关联认知原则解析

本文对关联认知原则的三个核心概念(关联程度、认知效果与推理努力)之间的关系进行分析:关联程度决定交际的效果,认知效果与推导努力是提高关联程度的两个变量,认知语用是心智模式与推理规则相结合的言语交际行为。     

关联理论与跨文化交际会话含义的理解

Sperber ＆ wilson的关联理论将交际看作一种认知活动,试图从人的认知特点和过程山发,揭示交际规律.关联理论使跨文化交际中的语用会话含意推导摆脱了Grice合作原则的束缚,也从认知的角度探讨了礼貌现象,为跨文化交际中话语的理解提供了新的理论依据,有助于解释跨文化语言交际活动中出现的语用失误与交际失败现象.     

大学生学习投入影响因素的研究——基于学习行为投入、情感投入、认知投入维度

大学生学习投入水平高低是学业成就的重要预测因素。文章通过从学习行为投入、情感投入、认知投入维度分析大学生学习投入的影响因素,给出学习投入影响因素与大学生学习投入之间的关系概念模型,并定量分析了自身因素、人际关系因素、学习环境因素对大学生学习行为投入、情感投入、认知投入维度的主要影响及其影响程度。     

Positive Effects of Bilingualism: Divergent Thinking and Its Implications for Language Education

The issue of bilingualism has been widely explored in the past decades,showing that there are multiple positive effects of"additive bilingualism".Such positive factors are closely linked with children’s cognitive development and intelligence.This paper gives a detailed review on how bilingualism plays a role in children’s divergent thinking ability.Fully taking advantage of such positive effects in language education should be a significant part for bilingual education and foreign language programs.Thus,this paper further discusses the educational implications of these theoretic findings,suggesting that an additive bilingual environment should be cultivated through multiple ways of curriculum and program planning.     

认知美学原理分析——兼与李志宏先生商榷美的本质问题

认知美学是美学理论研究的新成果,它将认知科学理论引用到美学研究中来,为美感的发生提供了有益的参考,也为科学美学在新时期的发展提供了值得借鉴的经验。美学的科学研究给哲学研究找到了实证材料,但是科学美学无法代替哲学美学对人意识的凝练与提升功能,事实判断无法代替价值判断。认知美学的研究思路和方法并没有超出实践美学原有的思路和方法,其结论的普遍必然性也值得商榷,所以认知美学无法证明对美的本质研究已经过时。认知科学与美学都是从传统哲学分化出来的新门类,认知美学作为跨学科研究必须对两个门类同时加以扬弃才能走出一条自己的路。     

从认知角度分析现代外语教学流派及其综合运用

现代外语教学流派众多,各有利弊,而认知语言学理论作为穿引线与．其他语言学理论取长补短,融入外语教学中,即“行为—认知”初级阶段、“认知-语法”中级阶段、“认知-功能”高级阶段,不仅是对以前语言学理论不足的补充,也是对认知语言学自身的不断完善。不断完善语言学理论,综合运用不同教法,有利于外语教学改革。     

Response to Grace’s reflections on Allen and West’s paper

Since the 1970s, school effectiveness research has looked for process-variables filling the black box between mainly structural school features and cognitive outcomes in students. Two concepts came to the fore: school climate and school culture. Both concepts are currently used interchangeably, although it is open to debate whether both are actually the same thing. Because of the way culture and climate are defined and subsequently measured, we propose school culture is a better frame from which to study school effectiveness. This article goes through the premises of perceptual measurement usually overlooked in climate research, and we demonstrate empirically by means of very basic and simple methods and techniques that perceptual measurement and measurement based on assumptions are different approaches and might yield totally different results on an aggregated level. We conclude by demonstrating how culture can be probed and integrated in the models traditionally used in school effectiveness research in an advantageous and theoretically sound way.     

Cognitive load and knowledge sharing in Learning Networks

Learning Networks (LNs) are online social networks designed to support nonformal learning; they are therefore particularly suitable for self-directed learners. In LNs, learners need to construct knowledge through knowledge sharing with other participants. However, without support, learners have to organize knowledge sharing themselves and this could induce extraneous cognitive load. When working on complex learning tasks, this organizing process could have a detrimental effect on knowledge construction. To optimize cognitive load, we propose using a peer support system that applies the mechanisms of peer tutoring to support knowledge sharing. Its mechanisms reduce, we argue, the extraneous load imposed by having to organize knowledge sharing as well as induce germane load by directing the freed-up cognitive capacity to processes that contribute to knowledge construction.     

认知偏误对创业者学习与企业绩效的调节效应

基于闽南的样本数据,运用结构方程分析方法,创业者认知偏误对创业学习与绩效关系的调节效应得到检验。研究结论认为,创业者认知偏误的调节作用主要发生在信息加工、输出与反馈过程中。具体而言,创业加工与输出偏差一般会削弱开发学习与短期绩效之间的关系．从而使得创业者变得更加冒险。信息反馈偏误通过强化探索学习与短期绩效负相关关系,来影响创业决策。     

形译二律背反属性的认知关联阐释

语言形式的翻译在理论上和实践上都具有二律背反的悖论属性。关联理论提供的认知关联机制能够在理论上对形式翻译的二律背反悖论属性进行阐释并在实践上对其做出有效指导。