煤层注水在煤矿安全生产中的应用

本文分析了煤层注水防尘、注水抑制煤炭自燃和降温、注水防瓦斯、注水防冲击地压的作用机理,并对河南省某煤矿结合煤层开采情况和具体条件对工作面煤层实施注水前后的情况进行比较,注水后在煤尘防治、抑制煤炭自燃和降温、防瓦斯、防冲击地压等方面均有不同程度的改善,极大提高了煤矿的安全生产状况并取得可观的经济效益,为实施煤层注水提供了科学依据。     

火电燃煤锅炉NOx生成机理与燃烧优化技术的研究

煤燃烧的污染排放是我国主要大气污染源之一。分析了燃煤锅炉中NOx生成的机理,介绍了减少NOx生成和排放的工业技术,在对国内外燃煤锅炉燃烧优化技术研究现状综述的基础上,对前沿现代技术应用于燃烧优化控制的发展趋势进行了展望。     

降低汽车尾气中NO_X的技术进展

文章介绍了汽车尾气污染物的危害以及NOX的生成机理,从废气再循环技术、缸内直喷式燃烧技术、代用燃料、电子控制技术、催化还原技术等几个方面,对降低汽车尾气中NOX的排放技术进行了研究。     

液相燃烧合成LiMn_2O_4及其Mn平均价态的测定

以硝酸锂(锰)、醋酸锂(锰)、尿素和柠檬酸为原料,利用液相燃烧合成方法研究了两种不同酸根盐体系以及燃料尿素用量和柠檬酸对燃烧合成尖晶石型LiMn2O4的影响,并用氧化还原滴定法测定产物中Mn的平均化合价作为合成产物为LiMn2O4的辅证依据。XRD分析表明,液相燃烧合成可制备得尖晶石型LiMn2O4物质,锂和锰的醋酸盐体系燃烧合成LiMn2O4比硝酸盐体系好,燃料尿素比柠檬酸好;醋酸盐和尿素的燃烧体系可得纯相LiMn2O4产物,硝酸盐和尿素的燃烧体系中含有较多Mn2O3,但随尿素量增多,杂相Mn2O3的含量减少;产物LiMn2O4中Mn的价态为+3.5左右,与LiMn2O4中Mn的标准价态相同。     

The evolution of waste into a resource: Examining innovation in technologies reusing coal combustion by-products using patent data

The reuse of waste begins with the development of new technologies for ways to use waste. Despite the critical role of innovation in waste reuse, innovation for waste reuse technologies has been largely overlooked in innovation studies. This paper presents the first patent study examining the innovation process for a specific waste reuse technology, to elucidate how waste evolves into a resource with a greater possibility of being used. This study specifically analyzes how innovation occurs, what drives it, and the consequences of this innovation. Coal combustion by-products (CCBs), which are solid residues generated from coal-fired utilities, are specifically examined as a test case because they have been promoted as a resource through century-long innovative efforts for use in construction, mining, and agricultural applications. Having examined more than 700 patents from the United States Patent and Trademark Office database, the results of this study show that innovation has primarily occurred: (1) to reuse CCBs, particularly fly ash, in various building, construction, and structural products; (2) by businesses, particularly those that need to use CCBs; and (3) since 1967, and the number of CCB-related patents peaked during the early 1980s and 1990s. For the drivers of innovation, this study identifies the impact of some market factors, such as cement and lime price, and institutional activities, such as the establishment of industrial associations that support CCB reuse, on patent filings. The role of regulation in innovation, however, is ambiguous with regard to CCB reuse. Although more CCBs have been used as more innovation occurs, the use of CCBs has increased with a lag, due to variation in the values of individual technologies and barriers to the implementation of technologies in the reuse market.     

食品专业化学热力学创新实验教学

结合食品专业实际,开展化学热力学创新实验教学研究。用山梨酸替代萘测定燃烧焓变改进了化学热力学传统实验项目;食用植物油热值的测定实验项目填补了食品专业化学热力学实验教学空白。这两项创新实验教学研究丰富了"物理化学"实验教学内容,取得了较好的教学效果。     

电站锅炉结焦原因分析及对策

燃烧器附近结焦和炉膛内的大量结焦、积灰,常使空气动力工况遭到破坏,使炉膛出口温度升高,引起对流受热面壁温升高,破坏锅炉水循环,限制锅炉出力,降低锅炉的效率。本文针对电站锅炉燃烧器的特点,从燃料特性、锅炉设计及运行等方面分析造成结焦的原因,提出了防止结焦的措施。     

Diagnosis of valve-slap of diesel engine with EEMD-EMD-AGST approach

A hybrid of ensemble empirical mode decomposition and empirical mode decomposition (EEMD-EMD) is introduced to diagnose the valve-slap vibration signal,which is relative to the dominant combustion knock vibration signal given out by a diesel engine around the top dead center (TDC).The time-frequency representations of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) decomposed by EEMD-EMD are obtained by adaptive generalized S transform (AGST).A type 493 diesel engine was used for the experiment,and the result indicates that the valve-slap of the diesel engine is serious,and the vibration frequencies are higher than the combustion knock.With EEMD-EMD-AGST approach,the valve-slap can be identified by the vibration analysis of the diesel engine.     

活塞应变场测量技术研究

对高速往复运动活塞的应变场进行测量的最大困难在于如何可靠地将应变信号引出．本文在现有红外遥测系统的基础上,对内燃机活塞应变遥测系统利用红外数据传输成功地解决了这一难题．新系统通过对活塞应变信号的现场数字量化,数据以数据包的形式发送,增大红外发射电流,提高数据传输速度,使新测量系统在恶劣的工作环境中,数据传输的可靠性大大提高．所设计的遥测系统在活塞上进行了模拟试验研究认证,结果表明系统具有较好的可靠性和较高的测量精度．     

微重力条件下腔体内竖板火蔓延的三维非稳态数值模拟

本文用数值求解基本控制微分方程组的方法研究了微重力条件下腔体内部固体可燃物表面火焰传播的三维非稳态过程。建立的理论模型考虑了气相有限速率化学反应，以及固相的传热和热解过程，阐明了微重力场中固体表面火蔓延过程可燃表面热解的“表面燃料喷射”效应的重要作用，并建立了相应的数学处理方法。数值模拟的结果反映了微重力大小对竖板火蔓延过程形成重要影响的特点，结果基本合理。