认知法在高职英语教学中的应用

认知法突破了传统外语教学单纯以教师讲授为主的模式,强调外语学习者的内在因素,倡导发挥学生的主观能动性,主张语言规则要在教师的启发下让学生去发现。根据认知法的特征,外语教学过程可分为语言理解、语言能力的培养和语言应用三个阶段。该文结合英语教学的实践,探讨如何将认知法理论运用到英语教学实践。     

The role of orthographic flexibility in Chinese word reading among kindergarten children

Abstract

The present study aimed to examine the potential importance of orthographic flexibility for Chinese reading acquisition. Orthographic flexibility is a novel concept that represents the ability to manage and switch attention among multiple aspects of orthographic information. A total of 92 Chinese kindergarten children at age 6 were assessed on measures of orthographic flexibility, orthographic knowledge, executive functions (EF) skills (i.e. cognitive flexibility and working memory) and Chinese word reading. Results of hierarchical regressions showed that orthographic flexibility uniquely and significantly contributed to word reading beyond the effects of established predictors, namely orthographic knowledge and EF skills. Path analysis further indicated that orthographic flexibility significantly mediated the contribution of EF skills to word reading. These findings provided theoretical insights into the linkage between domain-general EF skills and domain-specific reading ability. The present study also provided practical implication that training on orthographic flexibility in addition to orthographic knowledge could be beneficial to early acquisition of Chinese word reading.     

我国中小企业融资与金融支持

中小企业是我国经济发展的重要基础，在扩大就业、保持社会稳定、活跃市场、促进经济发展等方面发挥着重要作用。但是中小企业的融资困难，已成为其进一步发展的瓶颈。这里主要分析中小企业的重要性及其融资特点、制约因素，探讨健全中小企业的间接融资和直接融资机制等金融支持问题。     

An exploration of teacher's use of iPads for students with learning support needs

This project explored how iPads were being used in a range of K‐12 schools to support the learning of students with a range of learning support needs. Groups of teachers (and other professionals) from the USA, Canada, Australia and the UK were invited to complete an online survey focused on the use of iPads in their classrooms, perspectives of their skill level, and how their school and school districts support the use of iPads. The survey focused on iPad use in classrooms (curriculum and skills); teachers’ skill levels; whether iPads are addressed in the Individualised Education Program (IEP); the systemic support for the iPads; and the perceived benefits and barriers. The results reveal that respondents are using iPads across many areas of the curriculum, which affirms the research in the emerging literature base. However, there are teacher reported differences in the manner and scope of iPad use in the classrooms and also the integration of the iPad in the IEP. The research also highlights variability in reported skill level for the iPad and an increased need for enhanced systemic support, such as training, funding, technical support and administrative support for the use of the iPad as a pedagogical tool.     

In quest of the functional architecture of the developing mind: The Aristotelian project

This paper summarizes a theory of cognitive development that argues that the mind develops across three fronts. The first refers to a general processing system that defines the general potentials of mind to develop cognitive strategies and skills. The second refers to a hypercognitive system that governs self-understanding and self-regulation. The third involves a set of specialized structural systems which are responsible for the representation and processing of different reality domains. There are specific forces which are responsible for this organization of mind. These are expressed in the paper in terms of a set of five organizational principles. The developmental course of the major systems is outlined. Developmental change is ascribed by the theory to the interaction between the various systems. Different types of development require different change mechanisms. Several studies are outlined in the paper which provide empirical support to each of these propositions. The theoretical and educational implications of this project are discussed in the concluding section of the paper.     

通过隐喻进行文化教学

隐喻是语言的重要组成部分,与文化联系密切,许多深层文化内容(如人生观,价值观等)在很大程度上通过隐喻来表达,而不同语言文化在隐喻运用上又往往有较大差别。因此,通过隐喻进行文化教学是英语教育的一条可行途径。     

Collaborative classroom practice for inclusion: perspectives of classroom teachers and learning support/resource teachers

Collaborative practice is integral to effective inclusion. Within schools, teacher collaboration can foster communities of practice through a series of professional relationships that enhance the educational experience and learning outcomes of pupils with special educational needs (SEN). In Ireland, Learning Support Teachers (LSTs) and Resource Teachers (RTs) provide additional support to the increasing numbers of children with SEN in mainstream classrooms. Working alongside Classroom Teachers (CTs), this tripartite of teaching expertise represents an opportunity for whole-school and classroom-based approaches to successful collaborative, inclusive practice.

This article describes the perceptions and experiences of collaborative practice between primary CTs, RTs and LSTs in a cohort of primary schools in the West of Ireland. Using a mixed methods approach, the study sought to establish the nature and extent of collaboration amongst these teachers and to identify the benefits and barriers to implementation.

The findings suggest that whilst teachers are increasingly aware of the value of collaboration, its implementation is largely aspirational, with a series of challenges relating to time constraints, ad hoc planning and limited professional development opportunities most commonly identified as constraints to a consistent approach. The article considers the consequences of this shortfall and options for improved engagement between teachers are identified.     

数学理解的层次性及其教学意义

数学理解有不同的程度、层次,这些层次包括:零层次、常识性层次、逻辑性层次、观念性层次和无尽的层次.数学理解层次的主要特点有不连续性、整体功能性、两种循环性和两种依赖性.在数学教与学中提高数学理解层次的途径有亲历知识的生长过程,参与数学研究,以及进行哲学思考.     

Using Exploratory Talk to Enhance Problem-solving and Reasoning Skills in Grade-7 Science Classrooms

This study investigates whether the generation of exploratory talk in grade seven, second-language science classrooms in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, has a positive effect on learners in terms of their problem-solving and reasoning skills and whether socio-cultural milieus (urban, peri-urban and rural settings of schools) have an effect on any cognitive gains that may be made by learners. The findings were that there is a clear and statistically significant improvement in the mean test scores on problem-solving and reasoning of pupils who participated in the classroom discussion initiative (exploratory talk) over those of the comparison groups. This result was consistent in both the first- and second-studies that were undertaken. There was also a significant difference between the gains in problem-solving and reasoning test scores of the three socio-geographical settings in which the participating schools are found.     

从自救到自立──重评丁玲小说中的年轻女性

丁玲小说中最具艺术魁力的是一群反复出现的年轻女性。从１９２７年发表的处女作《梦坷》中的梦柯，到１９７９年发表的《杜晚香》中的杜晚香，组成了多姿多彩的女性形象系列。她们有相似或相近的性情、心态、遭际、命运，大都是孤儿寡女并游荡在异乡。她们义无反顾地冲破樊笼，走出家门，奋力抗争。这个形象系统清晰地画出了半个世纪以来中国女性从自救到自立的人生轨迹。