A Conceptual Change Teaching Strategy to Facilitate High School Students' Understanding of Electrochemistry

Recent research in chemistry education has shown an increasing interest in the facilitation of conceptual change in student understanding of chemical concepts. Most of the studies have tried to show the difference in student performance on algorithmic and conceptual problems. The objective of this study is to go beyond and design a teaching strategy based on two teaching experiments that could facilitate students' conceptual understanding of electrochemistry. The study is based on two sections (control, n = 29; experimental, n = 28) of 10th grade high school students at a public school in Venezuela. Experimental group participated in two teaching experiments designed to generate situations/experiences in which students are forced to grapple with alternative responses leading to cognitive conflicts/contradictions. Results obtained show that learning electrochemistry involves both algorithmic and conceptual problems. On Posttest 1, 93% of the experimental group students responded correctly, in contrast to 39% of the control group. On Posttest 2, 39% of the experimental group responded correctly, in contrast to 0% of the Control group. The difference in performance on both posttests is statistically significant (p < 0.001). It is concluded that the teaching experiments facilitated students' understanding (progressive transitions) of electrochemistry.     

汉语存现句式的认知分析

从认知语法角度可把存在句划分为包含关系、承受关系、接触关系和相对位置关系四小类,现象句凸现了动体论元,是分别在起点和终点来看待动体的移动和变化的。     

The biggest extension of rights in Europe? Needs,rights and children with additional support needs in Scotland

ABSTRACT

The Education (Additional Support for Learning) (Scotland) Act 2004 boosted the rights of parents of children with additional support needs (ASN) by improving access to information, instituting a Code of Practice and establishing new redress mechanisms such as the ASN Tribunal and independent mediation. More than a decade later, Scottish legislation enacted in 2016 and implemented in 2018 attempted to increase children’s rights, broadly placing them on a par with those of parents and young people. This paper draws on data from an ESRC project entitled Autonomy, Rights and Children with Special Needs: A New Paradigm? (ES/P002641/1). Analysis of Scottish Government policy and legislation, key informant interviews and official statistics are used to examine the extent to which the new rights are likely to be realised in practice, given the complexity of the legislation and competition between discourses of needs, broadly synonymous with the wellbeing agenda and rights. The paper concludes with a discussion of the lessons which may be learnt from the Scottish experience, which will be of interest to an international audience.     

Educational psychologists’ support roles regarding the implementation of inclusive education in Zimbabwe

This article focuses on a phenomenological study of trainee/educational psychologists’ lived experiences regarding the support roles in the implementation of inclusive education practices in Zimbabwe. In‐depth phenomenological interviews were done with 16 purposely selected participants (13 trainee/educational psychologists located at three administrative offices and three experts on inclusion from three universities) and data was transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed. Monthly/annual reports from trainee/educational psychologists were used as reference material. Three major themes emerged from the support roles: (1) diverse views on inclusion; (2) critical roles, successful and unsuccessful experiences in implementing inclusive education; and (3) impact of experiences on rendering support services. Key findings indicate that advocacy and consultation, assessment and placement, and in‐service training were viewed as critical and successful experiences, whereas negative teacher attitudes and limited resources were viewed as barriers toward the implementation of inclusive education practices. The impact of experiences indicates inadequacy in the provision of support services. Annual reports of trainee/educational psychologists indicated inadequate ongoing training on inclusive education practices. These findings are discussed in relation to the inclusive education literature.     

The skeletons in our closet: E‐learning tools and what happens when one side does not fit all

In the anatomical sciences, e‐learning tools have become a critical component of teaching anatomy when physical space and cadaveric resources are limited. However, studies that use empirical evidence to compare their efficacy to visual‐kinesthetic learning modalities are scarce. The study examined how a visual‐kinesthetic experience, involving a physical skeleton, impacts learning when compared with virtual manipulation of a simple two‐dimensional (2D) e‐learning tool, A.D.A.M. Interactive Anatomy. Students from The University of Western Ontario, Canada (n = 77) participated in a dual‐task study to: (1) investigate if a dual‐task paradigm is an effective tool for measuring cognitive load across these different learning modalities; and (2) to assess the impact of knowledge recall and spatial ability when using them. Students were assessed using knowledge scores, Stroop task reaction times, and mental rotation test scores. Results demonstrated that the dual‐task paradigm was not an effective tool for measuring cognitive load across different learning modalities with respect to kinesthetic learning. However, our study highlighted that handing physical specimens yielded major, positive impacts on performance that a simple commercial e‐learning tool failed to deliver (P < 0.001). Furthermore, students with low spatial ability were significantly disadvantaged when they studied the bony joint and were tested on contralateral images (P = 0.046, R = 0.326). This suggests that, despite limbs being mirror images, students should be taught the anatomy of, as well as procedures on, both sides of the human body, enhancing the ability of all students, regardless of spatial ability, to take anatomical knowledge into the clinic and perform successfully. Anat Sci Educ 10: 570–588. © 2017 American Association of Anatomists.     

贫困高中学生社会支持与心理健康调查研究

选用获学校贫困补助的学生57名为研究组，相对应的52名非贫困生为对照组，采用症状自评量表（SCL－90）、社会支持评定理表和自编教师评价问卷对贫困高中学生心理健康状况和社会支持状况进行调查，为高中贫困学生心理卫生工作提供科学依据。结果：1）贫困生SCL－90量表测量的总分、躯体化水平、强迫症状、人际敏感、抑郁、偏执、精神病性、其他各因子分显高于非贫困生；2）社会支持评定量表的主观支持和支持利用度评分贫困生普遍得分低于非贫困生；3）贫困生社会支持量表评分与SCL－90各因子负相关。结论：1）高中贫困学生心理健康问题值得学校心理卫生工作关注；2）应提高贫困学生对社会支持的感受性和对支持源的利用。     

辩论式教学在英语口语课教学中的应用

英语口语教学主要是加强培养及训练学生的语言知识转换能力。将辩论作为一种学习的方法引入课堂，它能够在培养学生的主动性，自觉性方面起到积极的推动作用。在口语教学中，教师策略地、适度地实施辩论式教学有助于学生的口头表达能力和听力的提高，让学生随时对教学内容保持注意力高度集中并产生浓厚的学习兴趣。     

混合式学习系统的设计、开发和应用

按照国内远程教育的基本需求,本文首先提出融合传统远程教育和网络教学各自优点的混合式学习模式,并介绍了混合的过程阶段、主要类型和策略.显然,远程教育中的学习系统设计需要与远程教育过程保持一致性,因此,我们进一步设计和开发了混合式学习系统解决方案,该系统包括教务管理系统、网络学习平台、教学资源系统、虚拟社区系统、学习评估系统和质量管理系统等六大部分.最后,我们以网络学习平台为例,给出了混合式学习的设计过程方法,并通过数据分析总结了其在实践中的应用效果.     

对外汉语基础语法认知法教学初探

本探索把认知心理学应用于对外汉语基础语法教学，在教学中注意学生的认知结构和学习的心理过程。章介绍了作的几点做法与思考：一、建立强调式语法点与学生已掌握的一般表述的联系；二、建立新语法点与相关的系列性语法点的联系；三、建立一般语法点与学生已掌握的语言相对应的语法点的联系，并强调理解和有意义的操练。     

循环经济金融支持研究及其对新疆地区的启示

循环经济本身的特征决定其离不开金融支持。论文在阐述循环经济与金融支持关系的基础上，分析了我国循环经济发展中金融支持存在的问题及其产生原因，提出了促进我国循环经济发展的金融支持对策。基于以上视角探析了金融支持对于新疆地区循环经济发展的启示。