礼貌原则导致的会话“不合作”现象

合作原则和礼貌原则是言语交际中的两大重要原则。因维护礼貌原则导致的会话“不合作”现象,即违背合作原则的各种准则———质的准则、量的准则、方式准则及相关准则的现象大量存在。这种“不合作”只是表面的不合作,是一种策略性的意义表达手段。     

浅谈班主任与家长进行有效沟通的方式

班主任与家长进行有效沟通,要有正确的指导思想,注意交谈的艺术,讲究家访的技巧,善于化解矛盾,巧妙召开家长会.     

论六朝文学集团与赠答诗的关系

六朝赠答诗大为兴盛的一个重要因素就是文学集团的勃发.他们彼此之间唱和往来的创作交流,是赠答诗之所以产生的原动力,文人集团举行的文学集会活动的频繁开展为赠答诗的集体创作提供了更多的机会和场合,而且,文学集团对赠答诗的题材选择与艺术风格都有同气相求的价值取向.     

Boys’ and girls’ conversational participation across four grade levels in Norwegian classrooms: taking the floor or being given the floor?

The participation of girls and boys in teacher‐led classroom conversations in Norway was examined across four grade levels (first, third, sixth and ninth). Boys participated more across all grade levels. The difference in girls’ and boys’ participation was least in the first grade and greatest in the ninth grade. A greater proportion of the girls’ utterances was initiated by the teacher allocating turns. The boys had more overlapping utterances with the teacher and contributed more comments that were not invited by the teacher. The difference in girls’ and boys’ participation was less in a classroom with a female rather than a male teacher. Boys made many uninvited comments in classrooms with male teachers. The discussion draws attention to relationships between conversation participation and learning, between participation and influence, and between participation and developing skills to take the floor in public.     

大学语文“说话”教学初探

让大学生开口说话说好话,从而使他们的口语交际能力得到良好的发展是大学语文教学的一个重要任务。本文从学生的心理障碍、语言基础、实战三个方面阐明如何促进学生敢说话、能说话、会说话。     

会话目的与合作原则的违反

Grice的合作原则与会话含义理论没有说明人们为什么要违反合作原则,Leech的礼貌原则对合作原则违反的解释存在明显不足。通过对不同目的关系下违反合作原则的现象进行分析发现,造成合作原则违反的原因主要有交际能力的不足、目的关系的冲突和修辞目的的需要。说明在交际能力许可的情况下,会话双方的目的关系和发话者的修辞目的是合作原则违反的决定因素。从而得出在交际能力许可的情况下,会话目的是合作原则违反的决定因素的结论。     

基于真实语料的口头话语体裁对比研究——以非正式对话和访谈为例

该文以口头话语体裁研究为切入点,选取口头话语中两种常见的交互性语篇(非正式对话和访谈)为例,从口头话语基本特征以及话轮交替规则(turn-taking rules)和语对(adjacency pairs)等对话理论的角度,分析两种体裁在语言和组织结构上的异同。同时,从语篇功能的角度,阐释了话语语境中人际关系和交际目的的差异对语篇结构产生的影响。该文认为,口头话语体裁的对比研究对进一步了解口头话语体裁本身,以及突出各个话语体裁自身的特点有种重要的作用。     

医患交流中患者扩展回答的会话分析研究

面对医生的确认类提问,患者进行扩展回答是医患交流中一种较为常见的现象.尽管扩展回答在交流层面违背提问对回答的结构限定,而且还占用更多的交流时间,但患者的扩展回答并不是一种消极的交流现象.本文采用会话分析的研究方法,以发生在泌尿外科门诊的医患交流为语料,探究患者扩展回答的具体原因及序列语境,分析扩展回答的价值和意义.通过...     

Perceived conversational ability of task-based chatbots – Which conversational elements influence the success of text-based dialogues?

The use of text-based chatbots offering individual support to customers has increased steadily in recent years. However, thus far, research has focused on comparing text-based chatbots with either each other or with humans, whilst the investigation of task-based dialogues has been scarce. This paper aims to identify the characteristics of dialogues – that is, conversational elements – that lead to a successful task-based conversation. For this purpose, the chatbot, KIM, by MAGGI Kochstudio was used. It was designed to help customers find a recipe tailored to their individual needs. In order to investigate which conversational elements contribute to successful communication between the user and the chatbot KIM, a usability study collecting 123 unstructured dialogues and a scenario-based experiment using four dialogues with 627 respondents was conducted. The quantitative analysis demonstrates that task completion is characterized by a higher perception of the chatbot’s conversational ability and user satisfaction. The chatbot should propose correct recipe suggestions following a short dialogue, without the user needing to provide too much input. Based on these findings, we recommended equipping the skillset of task-based chatbots with elements that will complement their assistive qualities – for example, improved use of standard phrases, and reactions to similar domains and non-requests. Gender-specific differences in task completion should be considered.