从批判性思维培养的视角看中美语文教材的差异——PISA测试结果的启示

批判性思维是语文素养的重要能力,而阅读是语文教学的核心。国际能力测试PISA显示,我国学生阅读总体水平世界第一,但与批判性思维相关的部分成绩较低。这种现象引起了学界的广泛重视。我国教材在自然描写、情感道德、历史文化传统、爱国主义、生活知识与技能等方面的比例与美国的教材显著不同;在连续性文本和非连续性文本比例上也与美国差异巨大。阅读内容及其文本形式关乎我国学生阅读能力中批判性思维的培养。建议教材中增加与学生生活、社会现实问题联系密切的以非连续性文本形式呈现的内容。     

批判性借鉴：美国进步主义运动中的行政变革

简述了美国进步主义运动中行政变革的内容。分析了其行政变革特点：社会各阶层合力推动行政变革;行政变革的方式整体上比较理性有序;行政变革适应了经济社会转型的需要;行政变革是对基本宪政框架的调整和完善。最后强调美国进步主义行政变革的成功经验可以给我们以有益启发或借鉴,但中美两国国情有根本性的差别,必须批判性的借鉴其成功经验。     

信息来源视角下的新闻语篇解读——以《华盛顿邮报》与《中国日报》的两则同题报道为例

本文意在从批评话语分析的视角解读《华盛顿邮报》和《中国日报》对米歇尔访华的预告,比较两则报道在信息来源这一语篇构建策略使用上的异同,揭示记者是如何运用该策略表达自己的情感态度,将读者引向报道的预设立场,改变读者的认知。     

反思性教学在思政课教学实践中的应用

思想政治理论课教师除了能够获得反思性教学的有益尝试和成长经验外,同时也会产生一些疑问和困惑,包括思政课教师在反思性教学理念上明显存在差异;反思性教学对教师素质提出的更高要求与教师实际素质水平之间产生的矛盾;反思性教学是思政课教学的目的,还是手段的争论等。因此,思政课教师们必须首先具备起必要的批判精神,才能指导自己去正确地认识、理解和运用反思性教学。     

“It’s not them,it’s me”: competing discourses in one aspiring teacher’s talk

In this paper, we deploy M.M. Bakhtin’s notions about how language works to understand aspiring teachers’ struggles about the intersecting roles race, class, gender, language background, and sexual orientation play in students’ school lives and learning. Through life-history interviews and document analysis, we investigated the authoritative and internally persuasive discourses one aspiring teacher brought with her and took from a 15-week long course on a predominantly White Midwestern public university campus. Ideas she encountered in the course and its required tutoring component challenged her thinking about how various facets of people’s lives (such as those we list above) and the contexts in which they live, work and are schooled, affect how they are perceived, what they know, and can do.     

The politics of naming: critiquing “learner-centred” and “teacher as facilitator” in English language and humanities classrooms

“Learner-centred” and “teacher as facilitator,” among the most influential concepts (re)shaping education over the past decades, are often represented as bringing democratic participation, equality, and empowerment to learners and helping transform and liberate societies. At the same time, these concepts are constructed in binary terms with “teacher-centred” and “teacher as authority” projecting the two ends as being mutually exclusive. Drawing on data collected through interviews and scholarly works from teachers teaching Humanities and Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) in Asian and English-speaking Western universities, this article examines their positionings, mode, and form of critique/criticality of learner-centred education. It demonstrates in what ways equality as the starting point (Ranciere) is not embedded in how learner-centred education has largely been promoted in these contexts. As well, while Ranciere’s concepts of equality and dissensus may empower those seen as marginalised and disadvantaged, these concepts fail to acknowledge the multiplicities and dynamics of positions of those presupposed to be “powerful” and “privileged.”     

Turning Ideologies Inside Out: Developing Young Readers’ Empathy for Critical Voices in Narrative Fiction

This article is located at the crossroads between two distinctive human traits, empathy and rational thought, with narrative emerging as a particularly powerful means to enable young readers to bring them together. Specifically, we discuss the role that critical literary exegesis plays in the development of empathic consciousness in literary readers. The discussion is conducted through the critical narrative discourse analysis of a short story that is widely read by Portuguese young students. The story deals with what has become a living experience for many students – emigration – and puts opposing social ideologies about this experience in a subtle dialogue. Narratological critical analysis provides an essential tool for readers to turn those ideologies inside out. It enables them to escape the main character’s conformist positioning and develop a liberating empathy, and hence a more sensitive perspective about the social reality that the narrator offers for our consideration.     

School Smarts: A Reflection of Pedagogical and Personal Insights

Recent studies show that many college instructors still believe that Latino students lack the “school smarts” for academic success. This essay challenges the notion of school smarts in order to highlight Latino students’ numerous strengths. I share my model for a mentorship program that facilitates better student–faculty communication and deepens a student-centered learning environment in a large general education course. Establishing the program led me to reflect on how the enduring belief in school smarts affected my own academic training. Directly challenging deficit thinking, I argue that Latino students contribute to a transformative educational process in which faculty are also learners.     

哲学为何被误 解简

哲学一方面被认为是脱离现实的高深学问,但同时又被看做是流行的知识,造成这种尴尬处境的原因是我们误解了哲学。哲学思考不是脱离现实的,而是源于人的生活本身。各种流行的知识不仅不是真正的哲学而恰恰是哲学所要批判的。哲学本质上是一种反思性、批判性的思维方式,其表达方式是概念性的。     

翻译教学与思辨能力的培养--基于翻译教学中反思日志作用的思考

通过分析翻译课中的学生反思日志,探索翻译教学中学生思辨能力的培养。抽取了50名英语专业学生所写的100篇翻译反思日志并对翻译各方面的关注情况和反思层面进行分析。结果显示撰写反思日志不仅能提高学生分析、推理和评价等思辨认知能力,也有益于培养学生开放、自信和坚毅等思辨情感特质。