图式理论视阈下的英语新闻听力理解策略

图式理论是认知心理语言学的重要理论。该理论认为听力理解不仅要依靠英语词汇、语法等语言知识,还应注重听力材料背景知识、篇章结构等非语言知识。英语新闻内容丰富、体裁多样、时代感强,是听力教学材料的重要组成部分,也是英语专业听力教学中的重、难点。用图式理论来指导英语新闻听力教学具有重要意义。图式理论要求提高学生英语新闻听力策略应从掌握英语新闻词汇特点、了解英语新闻结构以及掌握新闻背景知识三个方面入手。     

高校思想政治理论课教育互动场的构建

高校思想政治理论课教育互动场的构建旨在发挥"群体动力"的作用,具有意识形态性和情感共鸣性。构建高校思想政治理论课教育互动场必须采用一定的教学策略:一是教育互动主体必须是"我—你"关系,二是教育互动内容必须注重个性化,三是教育互动情境必须突出体验性。以"思想道德修养与法律基础"的实际教育设计为例,在构建高校思想政治理论教育互动场中应注重两点:整合教材内容,找到互动源;通过优化多媒体课件、正确发挥教师的作用和开展同伴教育等方式实现多维互动。     

论“加速度”式英语教学模式的理论与实践

在加速度存在的情况下,速度随着时间增加而加快。而在中国目前的英语教学中,每一个阶段和每一类语言知识讲授几乎都是采用同样的节奏和方式逐一进行,忽视了"加速度"的存在。针对英语课堂教学中的这些问题,构建一种全新"加速度"式的英语教学模式。在理论上,要明确"加速度"英语的本质和应用范围,要统一和明确教学目的,要建立"学而思,思而用"的教学方式,创造性地教与学。在教学实践中,典型例子法、数学模型法、逆向思维法、英汉对照法在一定程度上能促进学生创造性思维能力的发展。     

政治理论课“1＋1＋1=45”的课堂教学模式研究

教学模式一直都是政治理论课能否取得课堂实效性的关键,因此,对政治理论课课堂教学模式的研究与探索也从未中断,人们关注的视角从知识课堂到生本课堂,从填鸭课堂到和谐课堂,但如何在课堂四十五分钟内真正实现教师、学生与知识的价值,使学生对于政治理论知识的追求变成自身的意念行为,形成长效机制,则成为本文探索与关注的焦点。     

论陈寅恪史学之方法及其对徽学研究的借鉴价值

作为中国近现代史学转型时期著名的史学大家之一,陈寅恪的整套史学方法都是值得当今史学界借鉴的,特别是其关于敦煌学、藏学研究之方法,即开拓研究新领域、预于时流、关于史料的对比、甄别的＂释证＂、＂补证＂＂、参证＂之方法以及＂了解之同情＂之法,都是值得徽学研究借鉴的。     

从信息论的角度看《浮生六记》中的冗余现象

冗余是语言中一种普遍而固有的特征,是言语交际顺利进行的一个重要原因。语言是信息的载体,翻译是一种跨文化交际,它的本质具有传播性。本文从信息论的角度分析译者如何适当调节原语中本属适度的冗余,使其适合目的语读者的信道容量,从而使跨文化交际顺利完成,起到更好的文化传播作用。     

Resource utilisation and power relations of community sport clubs in the aftermath of natural disasters

Community sport clubs (CSCs) provide a number of benefits to local communities, while confronting challenges with finances and staffing. In Queensland, Australia, these challenges have been compounded by recent natural disasters including widespread flooding that have significantly impacted operations of CSCs. The current research explores the provision of resources to CSCs in the aftermath of flooding events in 2010 and 2011, as well as the influence on power relations between CSCs and resource providers. To address this research purpose, qualitative data were collected across nine site visits (focus groups, interviews) to affected CSCs. The data revealed three resource providers: volunteers and members, partner organisations and government. In addition, the results indicate that relations between CSCs and members and volunteers, partner organisations and government were impacted in different ways. Examples of resource providers wielding power over CSCs due to the provision of resources emerged, along with some evidence of mutual power and dependence and CSCs exerting power over resource providers. The results provide implications for CSC managers to be more proactive in relation to resourcing through developing strategies for network building and improved communication within networks.     

