Evaluating the predictability of distance race performance in NCAA cross country and track and field from high school race times in the United States

Successful recruiting for collegiate track & field athletes has become a more competitive and essential component of coaching. This study aims to determine the relationship between race performances of distance runners at the United States high school and National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) levels. Conditional inference classification tree models were built and analysed to predict the probability that runners would qualify for the NCAA Division I National Cross Country Meet and/or the East or West NCAA Division I Outdoor Track & Field Preliminary Round based on their high school race times in the 800 m, 1600 m, and 3200 m. Prediction accuracies of the classification trees ranged from 60.0 to 76.6 percent. The models produced the most reliable estimates for predicting qualifiers in cross country, the 1500 m, and the 800 m for females and cross country, the 5000 m, and the 800 m for males. NCAA track & field coaches can use the results from this study as a guideline for recruiting decisions. Additionally, future studies can apply the methodological foundations of this research to predicting race performances set at different metrics, such as national meets in other countries or Olympic qualifications, from previous race data.     

身体、自然与东方性：从民间跨界 格斗看传统武术的本质

马保国与王庆民的格斗赛属于跨界格斗。从本质上说，跨界格斗是对体育精神的一种背离。从观剧学的角度看，跨界格斗是喜剧而非悲剧。跨界格斗显示了中国人喜好热闹而不爱科学的习惯，反映的是中国人的社会性好奇心。跨界格斗有充足的人类学意义，而无任何体育学的意义。其所体现的是一种人在自然形态下的假设能力，而非体育语境中的比赛能力。跨界格斗的文明性要大于文化性，娱乐性大于体育性，假设性大于实践性，仪式性大于自然性。     

对竞技能力结构模型方法演进的思考

采用文献资料法和调查分析法对竞技能力结构模型方法进行研究，借用分类学、本体论、方法论等哲学视角观察竞技能力结构模型方法演进过程中理论活力丧失的问题及三类主要现象。认为，越界阐释是模型方法要素的关系混淆所致，主要是相关关系被误用为因果关系；复杂化是认知主体对模型的简单化需求所致；原型缺位是由于对模型本体认识模糊，进而引起模型方法的使用路径失当。提出，理论要贴合实践，重视学科的基本问题，回到学科逻辑起点，改变过去以“学科构建”为重心的发展轨迹，高度重视批判性研究；从源头找突破口，突破原有理论框架的藩篱，进行颠覆性创新。     

Twenty years on: The rationale and use of the clinical cross-sectional orientation in neuroanatomy

Twenty years ago, it was noted that with the advent of computed tomography (CT), the orientation of neuroanatomy should change. Radiologists had standardized the clinical cross-sectional view to indicate an inferior view with posterior at the bottom of the field. This is in contrast with the neuroanatomical cross-sectional view with posterior at the top of the field. For the past 10 years, the author has taught all of the anatomical disciplines including neuroanatomy to more than 2000 students using only the clinical view. This makes learning easier for the students by keeping all of their cross-sectional views in the same orientation including clinical, radiological, anatomical, embryological, and neuroanatomical. There have been no adverse effects associated with the use of the clinical orientation and there appears to be no valid reason for maintaining the older, nonclinical orientation in contemporary health-care education.     

探索我国信息技术体系的自立自强之路——兼序“构建自立自强的信息技术体系”专题

高水平科技自立自强不是靠单项技术,而是要形成强大的国家技术体系,即"国家平台"。信息技术3.0(IT3.0)时代一定会产生不同于IT 1.0和IT 2.0时代的新技术体系,这是中国构建自立自强信息技术体系的难得机遇。未来的信息技术产业生态将朝着领域专用、百花齐放的方向发展,中国的优势将在未来的竞争中充分体现。构建信息技术体系应重视5个原则:(1)正确处理自立自强与开放合作的辩证统一关系;(2)以系统结构创新为主,重在跨层纵向整合;(3)发展开源生态,构建技术命运共同体;(4)重点发展领域专用产业生态;(5)大力发展敏捷设计和敏捷制造。文章还简要介绍了《中国科学院院刊》"构建自立自强的信息技术体系"专题的8篇文章,这些文章侧重于技术方向和科研模式的选择,一定程度上反映了我国科技人员探索建立信息技术新体系的努力踪迹和期望的愿景。