How the dialectical imperative shapes network news content: The case of CNN vs. the entertainment networks

This essay compares an all news network's (the Cable News Network) response to a news story's dialectical imperative with that of the entertainment networks (ABC, CBS, and NBC). Using the 1988 nominating convention coverage as subject matter, the author applies narrative principles to interpret a content analysis of those telecasts. The results indicate significant distinctions in narrative structure as the entertainment networks aired a “talent‐based” production whereas CNN produced an “event‐based” interpretation of the two conventions.     

学科建设视野下的汉水文化研究

从学科建设的视野看待汉水文化研究,主要涉及其命名、学科定位和学科内容等涉及学科发展的大问题。所以提出“汉水文化”的命名,是因为更符合这一区域属于多种文化特征分布区的现实,更符合我国以水命名的传统,还可以以一个空间上的概念包容其时间上的历史发展。汉水文化的学科定位,首先,应将汉水文化的学科性质界定为以社会科学为主的人文社会科学;其次,在文化学、历史学和地理学这三个学科的互动中,确定汉水文化的学科的综合性、边缘性、应用性性质,而在这种互动中确定文化地理学的立场更为现实。汉水文化的研究内容应从汉水流域及其略略延伸的周边地区的移民迁徙活动和方言、居民的组织方式和风俗习惯、宗教巫术和祭祀、娱乐活动和文艺活动等方面,采用以田野调查为主、结合传统文献的综合研究路径,进而总结出汉水文化的基本模式。     

双关范围新论

双关是一个重要的传统辞格。对双关的范围 ,不同的时代有不同认识 ,一般认为双关存在于词语、句子层面 ,也有学者认为双关存在于语素、词、短语、句子等语言层面。其实双关广泛存在于语言的各级单位 :从语素到语段、语篇。语篇双关是文学文本的重要特征 ,这与人类的交际方式、文本的生成规则和审美需求密切相关。语篇双关的构成手段有自身特点     

基于几何随机图模型的传感器网络拓扑分析

针对随机部署的传感器网络节点位置不规则的问题,根据网络中节点所在的区域、节点的半径和数目建立的几何随机图模型,分析了在节点服从均匀分布的监测区域中,忽略边界效应和考虑边界效应的影响下,节点分布的概率密度函数、节点平均度与节点的数目、半径的关系。由此得到了节点数目和感知半径与网络覆盖率的关系,通过配置的网络参数估计网络预期能达到的服务质量期望。     

Rice yield estimation using remote sensing and simulation model

Remote sensing techniques have the potential to provide information on agricultural crops quantitatively, instantaneously and above all nondestructively over large areas. Crop simulation models describe the relationship between physiological processes in plants and environmental growing conditions. The integration between remote sensing data and crop growth simulation model is an important trend for yield estimation and prediction, since remote sensing can provide information on the actual status of the agricultural crop. In this study, a new model (Rice-SRS) was developed based mainly on ORYZA1 model and modified to accept remote sensing data as input from different sources. The model can accept three kinds of NDVI data: NOAA AVHRR(LAC)-NDVI, NOAA AVHRR(GAC)-NDVI and radiometric measurements-NDVI. The integration between NOAA AVHRR (LAC) data and simulation model as applied to Rice-SRS resulted in accurate estimates for rice yield in the Shaoxing area, reduced the estimating error to 1.027%, 0.794% and (−0.787%) for early, single, and late season respectively. Utilizing NDVI data derived from NOAA AVHRR (GAC) as input in Rice-SRS can yield good estimation for rice yield with the average error (−7.43%). Testing the new model for radiometric measurements showed that the average estimation error for 10 varieties under early rice conditions was less than 1%. Project supported by the National Defense Scientific and Technological Committee of China(No. Y97#14-6-2)     

