交互关系视角下项目组合风险系统架构及其复杂性

研究从来源、产生范式和功能特征等三个维度扩展项目间交互关系分类体系,分析交互关系视角下项目组合风险的产生和变化,在此基础上构建基于逻辑维和认识维的项目组合风险系统架构模型,并对其系统复杂性展开讨论。     

复杂性理论对课堂教学的启示

复杂性理论的兴起促使人们从新的角度来审视课堂教学。传统课堂教学使课堂失去了应有的生命活力,压抑了学生的创造性和主体性,课堂教学具有简单性、确定性和封闭性。而复杂性视野下的课堂教学具有非线性、开放性、自组织性和非还原性等特征。这种课堂教学观启示我们在教学活动中要超越线性,体现非线性;注重教育机智;重新组织课堂教学活动,促使课堂教学和谐发展。     

会计研究范式及其发展趋势——从简化对立到复杂整合

从近几十年的会计研究历程看,20世纪的会计研究主要是科学实证主义和人文理解两大范式的争论与对立。20世纪后期出现并可能成为21世纪主导的复杂科学,将改变会计研究范式二元对立的局面,走向多元整合的复杂性研究范式,实现会计研究方法论的根本性转换。     

论复杂性科学对现代心理学研究的影响

兴起于20世纪80年代中期的复杂性科学,是针对还原论的世界图景的反动.它强调按照事物的本来面目认识和把握研究对象,为我们提供了一种全新的科学方法论.复杂性科学引发了人类思维方式的变革:从线性思维到非线性思雏,从还原论思维到非还原论思维,从实体性思维到关系思雏等.这些思维方式的变革促使我们重新审视现代心理学的特征与误区,同时也为心理学的研究提供了切实的方法论和新视角.     

Story writing skills of adults with a history language-impairment

The purpose of this study was to investigate the story writing skills of adults with a history of oral language impairment. It was hypothesized that writing text would pose difficulty for adults with a history of language impairment (LI), and that this difficulty would manifest itself as reduced grammatical complexity and increased errors in spelling, grammar and punctuation. The story writing of 10 adults with a history of LI was compared to a group of 51 unimpaired individuals. Participants were asked to write the story of Cinderella. Stories were analysed for length, grammatical complexity and accuracy of grammar, punctuation and spelling. Data were analysed to determine group trends as well as individual profiles. As a group, the adults with LI showed no difference from the comparison group in the length of their stories as measured by total number of words. The LI group did, however, show reduced grammatical complexity in their writing, as measured by mean length of t-unit. The LI group made more errors in grammar, spelling and punctuation than the comparison group. Individual analyses indicated substantial variability within the LI group. It is concluded that LI in childhood is associated with writing difficulties in adulthood.     

干校文学论：以向阳湖“五七”干校为中心

将干校文学划归“文革文学”和“反思文学”的文学史叙述范畴,自有其历史合理性;但对于具体鲜活的干校文学文本来说,却是一种无意的遮蔽。通过文本细读,深入干校文学文本,可以发现干校文学的丰富性和复杂性,进而揭橥当时作家的真实心态及其转变过程,对于校文学的评价应该以“真实”作为第一标准,干校文学创作及其研究尚有不小的空间可供开拓。     

Preparing for principalship from the crucible of experience: reflecting on theory,practice and research

This paper examines the theories of organisation that have informed our understanding of schools as complex social worlds and the practice of school leadership that seems to be required in such environments. This understanding has, in turn, determined the research approach we have adopted for investigating principals’ work and for ascertaining the utility of existing approaches to their initial preparation. The paper argues that the extent to which preparation processes align with principals’ professional needs will depend on the extent to which they are able to connect with the realities of workplaces found in schools as well as the environments in which they are located. For this purpose, it is desirable to pursue the kind of enquiry that is capable of revealing what schools leaders know and brings them to a new stage in their thinking about practice.     

Gender,complexity, and science for all: Systemizing and its impact on motivation to learn science for different science subjects

The present study is based on a large cross‐cultural study, which showed that a systemizing cognition type has a high impact on motivation to learn science, while the impact of gender is only indirect thorough systemizing. The present study uses the same structural equation model as in the cross‐cultural study and separately tests it for physics, chemistry, and biology. The model was confirmed for physics and chemistry, but not for biology. This is interpreted as empirical evidence for a cognitive difference between the learning of hard sciences (like physics and chemistry) and life sciences (like biology) that reflects an epistemological difference between ordered (linear) and complex (non‐linear) systems. It is concluded that a more prominent inclusion of complex issues into science teaching could motivate low and average systemizers, independent of their gender, for science learning, that is, could be a key to science for all. Thus, there is a mutual benefit between important 21st century's issues of science teaching and the need to foster students’ motivation to learn science. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 55: 147–171, 2018     

制造企业服务化现状的影响因素检验

我国制造企业正逐步从纯产品制造向专项提供“产品+服务”的组合,即进行服务化创新。本文通过对东中部若干省样本企业的调查研究分析影响企业服务化的因素,研究表明企业规模与服务化程度之间存在“倒U型”的关系,中等规模的企业最倾向于选择高度服务化。此外,服务化也和企业产品的工艺性、复杂性正相关,而企业创新能力越强则企业涉足服务化程度越深入,地区差异并不会对服务化水平产生实质性的影响,研究指出企业以及社会各界应当如技术创新一样重视服务化的作用。     

The use of hypermedia in collaborative learning. An approach to the problem of complex systems in the teaching of urban planning / El uso de hipermedia en el aprendizaje colaborativo. Una aproximación al problema de los sistemas complejos en la docencia del urbanismo

The counterpart to the open access to information facilitated by the Internet is the problem of the over-saturation of data and sources. A collaborative model of hypermedia is proposed as a pedagogical approach to the teaching of urban planning in which students organize and construct information from the possibilities provided by hypertext language. The methodology is structured in three phases: organization when searching for information; presentation of information using hypermedia; and assessment of the work. The results show that organization of information in the form of websites obtained the highest scores, although collaborative assessment should be restricted to subjective aspects of communication, while objective aspects should be assessed by the teacher and by groups of experts.