不同发酵茶叶的红外光谱特征

茶叶的发酵工序是形成茶叶不同品种的关键环节。本文采用红外傅里叶变换光谱法,比较分析了云南普洱碧罗春茶（不发酵茶）、福建乌龙茶（半发酵茶）和普洱熟茶（全发酵茶）红外特征谱的异同。结果显示,三种茶叶的红外光谱比较相似,但由于发酵程度不同,三种茶中茶多酚类物质成分的含量不同,因而它们具有各自的红外特征谱。研究表明,茶叶的发酵程度与红外特征谱的1037cm^-1、1147cm^-1、1324cm^-1、1520cm^-1和1240cm^-1附近吸收峰的强度和峰形密切相关,根据上述红外光谱特征峰的吸光度和峰形,可以区分茶叶的发酵程度等。FTIR光谱法为不同发酵茶叶种类的鉴别,提供一种简便、快捷的方法。     

Effects of inspiratory muscle training in professional women football players: a randomized sham-controlled trial

This study was conducted to determine the effects of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on respiratory and peripheral muscles oxygenation during a maximal exercise tolerance test and on repeated-sprint ability (RSA) performance in professional women football players. Eighteen athletes were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: SHAM (n = 8) or IMT (n = 10). After a maximal incremental exercise test, all participants performed (on a different day) a time-to-exhaustion (Tlim) test. Peripheral and respiratory muscles oxygenation by near-infrared spectroscopy, breath-by-breath ventilatory and metabolic variables, and blood lactate concentration were measured. The RSA test was performed on a grass field. After a 6 week intervention, all athletes were reevaluated. Both groups showed increases in inspiratory muscles strength, exercise tolerance and RSA performance, however only the IMT group presented lower deoxyhemoglobin and total hemoglobin blood concentrations on intercostal muscles concomitantly to an increased oxyhemoglobin and total hemoglobin blood concentrations on vastus lateralis muscle during Tlim. In conclusion, these results may indicate the potential role of IMT to attenuate inspiratory muscles metaboreflex and consequently improve oxygen and blood supply to limb muscles during high-intensity exercise, with a potential impact on inspiratory muscle strength, exercise tolerance and sprints performance in professional women football players.     

纳米氧化铝粉体制备及红外吸收特性研究

通过溶胶-凝胶法制备出不同晶型和相应颗粒尺寸的纳米氧化铝粉体;通过XRD分析及TEM表征,分析勃姆石凝胶-经干燥烧结后的氧化铝晶型相变及相应颗粒尺寸分布变化,800℃至1050℃γ-Al2O3向θ-Al2O3相变过程中颗粒尺寸变化不大,到完全相变为α-Al2O3时,颗粒尺寸急剧增大,并有大颗粒形成;同时对不同晶型和对应的颗粒尺寸纳米氧化铝粉体样品的红外吸收性能进行了研究,结果表明:带边吸收的蓝移、红移主要由晶型和量子尺寸效应共同作用,但晶型起主要作用。     

不同颜色蚕豆的红外光谱研究

蚕豆是世界上第六大食用豆类作物,具有较高的营养价值和药用价值。蚕豆常见的颜色有白色和绿色,两者在口感上稍有区别,在经济价值上也不同,利用傅里叶变换红外光谱对同一产地同一年份的两种颜色的蚕豆进行光谱研究。结果表明,两种颜色的蚕豆在子叶的吸收峰上有区别。根据红外光谱的谱峰形状和位置,可以判断两种蚕豆的主要化学成分。利用该方法可以快速、简捷地区分两种蚕豆。     

一种基于视觉的车载照明自动跟踪系统

目前夜间事故勘察车载照明多采用传统自适应灯光,存在照射范围有限且调节照明方向繁琐等问题。因此,基于视觉设计一种车载照明自动跟踪系统。使用视觉处理技术与双步进电机控制对车载照明系统进行改进,以增强车载照明智能化和灵活性。针对传统自适应灯光需人为操纵照射目标的问题,车载照明系统在运行时对红外光源（移动目标）进行图像检测,实时反馈拍摄图像中红外光源位置坐标,再根据位置坐标信息控制双步进电机,带动车载照明灯准确地照射到红外光源坐标位置。实验结果表明,该系统可快速检测到照明目标位置坐标,准确控制步进电机移动,可满足跟踪目标的要求,准确率达 95%。     

