《诗经》中动植物名称的隐喻英译研究

认知语境是人们根据头脑中已经存在的经验对外部世界里的事物进行认知后产生的结果。隐喻则是人们根据头脑中已有的某件事和经验来理解、判断和认知另一件事或经验的一种特殊的思维方式。因此,对隐喻的正确理解最重要的依据是基于认知语境基础上的。对隐喻的翻译则是一个更为复杂的结构,因此要正确地进行隐喻翻译,就要寻求双方共有的认知语境以便理解和掌握话语中的真实含义,以期得到最成功的翻译结果。《诗经》三百篇中描写了许多动植物形象,这些形象都是作者进行诗歌创作时运用隐喻思维的产物,对隐喻的理解不当,就会使译文产生偏差。目前,《诗经》已被翻译成多种语言,译者的认知语境情况对翻译活动以及翻译文本都存在着不容忽视的影响。因此,以认知语境为理论基础来分析《诗经》中的隐喻翻译情况就显得更有价值。     

Science adjustment,parental and teacher autonomy support and the cognitive orientation of science students

Research has shown that autonomy support has positive effects on academic development, but no study has examined how systemising cognitive orientation is related to important outcomes for science students, and how it may interact with autonomy support. This prospective investigation considered how systemising and support from teachers and parents influence motivation, self-efficacy and science performance of science students. Totally, two hundred and eighty eight high school students (143 females and 145 males) completed surveys at two times and records of their achievements were collected. Teachers’ autonomy support and systemising were significantly positively related to motivation, self-efficacy and achievement over time, while parental support for autonomy was not directly related to the outcomes. Finally, two significant interaction effects showed that the relation of parental autonomy support to motivation and self-efficacy was moderated by systemising. This is the first study to demonstrate that autonomy support may be especially helpful for individuals with an intrinsic disposition in a domain.     

Development of learning to learn skills in primary school

In Finland, schools’ effectiveness in fostering the development of transversal skills is evaluated through large-scale learning to learn (LTL) assessments. This article presents how LTL skills—general cognitive competences and learning-related motivational beliefs—develop during primary school and how they predict pupils’ CPS skills at the end of sixth grade. The six-year follow-up of 608 pupils shows that cognitive competences demonstrated in the beginning of the first grade in a learning preparedness test predict both later cognitive LTL competences and CPS, but their development is not fully determined by earlier individual differences in learning preparedness in the first grade. Motivational beliefs begin to be related to cognitive LTL performance gradually from age 10 on, and they may have a slightly stronger effect on CPS than on cognitive LTL performance. It is concluded that the development of CPS is partly depending on pupils’ initial learning preparedness and the development of their LTL skills.     

从认知相似性的视角看汉语缩略语的构造

缩略是一种十分引人注目的语言现象,汉语中的缩略现象由来已久,也有不少学者对其进行了研究。但目前现有的研究,多是关于缩略的分类,或是从意义上、修辞上探究缩略的构造原理,从认知语言学的角度考察缩略的并不多。若从认知相似性的视角对缩略进行深入考察,或可加深对这种现象的认识。     

概念整合理论下的中国英语的词汇翻译研究

国内对中国英语以及对中国英语中的词汇的翻译研究发展了近30年的时间,不同的人对中国英语中词汇的翻译问题所持有的态度也不同,传统的翻译方法自身存在的问题并不能够凸显中国英语作为一种具有中国特色的英语变体的特点,概念整合理论以其强大的认知阐释力证明了中国英语的词汇翻译是一种中国人独有的认知活动,从而进一步证明了中国英语是一种普遍存在的具有中国特色的英语变体。     

Metaphor Analysis Based on Image Schema-Take the Poem Jie Fu Yin and its English Translation as an Example

There are many implied metaphors in the poetry of Tang dynasty. In this paper, the poem Reply of a Chaste Wife and its English version are analyzed through the image schema theory to explore the explan...     

高职高专英语学习者词汇学习策略调查研究初探

该文采用Gu和Johnson（1996）词汇学习策略的调查问卷和Nation(1990)的词汇量问卷,选择锦州师范高等专科学校非英语专业二年级学生进行了一次定量实证调查。旨在通过对锦州师范高等专科学校非英语专业二年级学生的英语词汇学习策略的调查和分析,了解他们学习词汇的现状,找出有效的词汇学习策略,为今后的教学科研提供相关的数据。     

Learning statistics with interactive pictures using R Shiny: Generally preferred,but not generally advantageous

Constructing interactive web apps has become more accessible for instructors, for example, by using the R package Shiny. Here we explored learners' preferences and the efficiency of interactive simulations versus static pictures in acquiring statistics knowledge of Cohen's d and standard normal distribution. Results revealed that students' spontaneous interaction with pictures was infrequent (pilot study, N = 26). While prompts (Exp. 1, N = 152) effectively ensured the manipulation of simulations, student exposure to interactive simulations led to longer learning times though similar test performance compared with student exposure to static pictures. Multiple interactive representations led to lower test performance than single interactive and static representations (Exp. 2, N = 117). Though no advantage was gained regarding learning outcomes, participants preferred the interactive variant (Exp. 3, N = 119). Taken together, this study demonstrates that the superiority of interactive pictures cannot be assumed to hold in general. Further work should evaluate how mental model construction can be effectively scaffolded by interactive simulations.     

Understanding how student-constructed stop-motion animations promote mechanistic reasoning: A theoretical framework and empirical evidence

Previous studies have documented the promising results from student-constructed representations, including stop-motion animation (SMA), in supporting mechanistic reasoning (MR), which is considered an essential thinking skill in science education. Our current study presents theoretically and empirically how student-constructed SMA contributes to promoting MR. As a theoretical perspective, we propose a framework hypothesizing the link between elements of MR and the construction nature of SMA, that is, chunking and sequencing. We then examined the extent to which this framework was consistent with a multiple-case study in the domain of static electricity involving five secondary school students constructing and using their own SMA creation for reasoning. In addition, students' reasoning in pre- and postconstruction of an SMA was examined. Our empirical findings confirmed our framework by showing that all students identified the basic elements of MR, that is, entities and activities of entities, when engaging in chunking and sequencing. Chunking played a role in facilitating students to identify entities responsible for electrostatic phenomena, and sequencing seemed to elicit students to specify activities of these entities. The analysis of students' reasoning in pre- and postconstruction of SMA found that student-generated SMA has a potential effect on students' retention of the use of MR. Implications for instruction with SMA construction to support MR are discussed.