Factors impacting the rapid transition of anatomy curricula to an online environment in response to Covid-19

Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, many academic institutions had to rapidly transition education to a remote online environment. While a hurdle for most educators, this transition posed an even greater challenge for anatomy educators, many of whom were forced to depart from the traditional cadaver-based laboratory to a virtual format. Recent publications have discussed the rapid transition to online formats necessitated by Covid-19 and the accompanying difficulties, but none have identified specific factors that influenced the difficulty of this transition. Anatomy educators were surveyed to examine how this transition was accomplished and perceived. Of the 165 educators who responded, the majority utilized cadaver-based laboratory instruction. Educators felt that transitioning the laboratory portion of their courses was significantly more difficult and required more time than converting lecture materials. Factors that impacted the difficulty of the transition included a number of pedagogical aspects of the pre-Covid-19 curricula, including the delivery format of prior content, availability of pre-existing electronic materials, and the laboratory technique previously used. Additionally, the length of time an educator had been teaching prior to Covid-19 impacted their perception of difficulty, with newer and more senior educators finding this much more challenging than mid-tenure educators. Ease of transition may be related to previous exposure to curricular reform, experience with multiple anatomy pedagogies, and educator adaptability. While not surprising that converting a cadaver-based laboratory to an online format was challenging, knowledge of the alignment of this difficulty with prior educator pedagogy can help guide future innovations to anatomy education.     

博士生课程参与困境的诱因及其调适 ——基于“双一流”高校教育学博士生的个案研究

博士生群体构成的日益多样化呼唤博士生培养模式的变革。当前博士生课程存在学生参与度低等问题,其合理性正面临挑战。对我国三所“双一流”高校教育学专业博士生的深度访谈发现,课程制度设计的模糊性与有限性导致学生选课决策更多表现为既定约束下的次优博弈。此种选课机制与课程教学质量的不确定性相结合,最终引致学生课堂参与行为的分异。博士生通过旁听、权变等非制度化实践,一定程度上彰显了学习者在教育场域中的能动性。未来,有必要增加博士生课程制度的弹性,重申有效互动的价值。     

研究型大学一流创新团队的形成与发展——以中国科学技术大学量子信息研究团队为例

世界一流大学建设的关键是人才。在创新驱动发展时代,以人才为核心的一流创新团队建设,一定程度上决定着我国在新一轮全球科技竞争中能否赢得主动。中国科学技术大学潘建伟院士领衔的量子信息研究团队敢为人先、开拓进取,经过长期的不懈努力,探索出一条立足中国本土培养世界一流人才的新模式,在量子科技领域实现了从跟跑到领跑的蜕变。总结其成功经验,可归纳为四个方面:注重培育具有世界影响的领军人物;着力构建灵活高效的人才培养与激励机制;科学规划切实可行的阶段科研目标;秉持服务国家、造福人民的使命担当。     

基于任务驱动的小组合作实操训练教学探究

实操训练教学是培养学生装拆设备操作技能的重要途径,传统的教师讲解示范、学生被动模仿操作的教学模式亟待改进。为此,研究了基于任务驱动的小组合作实操训练教学法,建立了实施流程,并分析了实施要点。实操训练教学实践表明,该教学法有利于培养学生的操作技能以及应用理论知识解决实际问题的能力。     

The Nature of Scientific Explanation: Examining the perceptions of the nature,quality, and “goodness” of explanation among college students,science teachers,and scientists

Issues regarding scientific explanation have been of interest to philosophers from Pre-Socratic times. The notion of scientific explanation is of interest not only to philosophers, but also to science educators as is clearly evident in the emphasis given to K-12 students' construction of explanations in current national science education reform efforts. Nonetheless, there is a dearth of research on conceptualizing explanation in science education. Using a philosophically guided framework—the Nature of Scientific Explanation (NOSE) framework—the study aims to elucidate and compare college freshmen science students', secondary science teachers', and practicing scientists' scientific explanations and their views of scientific explanations. In particular, this study aims to: (1) analyze students', teachers', and scientists' scientific explanations; (2) explore the nuances about how freshman students, science teachers, and practicing scientists construct explanations; and (3) elucidate the criteria that participants use in analyzing scientific explanations. In two separate interviews, participants first constructed explanations of everyday scientific phenomena and then provided feedback on the explanations constructed by other participants. Major findings showed that, when analyzed using NOSE framework, participant scientists did significantly “better” than teachers and students. Our analysis revealed that scientists, teachers, and students share a lot of similarities in how they construct their explanations in science. However, they differ in some key dimensions. The present study highlighted the need articulated by many researchers in science education to understand additional aspects specific to scientific explanation. The present findings provide an initial analytical framework for examining students' and science teachers' scientific explanations.     

