对教师知识权威之考察

在当今社会和教育发展背景下,教师的知识权威产生了变化,但从实质上看并未消解,教师在教育实践中仍然起着主导性的作用,对此要结合理论分析和实际考察来全面地看待。     

Teaching styles and conceptions of effective teachers: Tibetan and Han Chinese academics compared

The principal objective of this research is to ascertain if the “research–teaching dichotomy” as revealed in the relationship between conceptions of effective teachers and teaching styles among Han Chinese academics can be found among Tibetan academics. As a preliminary objective, this research examines the appropriateness of the Effective Teacher Inventory (Zhang, 2003) for evaluating Tibetan academics' conceptions of effective teachers and compares the conceptions of effective teachers between Tibetan and Han Chinese academics. The Thinking Styles in Teaching Inventory (Grigorenko & Sternberg, 1993) and the Effective Teacher Inventory (Zhang, 2003) were administered to 162 Tibetan academics. For the purpose of comparison, data from 93 Han Chinese academics in Zhang's (2009) study were integrated into the present research.The results warranted two conclusions. First, the Effective Teacher Inventory was appropriate for assessing Tibetan academics' conceptions of effective teachers; and there was no substantial difference in the conceptions of effective teachers between the two samples. Second, as it was among Han Chinese academics, the apparent “research–teaching dichotomy” was identified among Tibetan academics. Limitations and significance of this research are discussed and directions for future research are proposed.     

法国师资培育制度改革简析

二十世纪八十年代末,在教育民主化进程下,法国政府以师资整合和职业培训为导向,对传统的师资培养体制进行改革。然而,新体制的建成虽然改变了旧有师资培育的格局,但过去的问题却以新的方式得以延续。自二十一世纪以来,师资培育体制的性质又发生了新的转型。本文从"教师培训大学学院",这一师资培养机构的历史演变切入,简要分析其产生的背景、形式和内容、目标和问题以及当前的新转向,旨在对二十世纪法国师资培育制度改革的脉络略窥一斑。     

教师道德的自我实践原理

教师道德在最深刻的本质上是教师的自我实践。这是因为,发生于现实历史情境中的教师的教育教学行为,外部行动和内在意义合一,既指向学生,又形成自我。实践的自我是师德的先决条件,同时也是师德的目的。教师通过日常实践确定自身和世界的意义关系。这种实践既不是事先预设规则的直接执行,也非不受约束无原则的任意作为,而是持续发问、行动、创新、再反思,尤其根据实践要求不断开拓视野、增长知识、走向自我觉悟的探求过程。文牍化、口号化师德训令抽空道德实践的情境蕴含,只会造成教师反道德;无条件无凭借的自主发展则无方向无坚守,侵蚀道德反思能力,引发教师随波逐流,两种倾向都应否弃。     

With Tools and Strategies Teachers Use in Online Courses： A Mexican Public University Case

The rapid development of ICT （information technology and communication） in the last two decades has changed society substantially as a whole. For higher education institutions, the external environment pressure to incorporate ICT in their educational and administrative processes has forced them to invest in resources for infrastructure and training. In addition, teachers have found that they can use technology in their teaching, but lack of full knowledge of how to use it effectively from a pedagogical point of view. The incorporation of new education modalities depends largely on the contextual variables prevailing in the institution and teachers. In UABC （Autonomous University of Baja California）, the early days of online education go hack to 1996, so the study period was from 1996 to 2009. An online survey was designed to fmd out the teachers＇ backgrounds and involvement in online education, their experience as online teachers, and the tools and practices used. Of 97 teachers who were identified with some experience in online teaching, 70% responded to the Survey （68）. It was found that the highest percentage （33%） of teachers who responded the survey started teaching online between 2003 and 2006. 56% of teachers have been teaching between one and five online courses. On the other hand, most teachers recognized that 30%-79% of the content of their courses were online based. The most popular learning management system used is moodle followed by blackboard in teachers＇ preference. In general, teachers expressed using the three main communication tools of online education： forums, chat and e-mail, favoring the use of e-mail. The communication slrategies teachers often use in their courses promoted student-student and student-teacher interaction. In their evaluation strategies, most said that they used self-assessment, rubrics and to a lesser extent online exams and co-evaluation. The results show that most teachers who have been involved in online education in UABC campus have expressed havi     

高校青年教师工作满意度研究——以安徽省为例

采用质的研究方法,以安徽高校青年教师为调查对象,通过非正式个人访谈对安徽省高校青年教师的工作满意度进行实证研究。研究发现：在工作与报酬上,民办高校青年教师的工作满意度显著低于公办高校青年教师,而在职称晋级、对上级领导与同事的认知上二者之间不存在显著差异;在工作上,专科高校青年教师的工作满意度显著低于本科高校青年教师,而在报酬、职称晋级、对上级领导与同事的认知上二者之间不存在显著差异;除了在报酬方面有些许出入外,文科与理工科高校青年教师在工作满意度、职称晋级、对上级领导与同事的认知上不存在显著差异。     

心理契约：大学班级管理新境界

心理契约是组织行为中强有力的决定因素,个体只有在高层次心理需求得以满足的前提下,才能最大可能地调动其积极性。班级作为一种社会组织,有必要引进心理契约理论,通过了解大学生心理期望、提升教育管理者素质、实现师生间沟通交流,构建起班级精神,发挥导向、凝聚、激励学生的功能,实现班级管理的高效化,促成班级管理达到一个新境界。     

“做中学”教师培训对教师教学观的影响

本研究采用高凌庵等人设计的《教师教学观调查问卷》,分别对参与和未参与做中学教师培训的76位小学和幼儿园教师进行问卷调查,结果表明参与做中学培训的教师比未参与做中学教师培训的教师更倾向于采取互动发展式的教学方式,且小学教师比幼儿园教师更多地采用了互动发展式教学。这说明做中学培训项目对教师教学观产生了重要影响,采用不同的培训方式可能会促使教师形成不同的教学观。     

幼儿园研讨型公开课存在的问题及其解决对策

为教学研究而组织的研讨型公开课是促进教师专业成长的有效途径.然而当前研讨型公开课在实施过程中存在着教学设计花哨,不能真实反映日常教学状况;课后研讨流于形式,不能围绕一个问题深入开展;研究结果缺乏梳理和总结,不能较大提高研究水平等问题.为真正实现研讨型公开课促进教师专业成长的作用,需要明确各方参与人员的角色定位;课后研讨应由评价教师教学行为向研究儿童、研究教学、教师共同建构实践知识转变;研讨后应有反思和整理,在梳理认识与疑惑的基础上生成下一步研讨的问题.     

陕西省高校学前教育专业教学存在的问题及其解决策略

在国家高度重视和大力发展学前教育事业的背景下,探讨高校学前教育专业的教学现状,对保障我国学前教育师资的培养质量具有重大的现实意义.然而本研究通过问卷调查、深入访谈、现场观摩等方法,发现当前高校学前教育专业教学质量堪忧.以陕西省为例,当前高校学前教育专业教学普遍存在专业教师数量不足、学历层次偏低、专业化水平不高、科研意识和能力匮乏,专业教学经费难以落实、教学资源配置欠缺,教材陈旧、教学内容没有及时更新、教学方法落后、教学效果不理想、教学评价体系不健全等问题.为此,各高校均应提高对学前教育专业的重视程度,加快其专业教师队伍建设,加大专业建设资金投入,从加强教材建设与管理、加快课堂教学改革、完善科学评价体系等方面持续提升专业教学质量.