中国学校体育课程建设的国际性与民族性发展特征

摘要：近现代以来,中国学校体育课程建设从无到有、由零碎到系统,体育课程建设始终存在国际性（西方化）和民族性（传统体育）两条基本路线。通过文献资料法、逻辑分析法等研究方法,从国际性和民族性两个视角分析中国学校体育课程建设的演进过程,大致可以分为四个阶段：学校体育课程的形成与“体操”盛行;武术成为学校体育课程合法内容与西化程度逐渐提高;传统体育几无建树与国际化建设几经波折;武术等传统体育项目进一步受到重视与国际性建设主导地位形成。对不同阶段的政治、经济和社会历史环境等的分析发现：我国体育课程的国际性与民族性发展呈现出“非同步性”、“社会依赖性”、“差异性”、“长期性与阶段性相统一”以及“科学性与非科学性同在”六方面演进特征。     

Editorial statement

Grounded in the interdisciplinary educational work of Cultural Studies, this paper examines the pedagogical potentials of narrative and performance for the teaching of writing as a mode of public discourse. Guided to address a wide readership, students engage in critical communication aimed at linking self inquiry and narrative discourse to the contextual analysis of the social. Drawing on research findings derived from the undergraduate teaching of cultural criticism as a genre of public writing at Lingnan University, Hong Kong, we look at how educational drama mediates the work of narrative and performative acts involving the young learner-writers and contributes to the shaping of a dialogic mode of address and communication, thus articulating the process and impact of writing to the public-oriented discourse in Cultural Studies education. In light of such acts in critical discourse and imagination targeted at the potential reader, we show how the young writers' own engagement with critical thinking and communication are opened up by drama-in-education adopted in the class, and argue how, in this sense, both writing and its learning process become effective stages in the making of the kind of cultural criticism we want to help students to learn.     

American Commentaries

ABSTRACT

Despite widespread assertions as to the ‘Americanization’ of British culture in the first half of the twentieth century, the true extent of this cultural transfer remains open to question. This article considers what the British people actually knew about ‘America’, its institutions, culture and way of life, in this period through an analysis of coverage of the USA in the British news media (press, newsreels and wireless) in the inter-war years. Specific attention is paid to the attempts of the BBC – in particular through the broadcasting work of Raymond Gram Swing and Alistair Cooke – to provide an understanding of contemporary America beyond the widely cited stereotypes of ‘Chicago gangsters and Hollywood blondes'.     

Do EFL Teachers ‘Critically’ Engage in Cultural Awareness? A Mixed-Method Investigation

ABSTRACT

This study explored 150 EFL teachers’ perceptions of critical cultural awareness (CCA) considering their teaching context, academic degree, and professional development programs. The participants all completed the CCA questionnaire, fifteen of whom also sat a semi-structured qualitative interview. Our findings showed, a) EFL teachers’ perceptions of CCA located at a medium level, b) the PhD participants showed significantly higher engagement in CCA than their BA and MA counterparts, c) private language institute teachers reported higher levels of CCA than their state-run school counterparts and d) local professional development programs did not emphasize culture teaching in general and CCA in particular.     

Mapping cultural assets and evaluating significance: theory,methodology and practice

Over the last decade in the UK, there has been a notable shift in the popularity and use of cultural mapping as a methodology for policy making at a regional and local level. This follows increased demand for an informed framework for planning arts and cultural facilities from local and regional government and from within the cultural sector (Evans, 2008: p. 65). The article begins with an exploration of cultural mapping within cultural policy, which explores the context for the growth in this area of activity, and why this kind of activity appeals to policy makers and organisations. It then goes on to examine four cultural mapping exercises which have been undertaken in recent years in the UK. These studies have been chosen because although they all focus the mapping of cultural assets within a specific geographic area, they differ to one degree or another in purpose, context, definition, geographic scale and methodology. They illustrate the narrow range of approaches deployed in the cultural mapping field in the UK, and as such provide a useful means of critically reviewing their limits as well as highlighting the issues and challenges faced by cultural cartography in practice. The article concludes by considering the type of mapping research that is “allowed” within the discursive confines of consultancy based cultural policy research.     

Museums,schools and geographies of cultural value

This article explores a paradox and a possibility that have emerged from two pieces of policy-related research concerning educational use of museums within England. The paradox relates to the use of museums which, whilst widely perceived as rather elitist institutions, appear from a postcode analysis of school visits to museums to be visited by large numbers of schools located in areas of social deprivation. The present analysis further explores this paradox, drawing on revised postcode analysis and governmental indices of multiple deprivation and income deprivation affecting children. The analysis supports the contention that museums attracted visits from schools located in areas with some of the highest levels of deprivation, although it suggests that this result needs to be considered in relation to regional differences in areas of social deprivation, the location of museums and the differences between individual and area-based measures of deprivation. Attention is then drawn to the potential of considering museums through a geographical perspective, and specifically through Foucault's notions of primary, secondary and tertiary spatializations. It is argued that primary spatializations encompasses how museums are conceptualized and classified; secondary spatializations concern how various elements of museums are articulated together; and tertiary spatializations relate to the placement of museums in wider societal contexts and processes. It is suggested that the postcode analysis of school visits points both to the significance of considering tertiary spatializations relating to the social circumstances of museum visitors but also raised questions concerning primary spatializations of museums. Attention is drawn to changes in the classification and grouping of museums, and how these often encompass geographically based criteria related to the social reach of museums. The article ends by considering the degree to which museums might seek to further change their primary spatialization to reflect tertiary spatializations relating to cultural value.     

文化意象在翻译中的传递

文化意象的翻译是翻译界的难题,地域文化、宗教文化、审美意识、思维方式、以及历史典故等都影响到文化意象的翻译。     

中外文化双向交流中的出口商标翻译

由于文化的差异,在商标翻译中要全面考虑国外消费者的社会文化特点和消费心理,在宣传民族文化和产品特性的同时,追求语言朴实、形象鲜明的商品形象。跨文化交际是动态的,商标的翻译应该考虑文化交流的动态性,走出广告翻译的误区。     

备战2004 年奥运资格赛过程中的文化挑战: 瑞典运动员—俄罗斯教练的个案

所有参与此个案研究的专家们都在瑞典一起工作.此个案是关于协调一名瑞典优秀男子体操运动员和他的俄罗斯教练之间关系的研究.两名俄罗斯同事也一同参与其中,协助专家们的工作.这次合作始于2001年秋末,持续到2003年8月.     

非物质文化遗产视角下我国民间武术的开发

以非物质文化遗产视角,对民间武术开发的重要性及其目前的生存状况进行分析,提出对民间武术文化遗产进行开发。开发对策有培植民间武术传人,开发民间武术文化表现形式及文化空间活动,开展民间武术在学校中的教育,积极利用媒体传播力量。