No effect of upper body compression garments in elite flat-water kayakers

Abstract

While the effect of lower body compression garments on performance and physiological responses are well documented, no studies have examined the effect of upper body compression garments (UBCG) on upper-body dominant exercise. This study examined the effects of wearing UBCG on performance and physiological responses during simulated flat-water kayaking. Five male (mean values±s: 21.8±2.8 years; 83.5±9.2 kg; 63.0±5.5 ml·kg^?1·min^?1) and two female (mean values±s: 25.0±4.2 years; 71.4±2.7 kg; 51.0±4.8 ml·kg^-1·min^-1) elite flat-water kayakers completed a six-step incremental test followed by a four-minute maximal performance test (4minPT) in both UBCG and control (no shirt or sports training bra) conditions in a randomized counter-balanced order. Heart rate and oxygen consumption (O₂) as well as performance measures (power, distance covered, stroke rate) were recorded during the tests, and blood lactate was measured immediately after each incremental step and three minutes following the 4minPT. Near-infrared spectroscopy-derived measures of blood flow and oxygenation of the flexor carpi radialis were monitored continuously for all tests. No significant differences between the UBCG and control conditions were evident for any performance, cardiorespiratory or oxygenation measure across the incremental step test and 4minPT. It was concluded that wearing UBCG did not provide any significant physiological or performance benefits during simulated flat-water kayaking.     

微量物证技术在PE或EVA农膜鉴定中的应用

PE膜和EVA膜单靠“经验主义”从外观上很难做出精准判断,且判定结果往往不能被大众所采纳.我们通过红外光谱分析方法、水解和反滴定法对涉案农膜的红外光谱分析和涉案农膜VA含量测定从微观的角度来鉴定涉案农膜是PE膜.     

Effects of Ventilation on Segmental Bioimpedance Spectroscopy Measures Using Generalizability Theory

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of three ventilation conditions (i.e., normal, regimented, and no-ventilation) on the reproducibility of bioimpedance scores in humans for the forearm and trunk segments. One hundred able-bodied North American men and women, from 18 to 71 years of age, volunteered as participants. The experimenters used a Xitron Bio-Impedance Analyzer System model 4200 instrument with Hydra software (Xitron Technologies, San Diego, California, USA) to collect bioimpedance data on extracellular fluid and intracellular fluid scores. The experimenters analyzed the data using the generalizability theory,with persons as the facet of differentiation and time as the facet of generalization. The major findings were (a) ventilation conditions did not have a significant impact on the reproducibility of the test scores, (b) the forearm segment produced consistently higher intracellular fluid generalizability coefficients across three ventilation conditions for both gender groups when compared to the trunk segment, (c) the trunk segment produced intracellular fluid generalizability coefficients that were higher for the male group, and (d) the measurement error affected extracellular fluid scores less than segmental intracellular fluid scores.     

智能型多功能测时装置的探讨

本文探讨了运用红外探测技术,通过单片机对信号的接收和处理,在一台仪器上实现多种不同的计时、计数要求及语音功能.     

茂金属配合物[(η~5C_5H_4Si_2Me_5)MoMe(CO)_3]的振动光谱、电子结构及化学键研究

运用G98W,采用Lan12dz基组,对茂金属配合物[(η5 C5H4Si2Me5)MoMe(CO)3]进行从头算研究,探讨配合物结构单元的稳定性、分子轨道能量、原子净电荷布居规律,以及一些前沿分子轨道的组成特征等,结果表明,标题配合物结构在能量上是较稳定的,作为结构单元而存在。对标题配合物的振动基频进行了与实测红外光谱对比,归属了它们的振动频率,讨论了它们的特征基频,并对理论计算的振动频率进行了标度校正。