Transforming engagement: a case study of building intrinsic motivation in a child with autism

This longitudinal case study of a 10‐year‐old girl with autism and severe communication impairment measures the impact of the MORE (Means, Opportunities, Reasons and Expectations) approach to enhancing engagement and communication. Through detailed observation of video data over a period of 28 months, engagement behaviours including interaction with adults and following adult directions increased, while resistant behaviours such as kicking, hitting and pushing adults away decreased. Fluctuation between different ‘states’ demonstrated that the frequency and duration of engagement was influenced by the MORE approach and an emphasis on developing intrinsic motivation. In order to enable further efficacy research, core features of the intervention and the changes in engagement over time are described.     

图书馆实施知识管理的动力机制研究

从图书馆发展规律的阶段性出发，探讨图书馆实施知识管理动力机制的微观层次、中观层次和宏观环境，并分析动力机制存在的问题,提出解决思路。认为图书馆员的价值观对应于动力机制的微观层次，利益导向机制、知识激励机制、知识管理服务效益评价机制对应于动力机制的中观机制，尊重知识的政治文化氛围、信息化程度、信息市场的发展对应于动力机制的宏观环境。     

四川省高校学生体育消费动机结构的统计分析

运用定量与定性相结合的方法,对现阶段四川省高校学生体育消费动机结构进行初步探讨.研究表明,现阶段四川省高校学生体育消费动机基本结构体系主要由娱乐消遣、身心健康、审美追求、社会交往、体育成就、求新攀比等消费动机构成;进一步的不同变量水平的消费动机水平的比较揭示,不同性别高校学生的审美追求动机水平等8种不同变量水平的体育消费动机水平比较存在统计学意义.     

国企二级委托代理模式与国企购并的动机

国有企业经过多年改革,虽然取得了很大成效,但尚未成为产权明晰的真正的现代企业,究其原因在于国有企业产权的二级委托代理模式,即政府(国家所有)——政府官员(代表政府行使所有者职能)——企业经理(受政府官员委托进行经营管理)。这一委托代理链条的出现,造成了企业产权模糊、政企不分、效率低下等一系列问题。在国有企业的购并重组过程中,上述代表不同利益的各相关主体动机各异,有效率动机、经理动机、政绩动机、政策性动机等。种种外化于企业自身经营效益的购并动机也引发了许多不良问题。     

国内近二十年来汉语学习动机研究述评

文章对近20年来（1990～2010）汉语学习动机研究的相关文献进行统计检索,在此基础上对国内汉语学习动机研究现状和趋势进行评述和分析。近20年来的国内汉语学习动机研究可分为早期和新时期两个发展阶段。新时期汉语学习动机研究呈现出一些显著特点,如研究数量呈上升趋势,研究内容向纵深拓展,研究对象侧重于在华高校留学生,研究方法以横断、静态研究为主,多采用问卷调查,研究以小样本为主。文章还提出目前汉语学习动机研究仍存在着研究视角狭窄、应用理论单一、研究对象受限、测试手段不完善等问题     

Protective behavior in ride-sharing through the lens of protection motivation theory and usage situation theory

The frequent occurrence of security incidents in ride-sharing is a challenge for the survival of IT-enabled ride-sharing platforms. Passengers’ protective behavior is an effective means to alleviate this issue, with benefits to both the passengers and the platforms. This study explores the mechanisms of passengers’ protective behavior in the ride-sharing context by combining protection motivation theory (PMT) and usage situation theory. We test our hypotheses using data (n = 346) collected from a field survey based on a real scenario. The findings reveal that PMT and usage situation theory work well to explain passengers’ protective behavior during ride-sharing. This study explains the motivation behind passengers’ protective behavior in the ride-sharing context, extends the contents of PMT by exploring its antecedents, and extends the contents of usage situation theory by introducing a new dimension. Our findings can help ride-sharing platforms take appropriate strategies to improve passengers’ protective behavior.     

Motivation profiles of urban preservice teachers: Relations to socialization,initial career perceptions,and demographics

Given the perennial challenge of attracting and retaining high-quality teachers, especially in large cities, there is a need to understand why preservice teachers in urban districts choose a teaching career, their perceptions of the profession, and how these relate to their initial career commitments and aspirations. Using latent profile analysis, we examined patterns of motivational perceptions with variables from the Factors Influencing Teacher Choice model alongside perceived task effort cost, opportunity cost, and emotional cost of teaching within a diverse sample of 630 preservice teachers. We identified four distinct profiles that differentially related to theorized antecedents (prior teaching and learning experiences, social encouragement, fallback career) and outcomes (satisfaction, planned persistence, planned professional development, leadership aspirations). Race, gender and certification-level were distributed in unique patterns across profiles. Results provide a holistic perspective of preservice teacher motivations and indicate that perceived costs in relation to FIT Choice variables were a defining characteristic of motivational patterns.     

The uses and abuses of boredom in the classroom

Although the educational and psychological hazards of boredom are well documented, an increasing number of researchers have argued that boredom may be a helpful, rather than harmful, emotion for the growing individual. In this paper, we engage with this re-conception of boredom and explore its implications for contemporary education: Can boredom enhance student learning, or support certain forms of it? Can it be put to use in the classroom? What are the risks involved? In addressing these questions, we show that boredom can fulfil several important psychological functions under certain special conditions. At the same time, we argue that careful attention to the moral psychology of boredom reveals that it has significant disadvantages for helping students to develop a meaningful and fulfilling relationship to subject matter in the classroom. Against the backdrop of this analysis, we discuss the concept and experience of aspiration as a potential way of tempering and eventually obviating the psychological pitfalls of boredom. In the final section, we draw out several principles of an aspirational approach to grappling with boredom in education.