权重修正后的关节点相对坐标作为技术姿态特征用以解决标定关节点时产生的误差所造成的识别精度下降的问题,基于多种姿态特征建立技术姿态描述算子并构建特征数据库,用于训练基于支持向量机的多类分类器,以实现竞技体操现场中对体操运动员技术姿态特征的识别。实验表明,提出的方法实现了11种体操运动员运动姿态的特征识别,在识别效率和精度上具有令人满意的结果。     

解决转折期体育事件预测问题的GM（2 ,1）建模方法应用研究

从灰色系统建模预测的基本理论出发，跳出传统灰色建模常用的GM（1，1）模型范畴，探索处在转折期体育事件的预测建模新方法，并以不同情况下运用GM（2，1）与GM（1，1）建模效果的实例分析对比，阐明GM（2，1）建模方法是转折期体育事件预测工作的理想方法，从而解决以往包含转折期体育事件难以成功建模预测的难题，为灰色理论在体育领域的推广和应用，打开了更为广泛的发展空间。     

Simulation study on radiative imaging of combustion flame in furnace

Radiative imaging of combustion flame in furnace of power plant plays an increasingly important role in combustion diagnosis. This paper presents a new method for calculating the radiative imaging of three-dimensional (3D) combustion flame based on Monte Carlo method and optical lens imaging. Numerical simulation case was used in this study. Radiative images were calculated and images obtained can not only present the energy distribution on the charge-coupled device (CCD) camera target plane but also reflect the energy distribution condition in the simulation furnace. Finally the relationships between volume ele- ments and energy shares were also discussed.     

A robust gain-scheduling control based on VSC and fuzzy local controller network

Based on variable structure control (VSC) and fuzzy local controller network (FLCN), a new design method of robust gain-scheduling control is proposed in this paper. The proper sliding-modes and the tendency-rates for general operation-points are introduced such that the system gets into the sliding-modes’ motion as soon as possible and has the desired performance. Its good performance is due to the robustness of VSC. However, any local controller works well only in the local region of a specified operation-point. In this paper functions similar to the fuzzy-attributed function in fuzzy-systems are introduced to form FLCN. The simulation results showed that the presented method is feasible and acceptable. Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC: 69934030) and the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (ZJPNSFC: ZD9905).     

5-呋喃亚甲基若丹宁光度法测定铜的研究

研究了新试剂5-呋喃亚甲基若丹宁(FR)与铜的显色反应,在冰乙酸介质中,乳化剂-OP存在下,FR与 Cu(Ⅱ)生成2:1的稳定络合物,λmax=440nm,ε=5.03×103 L·mol-1·cm-1.铜的含量在0～50μg/25mL内符合 比耳定律.方法用于烟草中微量铜的测定,结果满意.     

赛前强化训练对短跨项目运动员T淋巴细胞和唾液SIgA的影响

通过对广东省田径队参加“2 0 0 0年全国田径锦标赛”优秀短跨项目运动员 4周大强度训练和比赛的跟踪调查 ,观察大强度长时间训练和比赛对其机体免疫机能的影响。结果表明 :长时间大强度训练使T淋巴系统功能降低 ,整个训练期CD4+ /CD8+ 值低于正常值 ,呈非常显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1) ;CD4+ 百分含量显著下降 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,但CD8+ 百分含量变化不大。经过调整和比赛后 ,所有指标均有升高趋势 ,但没有统计学意义。整个训练和比赛中 ,分泌型免疫球蛋白SIgA呈现对抗原刺激后的增加 ,训练后有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。结果提示 :高水平田径短跨项目运动员赛前大强度长时间训练会导致机体T淋巴细胞免疫系统功能下降 ,但是粘膜免疫系统功能在外界抗原刺激下有所升高 ,且训练后SIgA的变化与CD4+ 及CD4+ /CD8+ 值显著相关。因此 ,利用两者的变化可监测田径短跨项目运动员机体免疫系统功能的变化