康德的实践教育学:在“理想”与“科学”之间

康德是伟大的教育学家,他的教育学对后世产生了深远的影响。在康德那里,就教育学的性质而言,教育学是基于实践哲学的实践教育学,没有实践哲学作为根基,也就没有教育学的存在。这一实践教育学又在"理想"与"科学"之间。教育学是"理想",主要体现在康德基于人的所有向善禀赋的完全实现上,而这一实现又只能通过"类的教育"而不能通过"个别的教育",由此康德的教育学具有了一种世界主义的理想色彩。教育学是"科学",主要体现在康德对教育实验、教育方法论的强调,以及对机械的教育学说的批判当中。不过,康德的整全的"人性观"又使得他的"科学"不是严格的"实验科学"。     

带第一特征值的具临界指数的拟线性椭圆方程非平凡弱解存在的一个必要条件

建立了一类带第一特征值λ1的具临界指数的拟线性椭圆方程－Δpu=λ1|u|^p-2u |u|^p^*-1u零边值问题的非平凡弱解存在的一个必要条件。     

Prospective primary teachers’ perceptions about the use of mathematics homework

The benefit of homework (HW) has been the subject of ongoing debate among various stakeholders. Within this debate, and in relation to teacher development, prospective teachers’ views of HW have received limited attention. In this study, we survey primary pre-service teachers’ (‘PSTs’) views of HW use (n = 45 teaching grades 2–5; n = 39 teaching grades 6 and 7) in a single discipline (mathematics) at one large Australian university.

The literature suggests students in upper primary and secondary grades will benefit from the use of mathematics HW. Results of the study, in contrast, suggest our PSTs teaching early primary grades planned to give proportionally (but not significantly) more mathematics HW than those teaching later grades. Reasons for this disparity are discussed. We argue there is a need in teacher development to equip PSTs with a better understanding of how classroom and home-based learning work together in the development of mathematical understanding.     

思辨能力的培养与多模态外语教学设计

CHEN Zhiwu(City Institute,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,Liaoning 116600,China)     

Enhancing the facilitation of online groups in higher education: a review of the literature on face-to-face and online group-facilitation

There still appears to be a gap between what online learning promises and what it can deliver in terms of student learning. Developments in online pedagogies and professional learning appear to lag behind the developments in technology and the promised benefits of technological transformation may not be realised. In this paper, we bring together perspectives that highlight vital aspects of online group-learning by reviewing the group-facilitation literature and the latest online learning literature to interrogate the pedagogical theories and practices currently used in online group-learning in higher education. We specifically focus on the interpersonal interactions between teachers and students, which are described in the online learning literature using the terms instructor immediacy, teaching presence, and social presence. We note differences in the literature regarding how teacher presence is interpreted and enacted and we expound the importance of the personal characteristics of the online teacher. Finally, we provide some signposts that might help course designers and teachers to improve online group learning: the intentional use of effective online learning pedagogies; a deeper understanding of what constitutes teacher presence; and strategies to enact that teacher presence with online groups. Recommendations for further research in online group facilitation are provided.     

论民间伦理的功能

从文化功能的维度审视，民间伦理的社会功能主要表现在四个方面。其一，秩序功能。即在国家秩序尚未出现或在国家秩序难以达到的地方独立发挥其维持社会基本秩序的作用，或作为国家秩序与法律秩序的补充。其二，批判功能。即根据人性和生活实际的需要对国家倡导的正统教化伦理进行解释和修正，并在国家伦理丧失其合理性时，公然提出自己的道德主张。其三。宣泄功能。即通过民间伦理自由自在的言说方式，为民间社会积蓄的生命本能冲动找到一个合法发泄的渠道，避免郁积的生命能量的盲目发泄导致社会秩序的解体。其四，教化功能。即一方面通过民间伦理中那些直接来自于民间的价值观念和行为准则实现民间的自律，而另一方面则吸纳和接受来自于上层教化伦理的指令，协助其教化万民，美化风俗。     

Networking around The Waterhole and other tales: the importance of relationships among texts for reading and related instruction

This article explores ways in which children's picture books form networks of relationships, and their implications for readers and classroom teachers. In this exploration, reading is seen to involve making connections within and beyond the text at hand. These connections, evoked differently across readers, shape readers' interpretations of text. Many possible meanings may arise from just one text, reinforcing the idea that no single correct meaning resides in a text. This article demonstrates tools for exploring textual connections with readers, and the value of such explorations for opening‐up reader interpretations of a text.     

语言僵化现象及其研究

许多第二语言学习者在习得第二语言过程中发生了语言僵化现象 ,即无法继续朝目的语的方向发展 ,因而无法完全达到目标语的能力。引起语言僵化现象的原因是复杂多样的。就其内在及外在因素进行分析 ,揭示语言僵化现象的一般规律 ,从而对第二语言教与学提供启示和参考     

“Critical Thinking”能力培养在经管类本科课程中的实践--以国际人力资源管理课程为例

文章以国际人力资源管理课程为例,探讨将“Critical Thinking”能力培养融入经管类本科课程中的实践方案,阐述了如何采取问题式教学、情景模拟、辩论研讨三种教学策略实现课程教学目标,并以问卷的形式进行教学效果的评估。     

三极管集——基短路后的工作特性分析

从三极管的内部结构、物理特性以及三极管的输出特性分析了三极管集——基短路后的工作特性，从而得出结论：在镜像电流源中，三极管集——基短路后还会有Lc，而且Lc≈βIB。