再论英语词汇教学

讨论英语词汇教与学中所提出的一些问题。首先指出词汇的重要性和选词原则，随后着重研究词汇教什么和怎样教，最后示范词汇教学中最常用的呈现技巧。     

The tension between curriculum coverage and quality learning: The experiences of South African teachers

In South Africa, there is increasing state monitoring of curriculum coverage. This is a response both to classroom research which shows that teachers do not always cover the official curriculum in the specified year and to learners’ poor achievement in international tests. In the province of KwaZulu-Natal from 2013 to 2016, the provincial department of education embarked on a systemic reform programme called Jika iMfundo in 1200 schools, which is focused on improving curriculum management and coverage. We interviewed 29 Heads of Department (who are also teachers) in fifteen schools who had participated in the Jika iMfundo programme for these three years, asking them about their experiences. The findings show that teachers experience tension between the fast pace required by the curriculum trackers and slow pace of learners and they believe that increasing pacing to cover the curriculum hampers the quality of the learning. Teachers also said that the curriculum coverage trackers do not account for different school contexts. We argue that while the programme has provided clear curriculum guidance to teachers who need it, it has not sufficiently acknowledged the huge variation in learners’ competence. Nor has it yet enabled teachers to develop the content knowledge and the pedagogical content knowledge necessary to teach learners who are not at the same grade level (although they are in the same classroom). Curriculum coverage is a necessary, but not sufficient intervention, unless there is also a focus on pedagogy and teaching at the right level. We recommend an intervention that enables teachers to identify individual learner’s existing learning gaps, and equips them to teach at the right level in order to provide learners with opportunities to develop foundational knowledge and skills to succeed in further education, rather than one whose primary focus is only curriculum coverage.     

全覆盖目标下公共图书馆网点设置模型研究

[目的/意义]围绕如何合理构建公共图书馆网点开展研究,为"全覆盖"目标下的公共图书馆服务体系建设提供支持。[方法/过程]通过对实际问题进行数学抽象,分析提出一种基于总分馆体系的网点设置模型。[结果/结论]该模型可解决在既定区域内已有若干图书馆网点的条件下,如何有效设置新网点以实现公共图书馆服务的区域"全覆盖"问题。     

一种面向主题覆盖度与权威度的评审专家推荐模型研究

[目的/意义] 为投稿论文遴选出合适的审稿专家是论文发表过程中关键的一环。随着投稿论文和候选评审专家数量的持续增长,人工指定评审专家的方法在准确性和公平性上的弊端日益显露出来。因此,为进一步提高专家评审的客观性和准确性,笔者从专家知识与专家权威度两个维度对专家建模,并以此为依据为不同主题的投稿论文遴选推荐评审专家。[方法/过程] 首先分析专家知识以及投稿论文的研究内容,并提取两者涉及的多个子研究主题;然后,计算专家知识对投稿论文子主题的覆盖度,并提出融合主题特征与时间特征的权威度算法TTAM来分析专家权威度;最后,提出融合主题覆盖度和专家权威度的专家推荐框架CAUFER,综合考虑覆盖度和权威度两个因素为投稿论文推荐合适的评审专家。[结果/结论] 实验结果表明,与经典的基于向量空间模型、语言模型和作者主题模型3种专家推荐算法相比,笔者提出的算法能够较好地提高专家与投稿论文的匹配度,并可据此追踪专家权威度的变化,刻画专家在特定主题下的权威度,进一步提高专家推荐的准确性和科学性。     

Bias vs. Bias

When Pope Francis, the leader of the Roman Catholic Church, released his encyclical on climate change in June 2015, the Fox News Channel, the most watched cable news network in the United States, faced a dilemma. Some of its news anchors and regular commentators are Catholics, and therefore have a positive bias for the Pope. But the network is also known for its bias against man-made climate change. Guided by cognitive dissonance theory, this study analyzed how Fox News’ anchors and commentators discussed Pope Francis’ stance on climate change. The analysis found a clear ambivalence in their discourse and identified four discursive strategies that they used to navigate discursive dissonance.