通识教育：美国与中国

本文是甘阳教授2007年6月14日在复旦大学演讲的整理稿,演讲以美国大学的通识教育为参照,讨论了中国大学推进通识教育的一些重要原则问题,提出了通识教育课程改革的若干意见.     

Genetic analysis for brix weight per stool and its component traits in sugarcane （Saccharum officinarum）

Brix weight per stool (BW) of sugarcane is a complex trait, which is the final product of a combination of many components. Diallel cross experiments were conducted during a period of two years for BW and its five component traits, including stalk diameter (SD), stalk length (SL), stalk number (SN), stalk weight (SW), and brix scale (BS) of sugarcane. Phenotypic data of all the six traits were analyzed by mixed linear model and their phenotype variances were portioned into additive (A),dominance (D), additive×environment interaction (AE) and dominance×environment interaction (DE) effects, and the correlations of A, D, AE and DE effects between BW and its components were estimated. Conditional analysis was employed to investigate the contribution of the components traits to the variances of A, D, AE and DE effects of BW. It was observed that the heritabilities of BW were significantly attributed to A, D and DE by 23.9%, 30.9% and 28.5%, respectively. The variance of A effect for BW was significantly affected by SL, SN and BS by 25.3%, 93.7% and 17.4%, respectively. The variances of D and DE effects for BW were also significantly influenced by all the five components by 5.1%～85.5%. These determinants might be helpful in sugarcane breeding and provide valuable information for multiple-trait improvement of BW.     

降低入侵检测系统中漏报和误报率的技术

在一般的IDS中存在着很高的漏报和误报率.从一般入侵检测的原理出发,分析了产生漏报和误报的主要原因,并提出了相应改进方法.     

新课程背景下教师如何备好学生

新课程背景下教师的备课首先必须备好学生.备好学生应做到六个了解,遵循三个原则,掌握五种基本方法,这样才能真正实现"一切为了学生的发展"的素质教育目标,才能更好地作出适合学生发展的课堂教学设计,才能更好地引导和组织学生进行有效课堂教学活动.     

论新课程改革的"软着陆"

新课程改革需要"软着陆",是指课改的进程要减慢速度,课改的实施要稳步成功.钟启泉教授的一篇对新课程改革的总结性《对话》提出的一系列观点,都不利于课程改革的"软着陆",是对课程改革的误导.这些误导表现出了西方后现代理论在中国课程改革中的一种思潮.新课程改革如何"软着陆",这需要以"科学发展观"为指导.     

QTL analysis for some quantitative traits in bread wheat

Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis was conducted in bread wheat for 14 important traits utilizing data from four different mapping populations involving different approaches of QTL analysis. Analysis for grain protein content (GPC) sug- gested that the major part of genetic variation for this trait is due to environmental interactions. In contrast, pre-harvest sprouting tolerance (PHST) was controlled mainly by main effect QTL (M-QTL) with very little genetic variation due to environmental interactions; a major QTL for PHST was detected on chromosome arm 3AL. For grain weight, one QTL each was detected on chromosome arms 1AS, 2BS and 7AS. QTL for 4 growth related traits taken together detected by different methods ranged from 37 to 40; nine QTL that were detected by single-locus as well as two-locus analyses were all M-QTL. Similarly, single-locus and two-locus QTL analyses for seven yield and yield contributing traits in two populations respectively allowed detection of 25 and 50 QTL by composite interval mapping (CIM), 16 and 25 QTL by multiple-trait composite interval mapping (MCIM) and 38 and 37 QTL by two-locus analyses. These studies should prove useful in QTL cloning and wheat improvement through marker aided selection.     

加强会计职业道德建设的途径和方法

阐述了会计职业道德及其建设的重要性,指出了当前会计职业道德的现状并分析了存在问题的原因,提出了加强会计职业道德建设的途径与方法.     

语义成分分析与中诗英译中词语意义的准确把握

词语作为文本信息的载体,使得译者对词语意义的准确把握成为翻译的基础和前提。词义的复杂性又使得译者不得不对原语词语和译语词语进行语义成分分析。翻译中的语义成分分析可以使译者在翻译过程中准确地把握原语词语,从而避免误译。     

趋向义"上"和继续义"上"的对比分析

"上"用在动词后,可以表示趋向义,也可表示继续义.不同义"V上"的差别主要体现在以下几方面后接宾语、能否扩展、能否拆开、"V上"中的"上"能否用"下、起来"等替换.     

Departmental networks—An empirical analysis of career patterns among junior faculty in Germany

By using recruitment data from 60 German departments of business administration, networks are constructed in which the nodes are departments, and two departments are connected if they have either sent or received a scientist from one another. Different concepts of social network analysis are applied to answer a series of questions, such as the number of scientists the business departments produce, to whom they send and from whom they receive their scientists, and which role academic networks play in the career of young scientists in business administration. Regression analysis revealed that network centrality is a robust predictor of departmental reputation. The social network approach can be used to assess reputational differences among business departments, thereby providing an alternative to existing opinion surveys and research rankings.