学生实践能力的提高与高等学校教学模式的选择和重建

实践能力是保证个体顺利运用已有知识、技能去解决实际问题所必需的生理和心理特征的总和,它由实践动机因素、一般实践能力因素、专项实践能力因素和情境实践能力因素四种基本要素构成。个体实践能力的形成与发展是一个涉及生理成熟、知识与技能掌握、经验获得等多种因素的复杂过程,呈现参与性、自我反思和体悟性、持久性等特征。长期以来,理论教学作为主导型教学模式一直在我国高等学校的教学中占据着核心地位,在这种课程、教学模式设计和评价体系中,学生的实践能力发展问题必然会游离于主导教学模式之外。切实提高大学生的实践能力急需高等院校创造性地选择和重建一批新的教学模式,其中包括问题主导型教学模式、体验——反思型教学模式、案例教学模式和专项技能训练模式等。     

Teacher‐involved conversations with young children during small group activity

This qualitative study examines the conversations of two preschool teachers with two‐ and three‐year‐old children during small‐group activity settings in two high‐quality child development centers. Using interviews, observations and videotaping of small‐group activities, the conversations are characterized in terms of the kind and function of language, the usage of cognitive demands and the reciprocal nature of these conversations. The findings indicate that teachers use declarative statements primarily to manage instruction and encourage language development. While teachers control most conversations, teacher–child reciprocity is evident and more genuine in authentic, teacher‐guided activities. In both classrooms, the language during small‐group activities is characterized as having low cognitive demands. Teachers and teacher educators need to be more cognizant of their language, including its purpose and opportunities to facilitate cognitively challenging conversations with young children. Recommendations for practice are provided.     

浅析战国楚漆器的纹饰

漆器艺术是一门比汉字更为古老的传统艺术文化。战国时期漆器在中国漆器史上是个大发展和极其繁荣的时代。战国时期的漆器以楚国的最为著名。楚漆器更是一种艺术形式和精神内涵、应用与艺术趣味的完美结合。本文从楚漆器所产生的特殊的社会自然环境和楚风浓郁的人文环境入手,从漆器的主要纹饰及其发生机制、器物造型、装饰手法、色彩的运用等方面展开,深入而全面地阐释楚漆器的纹饰的形成的美学意蕴。     

Understanding school attendance: The missing link in “Schooling for All”

India is close to its goal of achieving 100 % school enrolment for children in the age group of 5–16 years. However, this does not correspond with universal school attendance. Not all children who are enrolled attend school regularly. Enrolment is, at best only “nominal” for them. In this study, we examine the ‘demand’ and ‘supply’ side factors behind low attendance by drawing upon a new dataset on adolescents in India- Understanding Adults and Young Adolescents (UDAYA) for Bihar and Uttar Pradesh. Results indicate that girls and older students are more likely to be absent from school. Married girls were more likely to be absent than their unmarried peers. Engaging in unpaid work also deter children from attending school regularly, although surprisingly, there is no significant difference between children who are not working and children engaged in paid work in terms of absenteeism. Religion, affluence, and school type also have a significant influence on attendance. Surprisingly, absenteeism did not emerge to be significant when proficiency in math as a marker of academic performance is taken into consideration. Provisioning of infrastructure can be a particularly effective means towards increasing attendance, as can be the contribution of teachers when considered as positive role models.     

误用检测攻击模式表示技术研究

误用检测技术由于其检测效率高、误报警率低，是目前实际IDS系统主要采用的技术，该技术是采用适当的方法描述已知攻击模式，与已知攻击模式匹配的事件认为是入侵，因此，攻击模式的表达是误用检测的主要研究问题。本文主要总结攻击模式的表示方法，并对各种方法进行分析。     

大学生思想政治教育新模式探索与应用

思想政治教育历来是各国政治上层建筑重点关注的内容之一。针对高校思想政治教育一直收效甚微的现状,本文论述了在实践中获得成功应用的四种思政教育新模式:学生参与式课堂思政教育模式、社会参与式思政教育模式、校外实践式思政教育模式,以及校内互助式思政教育模式,并讨论了应用中的系列问题。     

女性解放运动格局中的中英女性文学

处于西方文化中心的英国女性解放运动与中国的女性解放运动有着不同的格局,这种不同的格局,使中国和英国的女性文学在女性解放运动意义上出现了差异。中国和英国女性共同的受制于男权中心文化的地位又使女性文学在差异中显示出某些方面的趋同。     

试谈英语主位推进程序与翻译关系问题

根据系统功能语法有关主述位的论述以及奈什(Daneès)于1974年提出的三种主位推进程序,本文提出翻译工作者可以依据英汉两种不同语言在主位推进程序方面的异同对原作的信息构建和文体特点进行细致地分析,以便在不违背汉语表达习惯的前提下更加准确、如实地再现原作的信息分布情况。     

言过其实的表现形式——以《红楼梦》为例

同为辞格,我们可以抽象出比喻的基本格式,却很难对夸张进行格式化描写。本文尝试从语义的角度,抽象出夸张的表现形式:1.直接借助数字形式表达的夸张;2.数字形式投射为概念,借助概念表达夸张的语义;3.借助句式表达夸张的语义,主要包括三种基本格式及其变式:“x得y”,“x比y更……”,“x连y还不如”。