Eating disorder prevention initiatives for athletes: A review

A substantial amount of evidence suggests that collegiate and elite athletes involved in weight-sensitive sports are at greater risk of developing eating disorders (EDs) than the general population. With the limited effectiveness of treatment for EDs, prevention of EDs has been broadly considered in the literature. The present paper reviewed the existing literature on ED prevention programmes for athletes in order to determine the current status of prevention programmes and recommend future directions. The available literature suggests that selective, primary interventions with multiple targets and an interactive multimodal approach appear most effective. Current challenges in the field, including lack of longitudinal research, hesitation by the sport community to be involved in ED research and poor cross-field communication and collaboration, are also explored. The lack of dissemination of evidence-based prevention programmes and the simultaneous promotion of prevention programmes that have not yet been empirically examined are also discussed. Based on these observations future directions are recommended.     

Effects of high-intensity interval training on cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight/obese women

The purpose of this study was to evaluate two practical interval training protocols on cardiorespiratory fitness, lipids and body composition in overweight/obese women. Thirty women (mean ± SD; weight: 88.1 ± 15.9 kg; BMI: 32.0 ± 6.0 kg · m²) were randomly assigned to ten 1-min high-intensity intervals (90%VO₂ peak, 1 min recovery) or five 2-min high-intensity intervals (80–100% VO₂ peak, 1 min recovery) or control. Peak oxygen uptake (VO₂ peak), peak power output (PPO), body composition and fasting blood lipids were evaluated before and after 3 weeks of training, completed 3 days per week. Results from ANCOVA analyses demonstrated no significant training group differences for any primary variables (P > 0.05). When training groups were collapsed, 1MIN and 2MIN resulted in a significant increase in PPO (?18.9 ± 8.5 watts; P = 0.014) and time to exhaustion (?55.1 ± 16.4 s; P = 0.001); non-significant increase in VO₂ peak (?2.36 ± 1.34 ml · kg^?1 · min^?1; P = 0.185); and a significant decrease in fat mass (FM) (??1.96 ± 0.99 kg; P = 0.011). Short-term interval exercise training may be effective for decreasing FM and improving exercise tolerance in overweight and obese women.     

试论心理学课堂教学运行机制的整体优化

整体优化课堂教学运行机制,是显著提高师范院校公修课心理学教学质量和效率的有效途径。本文运用系统论、控制论和信息论原理,从心理学课堂教学过程的内部结构、运行程序与其功能之间的本质性联系,从课堂教学中的优化控制和课堂教学中信息的优化传递几个方面,探索和论述了优化课堂运行机制,从根本上提高心理学课堂教学质量和效率的问题。     

论“篮板球”在现代篮球竞赛中取胜的积极作用

本文在提出篮板球的有关概念以后,全方位、多层次分析论述了篮板球在现代篮球竞赛中取胜的积极作用,阐明篮板球对篮球策略运用的重要意义。通过对这些问题的分析研究,可以增强读者对篮板球在现代篮球竞赛中取胜的积极作用的信念,明确篮球战术的发展方向。并可作为指导篮球训练与比赛实践的理论参考。     

论文艺创作的空白美及其建构

本文运用艺术哲学和接受美学的方法，对文艺创作空白美产生的原因、空白美的表现形态以及空白美的建构进行了具体的考察和研究，并揭示了空白美在文学艺术发展进程中的独特作用和审美意义。     

影响学生学习心理的因素及对策

探究学生学习心理的特点,对提高课堂教学效率起着积极的作用.教师要提高自身素质,调动学生的学习心理积极性,提高课堂教学质量.     

积极心理学运动及对我国新农村建设的启示

积极心理学是上世纪末兴起的一场心理学运动,积极心理学关注于人所具有的种种美德、积极品质、积极能力和积极潜力等人性中的积极方面,致力于使生活更加富有意义。不管是在发展理念层面,还是在具体的发展战略实施层面,积极心理学的这些主张都对我国今天新农村的建设具有很大的启示意义。     

贾宝玉的女性化心理及其性格

《红楼梦》作者通过对贾宝玉独特心理成长过程的描写 ,揭示了贾宝玉的性格是其独特生理、心理成长的结果 ,又是一种社会影响的结果 ,还是一种传统历史文化的载体 ;正是有了这一女性化心理细致深入的描写才使贾宝玉这一形象更加有血有肉 ,而成为不朽的典型     

《白噪音》中的异化消费

美国当代著名作家唐·德里罗的小说《白噪音》艺术地再现了后现代美国人的生存环境和生存状态。美国消费社会建构的三个关键领域——媒介影像、消费行为和大众文化,成为美国后现代社会的景观。《白噪音》展示了后现代美国社会的两大消费行为——看电视和购物,同时,揭示了美国大众文化甚至学术研究也趋向商业化。这些异化消费使得人们丧失了主体性,陷入了精神空虚、焦虑、孤独与异化,并导致垃圾激增、环境污染和生态灾难。     

关于学生群体荣辱观念与嫉妒心理的研究

嫉妒心理在学生群体中是一个普遍的客观存在,它崇尚价值表现为积极与消极的两重性,与荣辱观相关密切。消极的嫉妒心理以别人的成功为自己的耻辱,放弃自己抵达而去憎恨以至破坏别人。积极嫉妒心理不以别人抵达为耻,创造条件努力使自己抵达为荣。这在本质上是一个树立正确的荣辱观的问题。对学生群体荣辱观念与嫉妒心理及其表征进行初步的研究是必要的。