Worn Grooves

Drawing from visual, material and written archival sources, this article critically explores some of the functions, uses and perceived values of recorded sound during the First World War and in its aftermath. An instrument of communication as well as commemoration, the gramophone helped bridge geographical (and, in some cases, cultural) distances between the home front and the rear, providing civilians with the fleeting illusion of presence, proximity, or even sentimental communion with the front. The article analyses (a) the affective and connective, but also propagandist, values of commercial wartime recordings as they circulated between the home and the front, (b) the popular notion of gramophones as regulatory instruments of civilisation, (c) the commemorative exploitations of recorded sound in the interwar period. The article focuses on the British experience, contrasting it with examples drawn from French and German experiences.     

文学翻译中文化因素的把握——杨宪益、戴乃迭所译《儒林外史》点评

文学翻译中对文化因素的把握是一个重要问题。本文从这一角度出发,对清朝吴敬梓所著《儒林外史》和杨宪益、戴乃迭夫妇的英译本进行比较,指出译文在文化因素的把握处理方面有几个值得再加斟酌之处,并予以分析说明,以期在文学翻译中文化因素能得到进一步的重视及更为妥善的处理。     

The ‘Leeds Lake District’: Water Supply,Rural Environment,and the Cultural Landscape in Victorian and Edwardian Britain

ABSTRACT

This article highlights the benefits of cultural readings of the environment by showing how the reservoirs of the Washburn Valley, built by the Leeds Corporation between 1869 and 1879 and vital sources of potable water for the urban population, altered the area’s cultural landscape. An examination of Leeds-based newspapers and locally published guidebooks will show how the reservoirs positively affected Romantic depictions of the area, whilst the use of the phrase ‘the Leeds Lake District’ fabricated a sense of civic pride between the town and its hinterland, an area positively affected by the implementation of urban engineering.     

非汉文化圈留学生汉字习得的几点探索

在汉语预科教学中,汉语强化教学是最重要的组成部分,而在汉语强化教学中,汉字是亟待突破的一个难题,尤其是针对非汉文化圈国家的留学生,如何帮助这部分学生高效习得汉字对于汉语预科教学具有突破性的意义。针对非汉文化圈国家的留学生所面临的汉字学习难问题,本文将根据已有的教学理论和探索实践,提出几点针对汉字教学模式的改革,帮助留学生尽快度过汉字学习的困难阶段,从而将汉字的学习转化成一种自然的习得。     

Expanding opportunities to learn to support inclusive education through drama‐enhanced literacy practices

This study examines how the Early Years Educators at Play (EYEPlay) professional development (PD) programme supported inclusive learning settings for all children, including English language learners and students with disabilities. The EYEPlay PD model is a year‐long programme that integrates drama strategies into literacy practices within real‐classroom contexts. Inclusive education refers to ensuring equal opportunities to access and participation in learning activities for all students. Cultural‐historical activity theory was used to understand and unpack the drama practices. Twelve semi‐structured focus group interviews were conducted with 19 preschool teachers. The data were analysed via constant‐comparative and interpretive methods. The study findings showed that EYEPlay PD practices enhanced inclusive learning settings for diverse groups of students by increasing access and expanding opportunities to learn, and supporting a positive learning environment.     

The Impact of Workplace Bullying on Primary School Teachers and Principals

While previous research has consistently cited education as a high risk profession for negative workplace relationships, there has been little consideration of the impact of workplace bullying for those involved. This paper seeks to address this lacuna through the analysis of 24, in-depth interviews with self-identified victims of workplace bullying who work, or have worked, in primary schools. The study reveals the profound physical, psychological, social, and economic effects of these toxic behaviors upon the interviewees, along with the resistance strategies they employed to help them cope with their experiences. Through a lens of Foucauldian conceptualisation of power, this study explores the broader implications for school organizational culture, as well as for individual teachers and the pupils they teach.     

Teaching skills of student teachers: Calibration of an evaluation instrument and its value in predicting student academic engagement

Student teachers are expected to develop their teaching skills sooner and more rapidly. However, a sound evaluation instrument that can be used to diagnose and monitor the skilfulness level to aid formative assessment of student teachers is still limited. This article is aimed to calibrate and validate a teaching skill evaluation instrument for use in secondary education. A total of 264 student teachers in the Netherlands participated in the study. Rasch and multilevel analyses were used. Results suggest that the evaluation instrument meets the restrictive assumptions of the Rasch model and has predictive value for academic engagement. This adds validation evidence and justifies the calibration of the evaluation instrument to be used for monitoring the development of teacher's teaching skills.     

跨文化交际背景下的涉外商务礼品馈赠分析

商务往来中的文化冲击给涉外礼品馈赠带来诸多问题。文化交流中产生差异的根源是民族中心主义,通过以日本、德国等国家存在的典型文化差异为例,阐述文化四维论对涉外礼品赠送产生的指导意义。     

理解公共文化服务：资金、人才与市场化道路的分歧

围绕公共文化服务建设,相关研究成果数量呈现快速增长趋势。但是关于推进公共文化服务的具体主张,则呈现出外在集中性、一致性与潜在矛盾性并存的格局。因此,在对相关研究成果特别是其主张进行梳理的基础上,揭示当前学界研究的主要观点及其内在的可能分歧或矛盾,对于推进公共文化服务研究及实践有着基础性作用。     

‘Before I realised they were all women… I expected it to be more about materials’: Art,Gender and Tacit Subjectivity

This article discusses a critical discourse analysis research activity undertaken with a group of undergraduate primary trainees with an art specialism. The research activity involved the use of two contrasting texts discussing the work of Karla Black, Becky Beasley and Claire Barclay. The article explores how the positioning of the two texts affected the student teachers’ ability to engage effectively with ‘women's art’ on a personal and critical level, revealing some highly subjective views and raising questions around intertextuality; particularly how an individual's understanding of contexts, meanings and histories can inform collective interpretation and highlight existing subjectivity. The article subsequently identifies that although students were keen to talk about careful selection of texts, the benefits of using multiple sources and the risks of intertextual and ‘subliminal’ contamination, they were unable to reflect critically upon their own gendered reading of the texts. It concludes that this may well be a signifier of the problem – that the student teachers did not really see a problem at all.