基于循证理性决策的英国公共科研管理案例研究——对英国研究理事会的独立审查

分析英国科研与创新发展面临的新形势,以英政府委托保罗.纳斯爵士牵头对英国研究理事会的独立审查为案例,剖析\"互动式参与\"方式下的审查实施过程和基于循证的决策建议,分析独立审查发现和获取的重要线索,研究审查建议对革新优化公共科研治理结构,推动资源整合、促进合作,拉近科研与决策距离的实现途径,总结英国公共科研管理改革新举措,提出对中国推进科技管理改革工作的启示。     

基于循证的理性决策：英国公共科研管理案例研究——对英国研究理事会的独立审查

分析英国科研与创新发展面临的新形势,以英政府委托保罗.纳斯爵士牵头对英国研究理事会的独立审查为案例,剖析了 “互动式参与”方式下的审查实施过程和基于循证的决策建议,分析了独立审查发现和获取的重要线索,研究了审查建议对革新优化公共科研治理结构,推动资源整合、促进合作,拉近科研与决策距离的实现途径,总结了英国公共科研管理改革新举措,提出了对中国推进科技管理改革工作的启示。     

民事案件管辖权审查程序略论——以证据规则之适用为基本维度

由于学界与实务界对管辖之属性存在一定误解,加之管辖与起诉制度本身存在缺陷,导致了管辖权审查司法实践矛盾丛生、程序虚无。因此,应当进行改革。其基本思路是：调整起诉制度,将管辖权之审查移至审判程序中进行,并严格适用证据规则来约束当事人与法官等。     

Thinking with a Theory: Theory-prediction Consistency and Young Children’s Identification of Causality

Theory-testing can only inform scientific inquiry when the prediction of test outcome is based upon the current theory (theory-prediction consistency). This investigation explores children’s theory-prediction consistency in a computer-mediated task in which multiple opportunities were provided to predict outcomes and review theories. An initial correlation study revealed that theory-prediction consistency was associated with children’s success when attempting to identify causation. The second study investigated the effect of goal and a simple intervention upon children’s theory-prediction consistency. The type of goal appeared to have no effect but the intervention, which encouraged the children to use their theory to make predictions, significantly improved their ability to identify cause. Interestingly, it also improved other aspects of their performance – such as encouraging more reflection upon the outcomes of tests. The results imply that poor theory-prediction consistency may be related to difficulties in identifying the type of problem being presented.     

论公诉权谦抑之方法

设立公诉权司法审查机制、建立证据展示制度、适度引入“辩诉交易”、实行公诉人当事人化、建立公诉变更制度、适当限制庭审案件的补充侦查是完善公诉程序的可行性对策。     

Reviews of research on the attitude–behavior relationship and their implications for future environmental education research

Since the early days of the field, attitude–behavior (A–B) relationships have received sustained attention in the evaluation and researching of environmental education (EE). This level of interest extends beyond the field’s scope though, in part due to a certain reliance on theoretical and empirical assertions which claim that attitudes serve as a strong precursor and/or predictor of behavior. In this paper, we consider reviews of studies on the A–B relationship in EE and other fields that routinely challenge such assumptions, leading to the questioning of corresponding foci and commitments for research, evaluation, practice, and development. With key findings from these studies hand, we highlight several insights that may be useful for dispelling some of the folklore about what matters in, and what can be argued with, A–B studies, if we are to develop the design, conduct, reporting, and critique of studies and practices of EE reliant on such relationships.     

新《民事诉讼法》对证据规定的改进、不足及建议

新《民事诉讼法》对证据方面的内容作了较大的改动,增加了电子数据证据,改“鉴定结论”为“鉴定意见”,并且在此基础上对原来的证据排列体系作了调整。为了防止诉讼突袭,还特意规定证据必须经法定程序查证属实,才能作为认定事实的根据。这些改动无疑是一大进步。但同时,我们也发现,新《民事诉讼法》关于证据的规定仍存在一些不足,最主要的是没有彻底解决现行法律关于证据分类前瞻性不足的问题。     

基于证据理论及人工免疫的旋转机械并发故障诊断研究

针对旋转机械并发故障诊断中难以准确诊断出来的实际情况,研究利用证据理论在不确定性的表示、量测和组合方面的优势,并引入了人工免疫系统以弥补证据理论单独诊断时的一些缺陷。将证据理论与人工免疫系统结合起来作为一种解决并发故障的方法,为并发故障的诊断提供了一种新的思路,并且其可行性在试验中得到了的验证。     

《汉语大字典》(第二版)订补十则

《汉语大字典》(第二版)作为大型语文辞书,字形、释义及书证的正确性极其重要。然而,无论是它所收字的字形、释义,还是书证,都存在明显错误或可商榷之处。本文对其中的十处错误进行了详细分析,并提出了修订意见,以供编纂者和修订者参考。     

Evidence based library and information practice: what's in it for you?

With its roots in evidence‐based medicine, Evidence Based Library and Information Practice emerged 15 years ago and, with health librarians leading the way, has since been adopted by librarians and libraries in all sectors. EBLIP is an iterative process that may see you undertaking your own research although most likely, it will see you integrate your experience as a library and information professionals with research evidence generated both within and without the library science sector. As a library and information worker, you can use the Evidence Based Library and Information Practice process to help inform your decision‐making, streamline services and identify ways forward to fit your personal context.