我国聋哑人犯罪的趋势及预防——以青岛市为例

与社会日趋进步、物质生活日趋提高形成了反差,聋哑人犯罪案件逐年呈上升趋势,严重地危害了社会治安和人民生命财产安全,已经成为一个不容忽视的社会问题。文章以青岛市聋哑人犯罪为着眼点,分析了我国目前聋哑人犯罪的新趋势及其原因,并从聋哑人的社会保障制度完善、聋哑人保护的法律制度完善和建立聋哑人犯罪预防体系等方面展开论述,以期为聋哑人犯罪的预防提供参考。     

论不作为犯罪中的作为义务

不作为犯罪的作为义务是不作为犯罪理论的核心问题,是认定不作为犯罪的前提和基础.作为义务有:法律规定的义务,职务或业务要求的义务,先行行为引起的义务.深入研究这三项义务对司法实战大有裨益.     

不纯正不作为犯的等值性

不纯正不作为犯在刑法中没有予以明确的规定,对其的处罚是以作为犯罪的法条定罪处罚的,那么如何实现不作为与作为的等值是一个值得研究的问题。但是通过对不纯正不作为犯的等值性的理论考察,可以发现等值性的认定应该从作为义务以外进行论述。等值性应该有自己的独立的存在地位,从作为义务内部论述等值性是不科学的、也是不完整的。等值性应该从不作为的客观载体,即作为义务的存在、作为义务的强度、危害结果以及实施行为时的客观情状等因素综合判断。     

性犯罪被害人权利保护研究

当前,性犯罪被害人普遍存在诉讼中遭受第二次被害、知情权不完整、民事权利得不到应有的保护等问题。基于性犯罪及被害人受害的特殊性,需加强对性犯罪被害人权利的保护,建立防止性犯罪被害人受到第二次伤害的保护制度,完善性犯罪被害人的知情权,赋予性犯罪被害人的精神损害赔偿请求权。     

诚信教育视角下的大学生健康人格塑造

诚信是中华民族的传统美德,也是当代大学生健康人格的内在要求。诚信教育对大学生健康人格的发展影响重大。从社会、学校、家庭及大学生自我教育等渠道积极塑造当代大学生的健康人格具有重要的现实意义。     

困境与出路：我国性侵运动员犯罪行为的刑事规制探究

近年来,性侵运动员的犯罪行为频发,成为国际社会聚焦的热点。以此审视我国运动员性法益的保护,虽有强奸罪、强制猥亵罪的刑事立法,却缺乏对该犯罪行为特殊性的深入思考,既不能在惩治犯罪人方面达到理想效果,亦不能在预防犯罪方面发挥良好功能。同时,司法中的“以纪代法”、针对性缺乏、未回应被害人需求等诸多问题,亦使该犯罪行为的刑事规制效果大打折扣。所以,在该犯罪立法上应有针对性采用附属刑法进行修正,完善犯罪的特别预防与一般预防制度;司法上,积极回应被害人的诉求,努力克服刑事规制过程中的各种困境,让运动员的性法益得到全面而充分的保护。     

A situational crime prevention analysis of Anglican clergy’s child protective practices

To date, a predominant focus within the field of ‘clerical collar crime’ has revolved around institutional-level church responses to child sexual abuse events, survivors and offenders. Comparatively, little attention has been directed towards the micro-level and in particular, examining clerical responses to child sexual abuse. This article presents empirical findings concerning the ‘everyday’ child protective practices of Anglican clergy in the Diocese of Tasmania, Australia. Research data was acquired through open-ended qualitative interviews conducted with a sample of 34 clergy in a broader study of clerical culture, habitus and life amidst the ‘church abuse crisis’. The framework of Situational Crime Prevention is employed to evaluate the feasibility of clergy’s child-safe practices and comment on how these practices could be further altered through professional development. Research findings demonstrate that clergy possess an active awareness of risk, and execute a series of protective measures to minimise both sexual interactions with children and allegations of impropriety.     

铝合金环槽铆钉连接节点弯矩－转角关系

采用有限元分析方法考察梁和柱的截面尺寸、角型连接件尺寸、铆钉直径及端距等对节点性能的影响,根据计算得到的弯矩-转角曲线拟合出三参数模型中形状系数n 值的近似计算公式。结果表明,柱翼缘厚度和角型件厚度对节点初始刚度和极限承载力影响显著,梁高和铆钉端距的影响次之。形状系数建议公式计算结果与试验结果吻合较好,可为该类连接节点设计方法提供理论依据。     

Disability hate crime: persecuted for difference

This article briefly discusses the long history of violence towards disabled people which sets the context for an analysis of the modern‐day form of violence known as disability hate crime (DHC). People who look or behave differently to others often find themselves victims of violent crimes. The language used to describe disabled people contributes to their diminished position in society. A brief review of definitions of DHC and exploration of news media coverage of the Pilkington and Askew DHC cases are undertaken. Cultural scapegoating of disabled people is discussed. Disabled people are perceived as contributing to their own victimisation, the lack of support afforded to them by society and the failure of systems meant to protect them. As long as disabled people remain outside mainstream society, they are unlikely to achieve the same levels of respect and protection from crime that other groups in society are afforded.     

Childhood trauma and neighborhood-level crime interact in predicting adult posttraumatic stress and major depression symptoms

Previous research has identified several individual-level factors that modify the risk of childhood trauma on adult psychiatric symptoms, including symptoms of major depression (MD) and posttraumatic stress (PTS). Neighborhood-level factors also influence the impact of individual-level exposures on adult psychopathology. However, no prior studies to our knowledge have explored cross-level interactions between childhood trauma and neighborhood-level factors on MD and PTS symptoms. The purpose of this study was therefore to explore cross-level interactions between a neighborhood-level factor – neighborhood-level crime – and childhood trauma on MD and PTS symptoms. Participants in this study (N = 3192) were recruited from a large public hospital, and completed self-report inventories of childhood trauma and MD and PTS symptoms. Participant addresses were mapped onto 2010 census tracts, and data on crime within each tract were collected. Multilevel models found a significant cross-level interaction between childhood trauma and neighborhood crime on MD symptoms, such that the influence of high levels of childhood trauma on MD symptoms was enhanced for participants living in high-crime neighborhoods. Supplementary analyses found variation in the strength of cross-level interaction terms by types of childhood trauma and crime, with the strongest associations including emotional neglect paired with personal and property crime. The results provide preliminary support for interventions that help childhood trauma survivors find housing in less vulnerable neighborhoods and build skills to cope with neighborhood crime.