基于序列到序列模型的抽象式中文文本摘要研究

[目的/意义]为更好地处理文本摘要任务中的未登录词（out of vocabulary，OOV），同时避免摘要重复，提高文本摘要的质量，本文以解决OOV问题和摘要自我重复问题为研究任务，进行抽象式中文文本摘要研究。[方法/过程]在序列到序列（sequence to sequence，seq2seq）模型的基础上增加指向生成机制和覆盖处理机制，通过指向生成将未登录词拷贝到摘要中以解决未登录词问题，通过覆盖处理避免注意力机制（attention mechanism）反复关注同一位置，以解决重复问题。将本文方法应用到LCSTS中文摘要数据集上进行实验，检验模型效果。[结果/结论]实验结果显示，该模型生成摘要的ROUGE （recall-oriented understudy for gisting evaluation）分数高于传统的seq2seq模型以及抽取式文本摘要模型，表明指向生成和覆盖机制能够有效解决未登录词问题和摘要重复问题，从而显著提升文本摘要质量。     

一种新的网络核心挖掘方法在情报分析中的应用

现代化信息技术和手段在科学情报领域的应用是情报学的重要内容之一。基于社会网络分析的中心性分析,本文提出了一种基于节点核心影响度的网络核心挖掘方法。该方法用中心覆盖性因子和差异因子作为考量标准,从节点联系的覆盖范围、影响程度和与其他节点的差异性三个方面全面衡量网络中的全部节点,从而找出核心节点,并将其应用在网络情报分析中。实验表明该方法具有很高的准确性和很好的合理性。     

When Critical Voices Should Speak Up

Routine journalistic coverage relies heavily on official sources, which are least likely to raise critical questions about the causes and consequences of disasters such as the 2010 BP oil spill. It is possible, though, that disasters—precisely because they are unexpected—at least temporarily dislodge journalistic routines that sideline independent, more critical voices. This study uses Gulf Coast newspaper coverage of the BP oil spill to examine whether there are two discernible stages of crisis reporting, the first marked by the more frequent use of unofficial sources (and thus, a more critical tone to the coverage), followed by a narrowing of those perspectives seen as being legitimate as the official interpretation of the crisis emerges, and journalists index their coverage to match that interpretation.     

‘You Had to Cover Nadia Comaneci’: ‘Points of Change’ in Coverage of Women’s Sport

Abstract

In the 1970s, women’s sport underwent significant change in the United States resulting in an increase of participation opportunities and funding at the interscholastic, intercollegiate, professional and international levels. Yet, media outlets continued to ignore women and, at best, portray them in gender stereotypical ways. Considering the lack of progress for women in sports media coverage, this study employs sport historian Jaime Schultz’s ‘points of change’ framework in order to identify those moments that constituted an ideological shift in the process of covering women’s sport. Drawing upon oral history interviews with journalists who wrote about women’s sport in the 1970s and 1980s, this research provides a deeper look into how journalists experienced and addressed the shifting gender ideologies of the time period. Journalists’ memories, accompanied by their articles, reveal how media practitioners negotiated meanings about femininity and athleticism in response to events that challenged deeply embedded assumptions about gender and its intersections with ethnicity, race and sexuality. This exploratory research, thus, identifies several ‘points of change’ – or points of struggle, conflict and resistance – and calls for a re-periodization of the history of women’s sports coverage.     

Yahoo!的网络信息覆盖率研究

测定了Yahoo!对中国和OECD确定的24个发达国家网络信息的覆盖率。结果显示,Yahoo!对不同国家网络信息的覆盖率存在差异,对中国网络信息的覆盖率是60.24%,而上述25个国家的平均值是71.197%。这表明我国相关部门应从微观和宏观两个层面制订针对主要搜索引擎的优化策略,以提升中国网络信息的影响力和价值。     

基于高分辨卫星影像的城市用地不透水率分析

不透水地面是城市地区的特征，它与总用地的比值～不透水率作为一个重要的城市生态指数常出现于城市水文、城市水质面源污染以及城市植被制图等研究中。本文借助高分辨率卫星影像首次在我国城市中心城区尺度上探索土地利用的不透水性。基于对南京5个典型城市功能区中555个有效用地斑块样本的不透水率数据的分析表明，不同土地利用类型的不透水率在统计上存在显著性差异，建设用地中绿地的不透水率最低（0%～30%），市政设施用地的不透水率最高(80%～100%)，居住与道路广场用地的不透水率接近，而工业用地的不透水率相对较低(40%～75%)，平均城市建设用地不透水率约69%。该结果填补我国城市用地不透水率研究的空白，为城市水文模拟研究提供下垫面参数，并可望用于城市土地利用的生态规划。     

Altmetrics覆盖率影响因素及应用分析

[目的/意义]探讨影响altmetrics覆盖率的因素,为altmetrics在学术评价中的合理使用奠定基础。[方法/过程]基于Web of Science、Altmetric.com以及Mendeley,以5个学科1996-2015年间发表的所有期刊论文为分析对象,探讨学科领域、出版年份、来源期刊、国别、语种5个因素对altmetrics覆盖率的影响。[结果/结论]不同altmetrics指标的覆盖率不同,Mendeley覆盖率最高,Twitter其次,而大多数指标覆盖率很低;在将altmetrics应用于期刊评价时,有必要合理鉴别和排除期刊推广策略导致的高覆盖率现象;以上5个因素均会导致期刊论文的altmetrics覆盖率差异,因此在应用altmetrics时,需要考虑到被评价对象的属性特征,必要时考虑altmetrics在这些影响因素上的标准化。     

Application of WEAP Simulation Model to Hengshui City Water Planning

Like many river basins in China, water resources in the Fudong Pai River are almost fully allocated. This paper seeks to assess and evaluate water resource problems using water evaluation and planning (WEAP) model via its application to Hengshui Basin of Fudong Pai River. This model allows the simulation and analysis of various water allocation scenarios and, above all, scenarios of users' behavior. Water demand management is one of the options discussed in detail. Simulations are proposed for diverse climatic situations from dry years to normal years and results are discussed. Within the limits of data availability, it appears that most water users are not able to meet all their requirements from the river, and that even the ecological reserve will not be fully met during certain years. But the adoption of water demand management procedures offers opportunities for remedying this situation during normal hydrological years. However, it appears that demand management alone will not suffice during dry years. Nevertheless, the ease of use of the model and its user-friendly interfaces make it particularly useful for discussions and dialogue on water resources management among stakeholders.     

燃气管道FL90不停输带压开孔机的改造和使用

不停输带压开孔设备的基本原理和操作步骤,该种作业方式与传统的带(停)气作业相比所具有的优势及 施工注意事项。     

输油泵体精车内孔夹具设计

由于发动机输油泵体内孔加工要确保两孔的孔距精度及孔与平面的垂直度要求,一般夹具难以保证.我们设计的专用夹具是利用夹具体的偏心实现机构180°翻转,一次安装完成两平行孔的加工,很好的解决了输油泵体内孔的加工问题.