Students' self-efficacy for science in different school systems

The important role of self-efficacy (SE) in students' motivation, engagement, persistence, and academic achievements has been reconfirmed by ample research, both in general and for STEM disciplines. As most studies focused on traditional school systems, additional research is needed on how science SE develops in different educational environments, which was the goal of this study. Data were collected from 1979 students in Grades 5–9 from 19 traditional, Waldorf, and democratic schools in Israel. Students completed a questionnaire that assessed their science self-efficacy (SSE), general and academic self-efficacy (GASE), and the sources of their SSE: teachers', parents', and peers' social persuasions, vicarious experiences and mastery experiences. Results revealed that SSE and GASE differed in their levels and in the way they changed with grade. These differences, and variations in the roles of the various sources of SSE, appeared to be influenced by the schools' cultures and curricula. Quantitative results are accompanied by verbal illustrative examples from interviews with students and teachers.     

互联网环境下探究式教学模式在英语“听读写”教学中的应用研究

文章以中等职业学校英语课程听读写教学为实例,研究如何在互联网环境下实施听读写探究式教学模式。文章从探究式和教学过程最优化出发,结合中职英语课程本身特点,提出发挥学生自主探究,培养学生自主和终身学习能力,全面提高课堂“听”“读”“写”教学效率的教学模式,旨在为在互联网时代提高中职英语教学探索有益的途径。     

论行政执法工具的规范化

行政执行工具的规范化包括行政执法工具名称的规范化、行政执法工具类别的规范化、行政执法工具使用环节的规范化、行政执法工具承受对象的规范化。对行政执法工具的限制是我国行政法治不可缺少的一个环节，然而，我国现行行政立法在规范行政权时疏于对行政执法工具的规范，致行政执法工具规则要么就事论事、要么内容无序、要么操作性弱等。为此，必须加强行政执法工具的法律控制，使行政执法工具的使用制度化、行政执法工具与行政主体的职权对应化、行政执法工具的运用程序化、行政执法工具的不当使用责任化。     

Early Mathematical Growth: How to Support Young Children’s Mathematical Development

The purpose of this critical analysis was to investigate the young children’s sense of numerical magnitudes and the important attributes of classrooms where children in kindergarten and first grade are exposed to mathematics. This study aimed to offer guidelines that will assist teachers as they teach mathematics to children between the ages of five and seven.     

Empowerment and relationships: A classroom model to enhance student motivation

This project focused on the goal of establishing a classroom model of motivation in which the source of student motivation is based on internal mechanisms or structures, along with the establishment of greater self-regulatory opportunities for students, and which results in greater student empowerment and motivation. One-hundred current elementary and secondary teachers and 100 university preservice teacher education students completed a 40-item Likert-type questionnaire that focused on four classroom dimensions of affirmation, rejection, student empowerment and teacher control. The results of this project suggested that, although veteran and preservice teachers agreed on the need for teacher control in the classroom, there was less agreement about their perceptions of the need to create a classroom environment of positive affirmation and student empowerment. Implications for future research and the need for creating an affirming, empowering, motivational classroom environment are discussed in light of the limitations for teachers and schools to encourage these constructs associated with recent federal legislative policies.     

Genes, environment, and dyslexia the 2005 Norman Geschwind memorial lecture

This article presents an overview of some methods and results from our continuing studies of genetic and environmental influences on dyslexia, and on individual differences across the normal range that have been conducted over the past 25 years in the Colorado Learning Disabilities Research Center (CLDRC) and in related projects. CLDRC investigators compare the similarities of identical twin pairs who share all their genes and fraternal twins who share half their segregating genes to assess the balance of genetic, shared family environment, and nonshared environment influences on dyslexia and on individual differences across the normal range. We have learned that among the children we have studied in Colorado, group deficits in reading (dyslexia) and individual differences in reading across the normal range are primarily due to genetic influences, and these genetic influences are often shared with some of the same genetic influences on deficits and individual differences in language and ADHD. We have also learned from our molecular-genetic linkage studies that there are regions on several chromosomes likely to contain genes that influence dyslexia. Several specific genes within these regions have been tentatively identified through molecular-genetic association analyses, but much more research is needed to understand the pathways among specific genes, regions of noncoding DNA that regulate the activity of those genes, the brain, and dyslexia. I conclude with a discussion of our research on individual differences in early reading development, on the role of early learning constraints in dyslexia, and on how genetic influences are expressed through their interaction and correlation with the environment.     

自动控和理论课程教学改革探索

为了培养学生的创新能力和理论联系实际的能力,我们主要从课程体系、课程内容、教学方法和教学手段等几个方面对自动控制理论课程进行了教学改革,以期提高教学效果。     

数字图书馆建设的难题与解决构想

一些公共图书馆在当前网络环境下,数字化发展仍受诸多因素影响,使得信息资源并不能实现完全共享。文章探讨造成这种现象的主要原因并提出实现信息资源共享的解决办法。     

多媒体环境下的高频电子线路课堂教学探讨

高频电子线路是电子与通信技术专业的一门重要的专业基础课程,同时也是一门理论性、实际性、专业性、实践性很强的课程。随着科学技术的发展,多媒体技术开始逐渐进入高频电子线路课堂教学,极大促进了高频电子线路课堂教学的发展。文章对多媒体环境下高频电子线路课堂教学进行探讨。     

微型四旋翼位姿监测与控制实验系统设计

为掌握微型四旋翼工作原理、姿态监测、系统建模以及位姿在线控制和调试方法,设计了微型四旋翼位姿监测与控制实验系统:软件基于C#、MatLab和MDK开发,能够实现微型四旋翼姿态实时监测、系统仿真、在线调试与控制;硬件包含四旋翼本体、遥控器和调试支架,能够进行微型四旋翼桌面在线调试.依托系统设置了五大项14小项实验内容,实...