中学生函数概念认知发展研究

函数知识是中学数学的核心内容，学生关于函数概念的认识发展可分成以下3个阶段：（1）作为“算式”的函数；（2）作为“变化过程”的函数；（3）作为“对应关系”的函数。学生是否真正理解函数概念，关键在于其表象的形成和发展水平。     

The influence of heterogeneous exposure and pre-deliberation queries on pretrial publicity effects

Prior research on pretrial publicity has produced mixed results and a roughly equal number of studies show an effect, show no effect, or show mixed results. We explored the effects of (a) homogenous vs. heterogeneous exposure (whether deliberating jurors were all exposed to the same publicity or not) and (b) pre-deliberation queries as potential contributors to mixed results. We found an effect for positive but not negative publicity on conviction rates but not evidence ratings. Exposure heterogeneity appears to explain these differences and pre-deliberation queries did appear to play some role in the obtained outcomes. Overall these findings do not replicate a robust publicity effect and future research should consider how homogeneous exposure and pre-deliberation opinion queries influence results.     

内容分布与认知要求双重视角下数学课程标准比较研究--基于“中国”“美国”“新加坡”小学初中学段之比较

选取在国际上有代表性的美国及亚洲的新加坡与中国的小学及初中数学课程标准为研究对象,从内容分布与认知要求两个维度进行编码比较研究。主要研究结果显示三国数学课程标准分别呈现如下特征：中国在内容维度上,几何内容拥有的认知要求最多,在认知要求维度上最重视数学推理,并且数学推理主要是以几何内容为主要载体的;美国和新加坡在内容维度上,数与代数拥有最多而丰富的各类认知要求,在认知要求维度上两国均十分重视“问题解决”,美国还重视“关联”类认知要求。     

标记性及其在母语迁移中的作用

母语迁移是二语习得研究中的重要领域之一。语言学和认知学理论将标记性纳入母语迁移的研究中。语言学以母语与目的语之间的标记差异做比较,说明母语迁移的可能性;认知学则以母语特征的典型范畴为基点,分析二语学习者对母语迁移的选择性。标记性理论的提出对英语教学和对外汉语教学有着十分重要的启示。     

认知视角下的英语矛盾修饰法

作为一种形象而又生动的修辞方式,英语矛盾修饰法被广泛应用于文学作品及日常言语中.英语矛盾修饰法由两个互相矛盾的词或词组组合在一起,体现出夸张、幽默等强烈感情色彩.然而,心理语言学家们认为,矛盾修饰法不仅是一种普通的修辞格,还是一种认知机制.人们对矛盾修饰的理解体现出一定的认知过程.     

Momentum sequence and environmental climate influence levels of perceived psychological momentum within a sport competition

The present study examined the influence of momentum sequence (positive vs. negative) and environmental climate (hot–wet vs. neutral) on supporters’ (i.e. virtual observers’) reported levels of perceived psychological momentum (PM) during a simulated cycling competition. Participants supported one of two competing cyclists involved in a race that was displayed on a screen in a lecture hall. The race scenario was manipulated so that the supported cyclist appeared to undergo either a positive or negative momentum sequence. In addition, participants were either exposed to a hot–wet environmental climate or to a neutral environmental climate while observing the race scenario. According to the results, reported levels of PM were higher in the positive momentum sequence condition than in the negative momentum sequence condition, consistent with the notion that supporters’ PM is influenced by a positivity bias, and reported levels of PM were also found to be higher in the hot–wet climate condition than in the neutral climate condition, consistent with the notion that environmental climate is a contextual factor that influences PM through the operation of a causal augmenting mechanism.     

我院广告学系毕业设计指导刍议

从毕业设计选题、研究方法、研究原则等方面,阐述毕业设计教学要以问题研究为导向,面向事实本身,整合优化求知方式;以实战型策划、实证性研究为依托,从封闭式的单向度研究转向开放式的多向度研究,促进理论探索与广告实践相结合。同时,以创新教育为核心,拓展学生创造性研究能力,尊重创新研究的自主权,全面提升毕业设计质量。     

关联理论与跨文化交际会话含义的理解

Sperber ＆ wilson的关联理论将交际看作一种认知活动,试图从人的认知特点和过程山发,揭示交际规律.关联理论使跨文化交际中的语用会话含意推导摆脱了Grice合作原则的束缚,也从认知的角度探讨了礼貌现象,为跨文化交际中话语的理解提供了新的理论依据,有助于解释跨文化语言交际活动中出现的语用失误与交际失败现象.     

认识主体的文化个性塑造

认识主体的个性是在社会文化环境中塑造而成的.文化个性塑造的途径是社会教化和个体内化.其方式有经验的示范和理性的文化训练等.文化个性塑造最基本的中介是语言符号.文化个性塑造的实质是个体心理机制与社会文化因素的相互作用.     

语用模糊的认知分析

语用模糊就是交际过程中的交际参与者对意义的表述或者解释不确定的种种现象。文章从认知视角,用关联理论(Relevance Theory)和空间复合理论(Space Blending Theory)对语用模糊现象进行分析探讨,以解释言语交际中出现的语用模糊的认知心理过程。