改进挣值法在大型科研项目进度—成本管理的应用

采用一种基于关键线路的改进挣值法,通过在某大型科研项目实施管理中的应用,印证改进的必要性和良好的管理效果。     

Reconsidering the social and economic purposes of higher education

In this article I seek to reconsider the social and economic purposes of higher education. It begins with the premise that there appears to be a general trend towards governments positioning higher education primarily in terms of the economic role that it can fulfil. Such a trend, however, has attracted considerable criticism. In this article I argue that the problem for higher education is not it having an economic role, but the narrowness of the way in which that role is often conceptualised. Drawing on critical theory I explore the interrelation of economic and social factors within higher education and the wider society in which it is situated. This article argues for a redefinition of the purposes of higher education to ensure that both universities and workplaces are sites of human creativity and that the profound and exciting work within institutions of higher education benefits all members of society.     

临界频率和非临界频率——频率和语法化关系的重新审视

以往人们对频率—语法化关系的研究多建立在笼统意义的频率基础上,这在理论和实证上都遇到了问题。频率对语法化的影响是通过语用推理来实现的,因而有必要区分语法化项在具备语用推理条件和不具备语用推理条件两种环境下的频率,即临界频率和非临界频率。语法化受到前者的直接推动,但与后者并无关联。     

Gender attitudes in school have changed mainly in peer relational factors over a period of 35 years

The aim of the study is to compare gender patterns of student attitudes toward school, teachers and peers in grade 6 over time. In 1967–68 and in 2003, 1500 pupils responded to the same 40‐item questionnaire. A confirmatory factor analysis was applied. In the gender comparison the within‐class level was used. The more traditional school factors, Interest in School, View of Teacher, and Work Atmosphere, showed no differences between the two time periods. The factor Interest in School showed that girls were more positive than boys. In contrast to this, changes with more positive attitudes had occurred especially in boys’ peer relational factors. In Relations with Classmates and in View of Fuss, the scores were now equal between the two genders, but in View of Peers, and Lack of Anxiety the boys’ attitudinal scores were significantly higher than those of the girls.     

论外语专业学生思辨能力的培养

文章从思辨能力培养的重要性谈我国外语专业学生思辨能力的培养,介绍了文秋芳（2008）高层次思维能力层级理论模型,认为该模型是指导我国外语专业学生思辨能力培养的具体、可操作模型。在教学实践中认为,必须读、思、辩结合,以思为主,注重语言输入。     

The disaster of the ‘self‐managing school’ – genesis,trajectory, undisclosed agenda,and effects

Sometimes an educational idea is inexplicably adopted around the world with remarkable speed and consistency and in the absence of a proper evidence base or with little regard or respect for teachers, students or learning. This paper examines what has arguably been the most contentious and virulent educational reform of the past half‐century. Variously labelled, in what amounts to the self‐managing school, what this reform has done is virtually dismantle public education and privatise it without public debate or proper scrutiny. This paper considers the alleged claims by the enthusiastic proponents and examines what has subsequently transpired, particularly in respect of the most disadvantaged students and the broader mission of improved learning.     

Reclaiming nostalgia in educational politics and practice: counter-memory,aporetic mourning,and critical pedagogy

In this essay, the author attempts to complicate the reading of nostalgia in the cultural politics of education, arguing that the blind rhetoric of nostalgia for an idealized past can and should be critiqued in productive ways. Despite some literature addressing the consequences of nostalgia in the context of teaching, little has been done towards the direction of critically examining nostalgia in relation to the controversial issues of national memory and historical trauma and how those influence educational politics and practice. Central to the author's argument is that nostalgia has multiple meanings, some of which promote nationalist agendas while others offer opportunities for transformation. One way to begin the process of reclaiming nostalgia in education is to shift the discourse from restorative nostalgia to reflective nostalgia. The constructs of counter-memory and aporetic mourning provide useful theoretical lenses through which reflective nostalgia can promote productive ways of addressing national memory and historical trauma.     

Freirean critical pedagogy’s challenge to interfaith education: what is interfaith? What is education?

Interfaith education has been boosted recently by the imprimatur of current and previous political world leaders. However, a critical analysis of what makes good interfaith education is yet to emerge. Indeed the attention may distract from the effort needed to ensure positive outcomes. This paper questions whether the uncritical nature of some interfaith education initiatives encourages the continuation of cultural and theological bias. Critical social theorist Paulo Freire viewed education as an opportunity for social evolution. His pedagogy of freedom relied on the idea that no knowledge is out of bounds and that such freedom nurtured the security to greet difference with humility. This paper examines some Australian approaches to interfaith education in light of Freire’s challenge. It questions the persistence of an Abrahamic skew and calls for a more critical approach to differences of belief.     

化学概念教学的关键期探析

通过对化学概念关键期研究进行调查与分析,发现学生学习化学概念存在着前概念的影响;认为初三是学习化学概念的启蒙期,初三到高一为化学概念的衔接期,高一为化学概念入门关键期,高二为化学概念低潮期,高三为化学概念的系统化结构化的升华期。把握化学概念各关键期教学的特点和规律,有助于收到事半功倍的教学效果。     

工程心理学作用、地位和进展

工程心理学研究人机系统中人的心理特征、行为规律以及人与机器和环境的相互作用。作为一门较新的心理学分支学科,正随着当今社会信息化程度的提高而逐渐被人们所重视。本文概括性地介绍了工程心理学的研究对象、核心科学问题及其在国内外的发展历程。从作业者的认知操作与工作绩效,情境意识、心理负荷与自动化,以及人机交互这三个工程心理学研究的主要领域对其研究内容与进展进行了介绍,并对学科研究方法的进展及其在工业产品设计与军事领域的应用进行了总结。最后,本文从理论和应用两方面对未来工程心理学的发展提出了建议和展望。