The fourth dimension: A motoric perspective on the anxiety–performance relationship

This article focuses on raising concern that anxiety–performance relationship theory has insufficiently catered for motoric issues during, primarily, closed and self-paced skill execution (e.g., long jump and javelin throw). Following a review of current theory, we address the under-consideration of motoric issues by extending the three-dimensional model put forward by Cheng, Hardy, and Markland (2009) (‘Toward a three-dimensional conceptualization of performance anxiety: Rationale and initial measurement development, Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 10, 271–278). This fourth dimension, termed skill establishment, comprises the level and consistency of movement automaticity together with a performer's confidence in this specific process, as providing a degree of robustness against negative anxiety effects. To exemplify this motoric influence, we then offer insight regarding current theories’ misrepresentation that a self-focus of attention toward an already well-learned skill always leads to a negative performance effect. In doing so, we draw upon applied literature to distinguish between positive and negative self-foci and suggest that on what and how a performer directs their attention is crucial to the interaction with skill establishment and, therefore, performance. Finally, implications for skill acquisition research are provided. Accordingly, we suggest a positive potential flow from applied/translational to fundamental/theory-generating research in sport which can serve to freshen and usefully redirect investigation into this long-considered but still insufficiently understood concept.     

具分段常数变元的脉冲微分方程的振动性

研究了一类具有分段常数变元的脉冲时滞微分方程的振动性与非振动性。     

矿井多风机风压优化计算机调节系统设计

经过对多风机通风网络分析,利用现有的VNETPC模拟程序,建立了多风机风压优化计算机调节系统.该系统允许计算机自动调整多风机风压,直到各用风地点获得最佳可接受的风量分配为止.     

便携式多参数监护仪的研制

本介绍了一种便携式人体多参数监护仪的研制方法，包括：心电检测、血压检测、血氧饱和度检测、呼吸检测模拟电路的设计，以及存储单元、A／D转换器、USB通讯口等接口模块的设计。     

Voices of teacher candidates of color on white race evasion: ‘I worried about my safety!’

Abstract

This qualitative study investigated the negative impacts minority teacher candidates receive from white teacher candidates in a required multicultural education class. The findings reveal that four teacher candidates of color had difficulty positioning themselves among the overwhelming silencing power of whiteness in the class. The white students were tactful at evading power and race and flattening the existing hierarchical power relations through the discourses of colorblindness and by preying on the minority instructor. Their understanding of diversity was also shallow. On the other hand, the teacher candidates of color were afraid that they might be labeled as the ones who spoke up against the white students and fearful of the possibility of retaliation and ostracism from the white peers. It seems that the teacher education program’s structure allowed the white candidates to impose strong negative peer pressure on the teacher candidates of color.     

紫外分光光度法测定莽草酸的解离常数

根据光度法测定酸解离常数的原理,采用紫外分光光度法测定了莽草酸的解离常数。在选定波长(215、220、224、226、230 nm)处测定不同pH值的莽草酸溶液吸光度值,得到莽草酸的离解常数为3.87±0.08。方法简便,结果可靠。     

新课程改革中教师心理压力探析

新一轮基础教育课程改革在为教师提供更为广阔的发展空间的同时,也给教师的心理带来极大的压力,主要表现为由新旧理念的撞击、教师权威的重构、教师素质的重塑、课程资源的匮乏、教育评价的滞后等因素而引发的矛盾、抵制、失落、沮丧、危机、恐慌等消极心理反应。正确理解教师在新课程实施中产生的这些心理压力,并采取有效的措施缓解其心理压力能确保课程改革的有效实施。     

Rate Control for MPEG-4 Bit Stream

Totransmitthemultimediadataovertheinternet ,pre encodedvideobitstreamsarepreferablebecauseofthelimitofthenetworkbandwidth .Inmostcases ,theencodershouldknowthechannelcharacteristicsinad vanceandencodethemasparameters .Consequently ,theflexibilityisreduced .Theratecontrolisemployedtocontroltheoutputbitrateaccordingtonetworkcondi tions.Forwirelessnetworks ,theirbandwidthsaremuchmorelimitedthanwirenetworks.Soratecontrolbecomesespeciallyimportantfortransmittingmultimediaoverthewirelessdomains[1- …     

用道耳顿分压定律分析大气压强公式的误差

对大气压强公式产生误差的原因进行了分析,指出,由于大气中分子质量不同引起的计算误差是产生误差的主要原因,由此提出公式修正,并给出大气压强公式所适应的范围。     

高压注浆技术对大直径超长嵌岩桩影响性状研究

硬质岩持力层埋藏较深的地区，大直径超长灌注桩在嵌入相对较浅的软质(破碎)岩后，再进行后压浆处理，可以明显提高承载力并减少沉降量。文章通过工程实例测试了在同一个工程场地上两种不同施工工艺的两组试验桩，对其测试数据和试验资料进行分析研究，优化设计方案，缩短工期，节省造价，并得到一些有价值的结论，避免今后类似工程盲目增加桩长、加大嵌入硬质岩深度而造成的工程经济损失。