具有连带产品属性的高等教育

高等教育区别于其他多数产品和服务的一个重要特征是 :它是一种“连带产品”。当学生选择本科学院时 ,首先考虑的不仅是大学的教授、课程和设备 ,而且还同时考虑学校里其他同学的学术能力和社会经济背景。大学里的教授和管理者在选择工作机构时同样考虑他们同事的学术水平和社会背景。这种情形在著名大学表现得尤其突出。高等教育的这一特征对高等教育的分层、竞争、非营利属性、院校规模以及偏好的同质性等现象都有一定的解释力。显然 ,未来的高等教育系统将具有双重性 :在底层 ,竞争相对单一 ;在顶层 ,分层相对突出     

高等学校定位:竞争中的抉择

高等教育多样化是在社会竞争中由学校自主办学形成的。要用一种动态的眼光来看待所谓学校的“定位”。高等学校制定自己的发展战略是审时度势下的理性决策。政府的职能是完善社会竞争机制和宏观调节手段 ,构建合理的高等教育结构。     

冲突与和谐:不同大学组织模式中管理人员与教师的关系--读罗伯特·伯恩鲍姆的《大学运行模式》有感

管理人员和教师是大学组织中的两个重要阶层 ,这两个阶层之间的关系问题 ,是大学管理活动中十分重要也是必须面对的问题。美国学者罗伯特·伯恩鲍姆把高等学校抽象为四种基本的组织运行模式 :学会组织模式 ,官僚组织模式 ,政党组织模式 ,无政府组织模式。笔者分析发现 ,与这四种大学组织运行模式相对应的 ,行政人员和教师的关系各不相同 ,分别表现为 :平等与和谐、离散与隔膜、对立与对话、自由与自主。     

也谈如何进行素质教育

文章就如何培养学生的高尚品德,增强其竞争意识和激发其上进心等三个方面探讨了在教学过程中进行素质教育的方式方法,教育学生树立正确的世界观、人生观.要把学生培养成为高素质人才,具有驰骋于21世纪的本领.     

期刊质量、发行量、广告三者的关系--《蜜蜂杂志》办刊实践

质量是期刊永恒的主题.期刊质量直接影响到期刊的发行量,发行量又制约着发布广告的数量,广告数量对期刊质量又有影响,三者互为因果关系.正确处理好三者的关系,就能为期刊社创造良好的社会效益和经济效益,使期刊走上自我发展的良性循环道路.     

广告在科技期刊竞争中的作用

当前科技期刊间的竞争越来越激烈,科技期刊能否生存和发展,广告在其竞争中所起的作用不容忽视.科技期刊的生存与发展,已由原来单一依靠发行量,转变为以广告收入为主的新的经营模式.     

关键词标引的若干问题探讨

分析关键词标引中存在的若干问题,探讨关键词与文献主题、标题词、专业术语、主题词、自由词的关系,提出提高关键词标引质量的对策.     

画家林纾师承关系研究

林纾艺术上的进阶主要得益于游历中所见的历代经典作品。他以古画为师,其中,对他影响最大的是“元四家”中的王蒙。王蒙兼有吴历之“精”与王翬之“博”,是中国画学集大成式的人物。而且,王蒙的作品浅白刻露,授人以用笔之法,是可学而可至的美的范式。当然,林纾所认识的王蒙并不完全等同于王蒙的本来面貌。他所关注到的这些侧面,隐约蕴藏着使绘画创作系统化、逻辑化的愿望。其结果是,林纾的作品工稳、细致有余,缘自性灵的特立独行、放旷不羁则很少显现。     

Many hands: The effect of the prior inventor-intermediaries relationship on academic licensing

We study the role of the relationship among inventors and intermediaries in the licensing of university inventions. We suggest that a prior inventor-intermediaries relationship positively influences licensing rates through selective retention of higher quality relationships and mutual learning in the relationship, enabling intermediaries to reduce both information asymmetry and search costs between inventors and potential licensees. We argue that the influence of a prior inventor-intermediaries relationship on licensing is especially important before intellectual property protection is attained and can be substituted by the buyer-side contacts of inventors and intermediaries. We test these predictions using 919 inventions from the technology transfer office at Stanford University. This study has implications for the policies and design of university technology licensing organizations.     

Selecting an open innovation community as an alliance partner: Looking for healthy communities and ecosystems

Organizations build strategic alliances with other firms with the intent of tapping into partners’ resources and capturing long-term value from these relationships. Such partnerships are typically governed by contractual or equity arrangements with clear mutual obligations. More recently, however, organizations have begun to seek strategic partnerships with open innovation communities, which are novel digitally enabled forms of organizing, and where contractual commitments are not possible. Thus, selecting the right open innovation community as an alliance partner becomes a more complex decision. We follow how the organizational decision makers, in two technology firms that were pioneers of forming strategic alliances with open innovation communities, developed metrics around making such decisions. We build upon Shah and Swaminathan’s (2008) contingency model of alliance partner selection and consider how it applies to the case of partnering with open innovation communities. This framework was useful in to frame our findings, yet our work recognizes and builds upon two key differences: 1) the evaluation metrics used in selecting an open innovation community were more focused on value creation than value capture; and 2) open ecosystem considerations, and not just partner-specific metrics, featured prominently in this type of alliance partner evaluation. We develop the notions of community and ecosystem health to refer to these new metrics.