On Deciding The Aims and Content of Public Schooling

In this paper, John Tillson defends an approach to deciding the aims and content of public schooling from the critique of Public Reason Liberalism. The approach that he defends is an unrestricted pairing of the Epistemic Criterion and of the Momentousness Criterion. On the Epistemic Criterion, public schooling should align students' credence with credibility. On the Momentousness Criterion, public schooling ought to include content that it is costly for children to lack the correct view about, where they are otherwise unlikely to have it. Public Reason Liberals seek to restrict both the Epistemic and Momentousness Criteria to within a range that is acceptable to politically reasonable citizens. In response, Tillson argues, first, that the considerations that encourage Public Reason Liberalism instead motivate unrestricted versions of the Epistemic and Momentousness Criteria; and, second, that Public Reason Liberalism faces a dilemma, that it either entails absurd consequences or must undermine itself in addressing these.     

图书情报学合著网络研究：基于CSSCI基金论文的可视化分析

研究发现,图书情报领域的合著率处于人文社会科学的中等水平,且以2～3人的小规模合著为主导模式;同时发现基金论文有着较高的合著率,基金项目、科研团队、论文产出之间有深刻的内在联系,共同承担重大基金项目往往成为团队形成的内在机制.近年来,图书情报学已经形成“三主多辐”型庞大合著网络,跨省区、跨机构合著、区域学术融合仍亟待加强.     

变革型领导对团队创造力的影响机制研究:团队反思与团队边界管理的中介作用

团队创造力已成为新经济条件下企业获取竞争优势的根源。尽管已有研究发现变革型领导对团队创造力具有促进作用,但其中的具体作用机制并未得到充分诠释。基于文献研究和实际调研,构建包含变革型领导、团队反思、团队边界管理及团队创造力相关关系的理论模型。通过对30家高新技术企业的128个知识型团队的问卷调查研究,结果表明:变革型领导对团队创造力有积极影响;团队反思、团队边界管理在变革型领导与团队创造力之间具有部分中介作用;团队反思对团队边界管理有正向促进作用。因此,为提高团队创造力,领导不但要塑造自身的变革型领导风格,而且应实施团队边界管理,促进团队反思。     

基于项目驱动的DACUM模型Java课程开发建设研究

Java语言是目前流行的一种网络编程语言,但是涉及的知识点多,入门难,高职学生基础较薄弱,学习主动性不太高,容易遇难而退。针对这一问题本文说明了项目驱动教学的重要性,根据DA-CUM模型分析介绍了项目驱动的java课程教学模式,从课程设计、课程群建设、考核方式改革、教学资源建设等方面讨论了项目驱动的DACUM模型Java课程建设应解决的相关问题,给出了贯穿式项目教学的教学设计方案,基于DACUM模型分析设置了java课程群建设相关的java、java高级编程、jsp等系列课程,具体分析并提出了项目驱动的DACUM模型《JAVA编程基础》考核方案。通过实践表明,本文所提出的基于项目驱动的DACUM高职java课程开发与建设,能够有效的加强高职院校对于java课程的教学,具有很强的拓展性,适用性很好。     

虚拟学习社区中团队学习的社会网络分析

运用社会网络分析方法研究虚拟学习社区中团队学习的互动过程具有准确、直观的优点,《在线学习辅导》是英国开放大学和国家开放大学合作课程,其主要学习模式为虚拟学习社区中学习者之间的互动学习,因此,本文尝试应用UCINET软件从网络关系图、中心度分析和个体网指标三类分析指标对该课程进行社会网络分析,以期为今后此类问题的研究探索一个新的思路。