职业院校计算机教学模式探索

为适应当前市场经济的发展和教育改革的顺利进行,培养社会需要的实用型人才已成为职业院校所关注的焦点问题,计算机作为职业院校实践性较强的学科,其教学模式也就成为计算机教师不断探索和思索的问题。     

Android arete: Toward a virtue ethic for computational agents

Traditional approaches to computer ethics regard computers as tools, andfocus, therefore, on the ethics of their use. Alternatively, computer ethicsmight instead be understood as a study of the ethics of computationalagents, exploring, for example, the different characteristics and behaviorsthat might benefit such an agent in accomplishing its goals. In this paper,I identify a list of characteristics of computational agents that facilitatetheir pursuit of their end, and claim that these characteristics can beunderstood as virtues within a framework of virtue ethics. This frameworkincludes four broad categories – agentive, social, environmental, and moral– each of which can be understood as a spectrum of virtues rangingbetween two extreme subcategories. Although the use of a virtue frameworkis metaphorical rather than literal, I argue that by providing a frameworkfor identifying and critiquing assumptions about what a `good' computer is,a study of android arete provides focus and direction to the developmentof future computational agents.     

Does gender matter in computer ethics?

Computer ethics is a relatively young discipline,hence it needs time both for reflection and forexploring alternative ethical standpoints in buildingup its own theoretical framework. Feminist ethics isoffered as one such alternative particularly to informissues of equality and power. We argue that feministethics is not narrowly confined to women's issues but is an approach with wider egalitarianapplications. The rise of feminist ethics in relationto feminist theory in general is described and withinthat the work of Gilligan and others on an ethic of care. We argue for the need to connect theory toempirical evidence. Empirical studies of gender andbusiness and computer ethics are reviewed. We noteconcerns with surveying a student audience, the issueof how far questionnaires and interviews can get tothe heart of ethical beliefs and problems ofperforming statistical analyses of quantitative data.Although we recognize them, our own small surveycannot avoid all these problems. Nevertheless byrefining our scenarios we are able to offer analternative reading of a hacking problem in terms ofan ethic of care thereby pointing a way forward forfuture research in computer ethics inspired byfeminist theory.     

CERNET网络发展的竞争优劣势分析

首先介绍了中国教育科研计算机网(CERNET)的发展历程和定位,然后根据国际互联网络发展的相关理论和趋势,从不同的角度出发分析CERNET的优势和劣势,最终得出:CERNET在国家政策、用户群体、硬件建设、科研力量、网站后台硬件设施和数据库等技术的使用方面存在着优势;在CERNET的定位、基础硬件建设、接入方式、对下级用户的支持、网络互联互通、出国带宽、网络资源和地区发展不平衡等方面处于劣势的结论。并根据这一优劣势的分析,提出了相关的意见和建议。     

图书馆采编系统新模式结构的设计与研究

针对某些高校图书馆管理系统的缺陷 ,本文提出合理利用标准书目信息 ,将其转化为初始馆藏书目数据的改造方法 ;同时 ,提出使图书馆采访部与读者进行快速交互的网络系统解决方案     

Beyond Access: Psychosocial Barriers to Computer Literacy

Research consistently indicates that Latinos and African-Americans are less likely to own and use computers than either Caucasians or Asians. While conventional wisdom holds that high computer costs and lack of access are the primary reasons for this discrepancy, my ethnographic research with 100 low-income adults reveals three non-cost-related psychosocial obstacles that significantly undermine motivation for acquiring computer skills: “relevance,” “fear,” and “self-concept.” My research thus suggests that a more complex relationship exists between ethnicity, identity, and attitudes associated with computers than previously examined; this relationship may better explain why some people are choosing not to use computers at this time. My research also indicates that while community technology centers (CTCs) play an important role in helping adults overcome their resistances and achieve computer literacy, they are presently an underutilized resource—less than 5% of San Diegans use them to meet their computing needs. Hence, my research also questions why more residents do not avail themselves of these community resources. I conclude that efforts to increase computer literacy in underserved communities must go beyond physical access and connectivity and consider the role of cultural factors.     

加工贸易下中国双边贸易出口碳排放核算及实证研究

利用世界投入产出表,采取进口国投入产出技术系数和碳排放系数测算了在加工贸易背景下中国对主要贸易国的出口碳排放总量和单位碳排放强度,比较了现有的几种测算方法下中国出口碳排放的差异,分析了加工贸易下影响中国出口碳排放的原因。中国的绿色全要素生产率持续走低,中国高投入低产出的生产状态导致中国的绿色全要素生产率(gtfp1)越低、中间投入占比(interput1)越高,中国的出口碳排放和单位碳排放强度越低。加工贸易进口令中间品生产污染转移至国外,降低了中国的出口碳排放总量和单位强度,验证了中国的"污染天堂"理论并不存在。     

试析利用OhioLINK进行西文图书回溯建库的技巧

本文根据我馆的西文图书回溯建库的实践和经验，对利用OhioLINK的书目Web检索方式的使用方法和技巧进行较为深入详细的介绍，并阐述了在应用OhioLINK下载AMRC数据时应注意的问题。     

过刊全文数据库JSTOR及其特色分析

基于因特网的电子期刊的出版 ,过去比较多地集中在现刊上。但是近年来越来越多的出版商或专业人士意识到 ,实际上许多早年发表的学术论文并没有随着时间的推移而失去其使用价值 ,它们的“有效期”超过人们已有的估计。有统计表明 ,最常被引用的 10篇经济学论文 ,它们的发表时间平均距现在 15年以上 ;而最常被引用的数学论文的发表时间平均距现在 30年以上[1] 。基于这样的认识 ,开始有人把注意力放在学术性期刊过刊全文数据库的开发上 ,例如ElsevierScience出版公司的过刊文档项目(BackfileProject) ,就是要逐步将其出版的所有期刊全部电…     

数字图书馆和医学信息的知识整合

概述数字图书馆的基本概念，探讨医学数字图书馆的知识功能和服务功能，研究知识管理与数字资源的整合理论，分析网上医学信息服务的特点和目前网络信息服务的模式。