名词性同义反复语的多视角研究

同义反复,又叫同语、重言等,是一种特别的话语表达方式。从句法上看,其谓语动词一般使用BE,即“是”,整个表达结构为SVC,且主语与补语完全同形,在语用上却能传达各种含意,具有丰富的语用功能。在认知语言学相关理论下对汉语中名词性同义反复的典型结构“名词（短语）＋是＋名词（短语）”的句法和语义特征进行探讨和解读,可说明语言和文化含性对构式意义的影响。     

文学翻译中汉语独特文化意象英译的最佳关联——《浮躁》英译本个案分析

根据关联翻译理论,以《浮躁》英译本为个案,探讨汉语独特文化意象英译的翻译方法。研究表明,当原文读者的认知语境在译文读者的认知语境中缺失的情况下,译者只要根据上下文语境推导出原文作者的交际意图,通过直译加注、舍去形象意译或者转换形象都可使译文达到最佳关联。     

广告语篇互文现象及其认知机制

互文分析理论已广泛运用到语篇分析实践中。本文主要探讨广告语篇互文现象及受众解读互文现象的认知机制及模式。本文从词际、句际和篇际三个不同层面探讨平面广告语篇互文现象的表现形式及特征。并应用概念合成理论分析受众解读互文现象的各种认知机制。指出受众理解互文现象的过程即受众激活心理空间,建构概念系统中意义连贯的过程。     

认知偏误对创业者学习与企业绩效的调节效应

基于闽南的样本数据,运用结构方程分析方法,创业者认知偏误对创业学习与绩效关系的调节效应得到检验。研究结论认为,创业者认知偏误的调节作用主要发生在信息加工、输出与反馈过程中。具体而言,创业加工与输出偏差一般会削弱开发学习与短期绩效之间的关系．从而使得创业者变得更加冒险。信息反馈偏误通过强化探索学习与短期绩效负相关关系,来影响创业决策。     

认知负荷对乒乓球运动员注意空间的影响*

目的 同时注意空间中多个目标刺激对于乒乓球运动员非常重要。考察认知负荷对青少年乒乓球运动员注意分布的影响。方法：实验中采用计算机行为实验,控制认知负荷（同时注意的目标数量为2、4或6个）,并且在不同注意范围（离中央注视点3°、6°和9°视角）的位置上同时呈现刺激,要求被试对刺激的亮度变化做辨别反应。结果：:认知负荷对于乒乓球运动员的注意范围有显著调节。当刺激个数为2时,在3°和6°视角条件下呈现的刺激反应时均显著快于9°视角条件下的刺激。当刺激个数为4时,视角为3°条件下的反应时快于视角为6°和9°时的反应时,而视角为6°时又比视角为9°时的反应时显著要快。当刺激个数为6时,视角为3°时的反应时均快于视角为6°和9°时的反应时。结论：当前研究证明随着认知负荷增加,乒乓球运动员注意焦点范围显著缩小。可以通过测量运动员在高负荷条件下注意焦点的范围来进行运动员的选拔。     

Effects of periodic carbohydrate ingestion on endurance and cognitive performances during a 40-km cycling time-trial under normobaric hypoxia in well-trained triathletes

The purpose of this study was to examine CHO ingestion on a cognitive task using a field-simulated time-trial (TT) under hypoxia in well-trained triathletes. Ten male triathletes (age: 22.1 ± 1.1 years; VO₂max: 59.4 ± 1.4 ml/kg/min) participated in this double-blind/crossover/counter-balanced design study. Participants completed 3 TT trials: 1) normoxic placebo (NPLA; FiO₂ = 20.9%), 2) hypoxic placebo (HPLA; FiO₂ = 16.3%), and 3) hypoxic CHO (HCHO; 6% CHO provided as 2 ml/kg/15 min; FiO₂ = 16.3%). During the TT, physiological responses (SpO₂, HR, RPE, and blood glucose/lactate), cognitive performance, and cerebral haemodynamics were measured. Hypoxia reduced TT performance by ~3.5–4% (p < 0.05), but CHO did not affect TT performance under hypoxia. For the cognitive task, CHO slightly preserved exercise-induced cognitive reaction speed but did not affect response accuracy during hypoxic exercise. However, CHO did not preserve the decreased Hb-Diff (cerebral blood flow, CBF) and increased HHb in the prefrontal lobe (p < 0.05) during hypoxic exercise, and CHO failed to preserve hypoxia-suppressed prefrontal CBF and tissue oxygen saturation. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that CHO is effective in sustaining reaction speed for a cognitive task but not promoting TT performance during hypoxic exercise, which would be important for strategy-/decision-making when athletes compete at moderate high-altitude.     

Top-down and bottom-up guidance in comprehension of schematic football diagrams

Comprehension of a narrated diagram entail complex cognitive processing as learner is challenged to extract the orally evoked information. The present experiment examined the effects of 2 different forms of attention guidance – bottom-up and top-down – on comprehension performance, cognitive load investment, and motivation to learn, using a 2 × 2 mixed design with factors “Expertise” (Expert vs. Novice) and “Condition” (no-signal, circle, segment). The results revealed an expertise reversal effect indicating that the incorporation of visual signals in diagram is effective for novice learners but partially reverses and becomes ineffective for more experienced learners (even though they invested less mental effort and reported higher level of motivation in the segmented condition). The findings suggested that the effectiveness of instructional guidance depends heavily on levels of prior knowledge.     

大学生心理健康水平与身体认知结构、体育锻炼的相关性研究

采用心理症状自评量表(SCL-90)、身体自尊量表、体育锻炼态度量表等,对大学生心理健康水平与身体认知结构和体育锻炼状况的相关性进行比较研究。结果表明:大学生的身体认知结构、体育锻炼态度、锻炼行为和心理健康状况之间存在较高程度的正相关性。     

运动对事件相关电位的影响

事件相关电位（ERP）作为可以反映大脑高级思维活动的一种客观方法在研究认知功能中得到广泛的应用,而作为其内源形成分的P300是ERP中最典型、最常用的成分和认知过程密切相关,被视为“窥视”心理活动的一个窗口,并认为它是脑研究的一种新型手段。目前人们研究体育活动对认知功能的影响大多通过研究运动对P300的影响来实现。本文对学者关于此方面的研究做一个总结。