Making the most of “external” group members in blended and online environments

Although the importance of boundary spanning in blended and online learning is widely acknowledged, most educational research has ignored whether and how students learn from others outside their assigned group. One potential approach for understanding cross-boundary knowledge sharing is Social Network Analysis (SNA). In this article, we apply four network metrics to unpack how students developed intra- and inter-group learning links, using two exemplary blended case studies in Spain and the UK. Our results indicate that SNA based upon questionnaires can provide researchers some useful indicators for a more fine-grained analysis how students develop these inter- and intra-group learning links, and which cross-boundary links are particularly important for learning performance. The mixed findings between the two case-studies suggest the relevance of pre-existing conditions and learning design. SNA metrics can provide useful information for qualitative follow-up methods, and future interventions using learning analytics approaches.     

研发投资中的媒体角色：基于央企EVA考核的研究

新闻媒体报道对管理层代理行为的影响存在压力效应和声誉效应两种机制。然而,现有关于媒体报道与研发投资关系的研究表明,媒体报道主要通过压力效应减少研发投资。本文以2010年实施的《中央企业负责人经营业绩考核暂行办法》（即经济增加值考核）为自然实验,采用差分法进行检验,发现相对于不受此项制度影响的非央企,央企实行经济增加值考核后,由于经理人的短期业绩压力减少,媒体报道的声誉效应开始凸显,媒体报道对研发投资的影响由考核前的显著负相关变为考核后的显著正相关;央企EVA考核带来的媒体声誉效应在市场化程度更高的地区更明显。这一结果一方面有助于从激励机制的视角深入媒体报道影响公司治理的研究,另一方面有助于从媒体这一外部治理机制的视角丰富高管激励经济后果的研究。     

Ebsco数据库现状调查与统计分析

通过对EBSCO数据库资源进行调查和统计分析,本文对该数据库的学科覆盖、能检索到的全文数据在数据库资源所占的比率、数据库的特色和侧重点等都予以揭示,并且还把该数据库与大多数高校引进其他的数据库的资源重复率做了一个比较.     

科研创新网络中知识扩散演化机制研究

从社会资本视角来看,创新网络中知识扩散的实质是一种社会交换,网络中的知识扩散受社会关系网络中个体位势的影响。研究从微观视角切入,探讨科研网络中的知识主体对其知识扩散的动态影响机制。选取度中心度、Bonacich Power中心度、效率结构洞、中介中心度四种SNA算法,从知识的多样性、传递路径的非确定性和平行复制三个属性对比各SNA算法所暗含的知识扩散特征,对科研网络中知识扩散机制提出假设,选取国内知识管理领域发表于1998-2011年的CSSCI数据,利用Cox比例风险模型构建生存分析模型,研究各SNA算法对该领域知识扩散演化机制的解释程度。研究发现占据"结构洞"位置和度数中心度高的权威个体在知识管理领域知识扩散中发挥最为重要的作用;该领域主要通过团队成员间的平行复制和不同团队间的知识多样化融合来实现知识的扩散与创新。     

串叶松香草水土保持效益的初步研究

本文对串叶松香草的生长性能及土壤的抗冲性、渗透性、贮水量、土壤肥力变化、水土保持作用进行了初步研究,结果表明:串叶松香草覆盖效果好、生物量大(鲜草产量达225 t/(hm2·a)),根系发达。与对照裸地相比,地表径流减少28.36%-45.64%,泥土冲刷量减少58.15%-76.55%。     

Opportunities to Learn and Achievement in Mathematics in a Sample of Sixth Grade Students in Lima, Peru

In recent years, the mathematics achievement of Peruvian students has been evaluated in three national and two international studies. The results in all cases suggest very poor learning. A similar situation is found in many developing countries. In this study, we analyzed the opportunities to learn (OTL) mathematics of sixth grade students from 22 public schools in Lima, Peru. OTL were defined in this study as curriculum coverage, cognitive demand of the tasks posed to the students, percent of mathematical exercises that were correct and quality of feedback. These variables were coded in the workbooks and notebooks of the students, which were gathered at the end of the school year (at the same time, the mathematics achievement test was administered). The results show that: (a) regarding OTL, less than half of the exercises available in the workbooks were solved, teachers overemphasize some topics of the national curriculum ({i.e.} related to Number and Number Sense), they pose tasks that are at very low levels of cognitive demand, and it is common to find mistakes in the students' answers to problems that have no feedback (or even worse, the feedback is wrong); (b) students in relatively poorer, multigrade classrooms have less OTL; (c) OTL, as defined earlier, is positively associated with achievement.A preliminary version of this paper received the Research Medal in the category Knowledge, Education andTechnology at the Annual Meeting of the Global Development Network (GDN) in Cairo, in January 2003.     

隐性采访的合法性问题探讨

隐性采访是非公开身份或采访目的而进行的收集或披露新闻素材的方式,它能真实地采访到公开方式难以获得的新闻素材,将社会丑陋现象曝光,满足了受众的知情权,增强了舆论监督的力度,因而受到各新闻媒体的普遍青睐。但同时,隐性采访是否合法,作为舆论监督手段是否值得提倡的疑问也在学界存在。隐性采访有一定的法律基础,对隐性采访可以有条件地合法化,即隐性采访必须在法律允许的范围内,在道德的约束下采用,必须对其进行严格的限制和规范。