The exclusiveness of group identity in celebrations of team success

Basking in reflected glory (BIRGing) describes individuals’ tendency to publicly affiliate themselves with successful others. Within sport, scholars have provided foundational knowledge pertaining to BIRGing; however, they have not deeply engaged with sport fans to understand the influence of multiple group identities in celebrating team success. Using social identity theory and social identity complexity as theoretical frameworks in the current study, I conduct qualitative research with sport fans to understand how multiple group identities influence fan behaviours in response to team performance. I discover that fans (1) BIRG and blast for an enhanced sense of inclusiveness and distinctiveness, and (2) possess multiple, ordinarily inclusive group identities, which converge into a highly exclusive social identity structure immediately before, during, and after games against rivals. I conclude by discussing the potential theoretical and managerial implications regarding multiple group identities in sport contexts, as well as directions for future research.     

Data assemblages,sentient schools and digitised health and physical education (response to Gard)

Michael Gard raises some important issues in his opinion piece on digitised health and physical education (HPE) in the school setting. His piece represents the beginning of a more critical approach to the instrumental and solutionist perspectives that are currently offered on digitised HPE. Few commentators in education, health promotion or sports studies have begun to realise the extent to which digital data surveillance and analytics are now encroaching into many social institutions and settings and the ways in which actors and agencies in the digital knowledge economy are appropriating these data. Identifying what is happening and the implications for the concepts of selfhood, body and social relations, not to mention the more specific issues of privacy and the commercialisation and exploitation of personal data, requires much greater attention than these issues have previously received in the critical social research literature. While Gard has begun to do this in his article, there is much more to discuss. In this response, I present some discussion that seeks to provide a complementary commentary on the broader context in which digitised HPE is developing and manifesting. Whether or not one takes a position that is techno-utopian, dystopian or somewhere in between, I would argue that to fully understand the social, cultural and political resonances of digitised HPE, such contextualising is vital.     

‘Race’ talk! Tensions and contradictions in sport and PE

Background: The universal sport discourses of meritocracy and equality are so engrained that few challenge them. The most cursory interest in sport, Physical Education (PE), and society will reveal that the lived reality is quite different. Racial disparities in the leadership and administration of sport are commonplace worldwide; yet, from research into ‘race’ in sport and PE, awareness of these issues is widespread, where many know that racism takes place it is generally claimed to be somewhere else or someone else. For many, this racism is part of the game and something to manipulate to steal an advantage; for others, it is trivial. This paper explores the contradictions and tensions of the author’s experience of how sport and PE students talk about ‘race’ and racism. ‘Race’ talk is considered here in the context of passive everyday ‘race’ talk, dominant discourses in sporting cultures, and colour blindness.

Theoretical framework: Drawing on Guinier and Torres’ [2003. The Miner's Canary: Enlisting Race, Resisting Power, Transforming Democracy. London: Harvard University Press] ideas of resistance through political race consciousness and Bonilla-Silva’s [2010. Racism Without Racists: Colour-Blind Racism and the Persistence of Racial Inequality in the United States. Plymouth: Rowan and Littlefield] notion of colour blindness, the semantics of ‘race’ and racialisation in sport and PE are interrogated through the prism of critical race theory (CRT). CRT is used here to centre ‘race’ and racialised relations where disciplines have consciously or otherwise excluded them. Importantly, the centring of ‘race’ by critical race scholars has advanced a strategic and pragmatic engagement with this slippery concept that recognises its paradoxical but symbolic location in society.

Discussion: Before exploring ‘race’ talk in the classroom, using images from the sport media as a pedagogical tool, the paper considers how ‘race’ is recreated and renewed. The paper then turns to explore how the effortless turn to everyday ‘race’ talk in the classroom can be viewed as an opportunity to disrupt racialised assumptions with the potential to implicate those that passively do so. Further, the diagnostic, aspirational, and activist goals of political race consciousness are established as vehicles for a positive sociological experience in the classroom.

Conclusion: The work concludes with a consideration of the uses and dangers of passive ‘race’ talk and the value of a political race consciousness in sport and PE. Part of the explanation for the perpetuation of ‘race’ talk and the relative lack of concern with its impact on education and wider society is focused on how the sovereignty of sport and PE trumps wider social concerns of ‘race’ and racism because of at least four factors: (1) the liberal left discourses of sporting utopianism, (2) the ‘race’ logic that pervades sport, based upon the perceived equal access and fairness of sport as it coalesces with the (3) ‘incontrovertible facts’ of black and white superiority (and inferiority) in certain sports, ergo the racial justifications for patterns of activity in sport and PE, and (4) the racist logic of the Right perpetuated through a biological reductionism in sport and PE discourses.