未被倡导的思想——试论梭罗教育思想及其现实意义

梭罗是美国十九世纪著名文学家、思想家、超验主义杰出代表之一.他的教育思想强调个人能力的全面发展,通过培养动手能力和批判性思维能力,学生从生活和社会实践中获得真知.在科技高度发达的当今世界,梭罗关于个人与社会关系、自然与环境保护、学习与终身教育等观点,对我们具有启发和借鏊作用.     

延括认知假说：认知科学的新范式？

近年来认知科学中出现了一种被称为延括认知假说的新认知观。按照这种观点,人类认知嵌入其中的那个语境就是认知本身的组成部分,认知主体并不是传统认为的人类有机体,而是人类有机体与其认知环境要素共同构成的那个统一体。虽然这种观点对人类认知和智能提出的一些新看法颇具启发意义,也应该给予深入研究,但这种观点存在诸多理论误区,整体上并不成立,更不足以作为认知科学的新研究范式。     

基于生命周期视角的创业政策关键要素探究

在对以往创业政策研究进行梳理的基础上,以生命周期视角分析了创业活动周期中的关键活动,并藉此建立了一个影响创业活动周期的关键因素模型,进而探究了创业政策的着力点和关键驱动因素.最后对国内创业政策现状进行评述并提出针对性的建议.     

HA／CNTs陶瓷材料中CNTs极限含量和最佳含量的探讨

bk羟基磷灰石（Hydroxyapatite,HA）与碳纳米管（carbonnanotubes,CNTs）的热膨胀失配分析入手,分析了HA／CNTs陶瓷材料中碳管的极限含量,计算出碳管的极限含量为31．5vol％。通过实验研究了碳管含量对HA／CNTs陶瓷材料性能的影响。结果表明：当碳管含量为15v01％时,HA／CNTs陶瓷材料获得最佳的增韧效果;当碳管含量超过最佳值时,碳管在材料内部的团聚现象加重,引起材料的相对密度降低,气孔率增大,并导致材料的强度降低。     

具有Sobolev临界指数的半线性椭圆方程的正解

在 R ⁿ中具有光滑边界的有界域Ω内考虑具有Dirichlet边界条件的半线性椭圆方程- Δ u-μ u ｜x｜² =g(x,u)+｜u｜^2*-2u,这里g(x,·)在无穷远处具有次临界增长.由变分法,利用Brézis和Nirenberg "Positive solutions of nonlinear elliptic equations involving critical Sobolev exponents. Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 1983, 36: 437~477" 的思想,证明了正解的存在性.     

风险导向下的关键链多项目能力约束缓冲设置方法

为了更好地处理不确定因素对多项目进展的影响,提出一种风险导向下的关键链多属性缓冲区设置方法,在缓冲区大小确定过程中,综合考虑活动复杂度、活动灵活度、资源紧张度和风险传播危害度等多种项目属性的影响,使缓冲区尺寸更加符合大型科研工程项目实际需要,最后通过仿真实验来验证所提出方法的有效性。研究结果表明,与传统的缓冲区设置方法相比,该方法可以获得更加稳定的项目计划,具有更高的调度效率。     

‘Getting more comfortable in an uncomfortable space’: learning to become an activist researcher in a socially vulnerable sport context

Activist research engages all participants as co-researchers in order to challenge the status quo in hopes of creating spaces in which they will actively participate in their education and feel responsible for their own and others’ learning. There are a number of challenges that researchers might face when engaging in activist research with co-researchers. In that sense, researchers must be open to multiple perspectives and critical attitudes in order to negotiate the challenges that arise in the process. This paper describes the challenges that the lead author faced in learning to become an activist researcher in a socially vulnerable sport context and how these challenges were negotiated. The lead author, supervised by the second author, conducted a six month activist research study in a soccer program in a socially and economically disadvantaged neighborhood in Brazil. Participants included two researchers (lead and second authors), 17 young people, four coaches, a pedagogic coordinator and a social worker as co-researchers. Multiple sources of data were collected, including 38 field journal/observations and audio records of: 18 youth work sessions, 16 coaches’ work sessions, three combined coaches and youth work sessions, and 37 meetings between the lead author and the second author. By using an activist approach four challenges were identified and negotiated: learning to become more comfortable with an activist approach, helping young people to articulate what they know and the researcher to see what they say, valuing co-researchers’ knowledge, and negotiating the culture of sport. We argue that challenges are essential, necessary and significant in an activist research project in order to transform ourselves as researchers and our relationship with others.     

关于俄罗斯宣布承认南奥塞梯和阿布哈兹独立的批评性语篇分析

本文以批评语篇分析理论为基础,应用系统功能语言学的方法,从及物性、情态、引语、分类等方面对中俄英美格五国主流媒体中关于俄宣布承认南奥塞梯和阿布哈兹独立新闻报道进行批评性分析,揭示出新闻所反映的意识形态和立场差异。读者应批判地从媒体中获取信息。     

打开隐秘的“抽屉”——以林白和东西为例看“60年代作家群”的创作特征

东西与林白的作品代表了在经历长时间民族国家文学之后,出现在中国文坛上的“60年代出生作家群”秉持着“私人叙事”的创作特征,在他们远离意识形态的同时又无法抛却个人对历史的记忆。文学在他们手里的坚韧,也展示了文学的现在与未来。     

'What lay ahead ...': a media portrayal of disability and assisted suicide

Our society treats people with disabilities in an inequitable manner when compared with non-disabled people. This marginalisation is especially telling in the area of end-of-life issues. The confounding of disability with terminal illness can support practices of encouraging death via assisted suicide and other means for people who, although vulnerable, are not at the end of their lives. The purpose of this paper is to examine a series of news articles covering a Canadian story of assisted suicide. From 2004–2006, newspapers followed the case of Marielle Houle, a mother accused of assisting her son in committing suicide. Although he had a disabling condition at the time of his death, Fariala was not at the end of his life. We use the analytical framework of critical discourse analysis to understand what role, if any, the press played in creating and reinforcing larger societal assumptions about living and dying with a disability.