智能车光电传感器和摄像头的选择

智能车设计综合了光学传感器、硬件电路和软件算法等多方面跨领域的知识技巧。本文针对黑白赛道智能车的赛道光学识别模块,系统地介绍了红外反射式光电传感器、激光传感器和可见光摄像头的实现原理及硬件电路;同时结合实际比较了其优缺点。     

取代基酞菁铜的合成与表征

首先以3,6-二羟基邻苯二甲腈和氯代正丁烷为起始反应物,在无水碳酸钾的催化作用下,经亲核取代反应,在DMF（N,N-二甲基甲酰胺）溶剂中合成了中间配体3,6-二丁氧基邻苯二腈,再以此配体和氯化亚铜为前体,采用DBU液相催化法合成了周边烷氧基取代的1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-八丁氧基酞菁铜,经过元素分析、红外、荧光、紫外可见光谱和原子吸收表征证明,产物就是目标化合物取代基酞菁铜。     

夜视成像技术与图像融合算法的研究

夜视成像技术是借助于光电成像器件实现夜间观察的一种新的光电技术。本文扼要阐述了夜视成像技术中的红外夜视技术、激光夜视技术和微光夜视技术的基本原理,并以此重点研究分析夜视成像技术的四种图像融合算法：灰度调制融合法、加权平均法、微分算子法和基于小波变换的图像融合方法。     

大孔吸附树脂柱色谱法分离纯化重楼皂苷过程中的质量控制与评价

以重楼根茎粉末为原料,加热回流提取粗皂苷后,用近红外在线检测AB-8大孔吸附树脂除杂和洗脱分离的全过程,并以近红外光谱判别变量为表征手段,将分离过程分为四个阶段。分别对每个阶段收集的洗脱液进行比色和水解,通过离线的紫外光谱和高效液相色谱分析,结果显示,用70%的乙醇对大孔吸附树脂中除杂以后的重楼总皂苷进行洗脱,基本能将重楼总皂苷分为几类有效组分群。     

大气汽溶胶复合微粒子群的光学截面及红外发射率光谱的计算

在章[1]的基础上，根据M.L.AdenH和M.Merker的复合微粒子光散射理计算了汽溶胶大气中复合微粒子模型的光学特性，得到了汽溶胶的散射截面、吸收截面和消光截面以及红外发射率光谱，为研究大气红外传输提供了计算方法。     

氧化镁和氧化钇掺杂对纳米氧化铝粉末的影响

本文研究了用均相共沉淀法合成氧化铝陶瓷粉末的同时合成氧化镁、氧化钇等掺杂氧化物,发现在掺杂量不大时,同时合成的掺杂氧化物以填隙固溶体方式固溶于立方γ氧化铝中,并且几乎不影响铝氧键性质、晶格常数和衍射波矢,但掺杂使氧化物细化,比表面增大,用此法合成的粉末聚集比较厉害,在粉末中有晶化颗粒存在．     

Measurement and analysis of soil nitrogen and organic matter content using near-infrared spectroscopy techniques

Near infrared reflectance （N1R） spectroscopy is as a rapid, convenient and simple nondestructive technique useful for quantifying several soil properties. This method was used to estimate nitrogen （N） and organic matter （OM） content in a soil of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou County. A total of 125 soil samples were taken from the field. Ninety-five samples spectra were used during the calibration and cross validation stage. Thirty samples spectra were used to predict N and OM concentration. NIR spectra of these samples were correlated using partial least square regression. The regression coefficients between measured and predicted values of N and OM was 0.92 and 0.93, and SEP （standard error of prediction） were 3.28 and 0.06, respectively, which showed that NIR method had potential to accurately predict these constituents in this soil. The results showed that NIR spectroscopy could be a good tool for precision farming application.     

The Russian avant-garde painting palette: Documentary and physicochemical codification of organic colorants

In the present article an attempt is made to elucidate the organic colorants commonly encountered in the Russian avant-garde painting palette by a combined art historical, documentary and physicochemical investigation, and to examine the influence of environmental factors on the chromatic profile originally sought by the artist. The overall approach based on written sources is confirmed by measurements on relevant paintings. The documentary research deals with the influences of Orthodox iconography, folkloric art, and occidental modernist tendencies on the Russian avant-garde palette, and studies the effects of contradictory historical processes in the chromatic profile of individual paintings. In the experimental section a series of colorants are investigated concerning the effects of accelerated ageing on experimental painting tables, prepared as watercolor and gouache layers on paper ground. The resulting samples are subjected to colorimetric and spectroscopic measurements, and analogous analytical procedures are applied on samples taken from selected paintings. A systematic comparative study of all data permits evaluation of the materials used in terms of their stability towards extrinsic factors, and proposal of degradation routes in order to assist museum curators and conservators in every concrete case related to the broad spectrum of pigments examined.     

Study of the stability of a series of synthetic colorants applied with styrene-acrylic copolymer, widely used in contemporary paintings, concerning the effects of accelerated ageing

This study examines the materials of a contemporary pictorial artwork, belonging to the Macedonian Museum of Contemporary Art in Thessaloniki (Greece), and needing conservation. The combined use of micro-FTIR and micro-Raman spectroscopy allowed the identification of almost all painting materials. Moreover, the stability of a series of synthetic pigments towards accelerated ageing is investigated in applications using the contemporary binding medium styrene-acrylic copolymer. The pigments in question are: Hansa yellow PY3 and PY74, quinacridone PV19 and PR122, naphthol AS PR112, phthalocyanine green PG7 and blue PB15, dioxazine PV37, van Dyck brown PBk11, ivory black PBk9, and titanium dioxide PW6. The organic pigments were applied alone or mixed with titanium dioxide, in rutile form or as a mixture of rutile/anatase. The experimental swatches were subjected to ageing tests, and subsequently studied as to colour changes by means of colorimetric measurements, and as to the molecular structure differentiations by infrared spectroscopy in reflectance mode. The ageing tests included exposure to high temperature and humidity (90 °C, 60% RH) and to ultraviolet radiation (350 nm, 30 °C and 50% RH, with a substantial temperature increase at 90 °C for 3 days). The greater colour difference is caused by high temperature and humidity, whereas paint layers containing TiO₂, and especially the mixture of the forms rutile/anatase, prove very susceptible to ultraviolet radiation, demonstrating a significant colour difference and extended molecular changes.     

单片微机在仪器、仪表智能化方面的探讨

本文以DPB—Ⅱ型红外测温仪为侧,讨论仪器仪表采用单片微机作为中心控制单元时的基本结构、微机信号处理系统硬件以及系统软件流程简图。