对体育院系网球专修学生学习动机与兴趣培养的分析

本文从网球教学这一客观影响因素出发,采用文献资料法,观察法,访谈法,数理统计法和问卷调查法,对“学生对网球运动的学习动机”和“最能促进学生对网球运动产生学习兴趣的因素”进行调查,通过对调查结果的统计与分析,得出上述两项的主要内容和比例,并分析得出激发学生学习动机和培养学习兴趣的对策,为提高体育院系的网球教学质量提供理论参考,和可操作性的方法。     

Comments on “Development of a Cadence Curl-Up Test for College Students” (Sparling,Millard-Stafford, & Snow, 1997): Concerns about Validity and Practicality

Purpose: We sought to compare the effects of physical practice (PP) and mental practice (MP) on the immediate and long-term learning of the finger-to-thumb opposition sequence task (FOS) in children; in addition, we investigated the transfer of this learning to an untrained sequence of movements and to the contralateral untrained hand. Method: This study included thirty-six 9- and 10-year-old children who were randomly allocated into 3 groups: MP, PP, and no practice (NP). The MP and PP groups were subjected to a single session of training with the dominant trained hand. MP participants were trained by mentally rehearsing the movements, PP participants were trained by executing the movements, and the NP group had no training. The performance of the trained sequence (TS) and untrained reverse sequence (URS) by each of the 3 groups was evaluated under identical conditions before training, after 5 min, and at 4 days, 7 days, and 28 days after training. Results: Whereas both trained groups (MP and PP) showed statistically significant improvement in TS using the trained hand at all assessment points after the training, only MP participants were able to transfer the performance gains from the TS to the URS and from the trained hand to the untrained opposite hand. Conclusion: Children were able to learn the FOS through MP or PP with a similar level of performance. Unlike PP, MP allowed for the transfer of performance gain to the URS and to the opposite hand, suggesting that the internal representations developed by MP were effector-independent.     

学生参与式体育课堂评价对大学生体育学习动机和学习效果的影响

为了检验学生参与式体育课堂评价对大学生体育学习动机和学习效果的影响效应。研究以132名大学生为实验对象,通过传统体育课堂评价方式和学生参与式体育课堂评价方式进行为期16周的教学实验。研究结果表明,学生参与式体育课堂评价:①对大学生体育学习动机的内部动机(t=-3.14,p=0.02)和自我调节能力(t=-5.03,p=0.01)具有显著促进效应;②对大学生体育学习基本心理需要的自主(t=-4.79,p=0.02)、能力(t=-8.77,p=0.01)和归属(t=-4.68,p=0.03)均具有显著影响效应;③可以有效提高学生体育学习的学习参与及运动技能水平。因此,学生参与式体育课堂评价对提高大学生体育学习动机和学习效果具有重要作用。     

女大学生锻炼动机及自我效能测量工具的设计研究

为了深入研究女性大学生群体在参与体育锻炼行为中的具体动机及自我效能在锻炼行为中所发挥的影响作用,运用结构方程模型理论,构建了女大学生锻炼动机及自我效能的测量体系,以期为深入研究大众群体健身活动过程中的锻炼动机及自我效能提供有益参考。     

话语标记语and语法化的语用动因

文章从历时的角度探讨了话语标记语and的语法化,并且分析了话语标记语and的语法化动因。研究发现,语用充实是and语法化的语用因素。     

从需求层次理论看外语学习需要——经典理论与本土研究的融合

玛斯洛把人的需求分为五个层次,即生理需求、安全需求、社交需求、尊重需求和自我实现的需求等。这种需求中的某些因素对外语学习动机有一定参考价值,也就是说,外语学习中的主要影响因素是情感需求和认知需求。在外语学习环境下,英语的应用相当有限,无法满足低层次的工具性需求。因此,学生学习的主要驱动力量足由内在兴趣带动的多层次求知需求,即审美需求和自我实现需求。     

全民健身与全民健康深度融合的内涵、现实困境与多维路径研究

人民健康是社会稳定和国家富强的重要标志,体育锻炼是提高人民健康水平的重要途径和满足人们对美好生活向往的重要手段。运用文献资料、逻辑分析等研究方法,论述全民健身与全民健康深度融合的内涵,深度剖析阻碍全民健身与全民健康深度融合过程中存在的业态模式开发度不够、供给与需求矛盾、产业政策执行阻力、政府资金引导未健全等现实困境,最后提出以下4个方面的发展路径:(1)科技驱动创新,优化业态模式;(2)整合资源,确保有效供给;(3)全面深化改革,加强部门间协同配合;(4)围绕经济体制改革,优化体育产业政府引导资金方式。     

Health Worry,Physical Activity Participation,and Walking Difficulty Among Older Adults

This study examined the effect of health worry (i.e., cognitive aspect of anxiety resulting from concern for health) on walking difficulty in a nationally representative sample (N = 7,527) of older adults (M age = 76.83 years). The study further tested whether physical activity mediates the effect of health worry on walking difficulty in a 6-year follow-up design. Results of a mediation analysis using structural equation modeling showed that people with a high degree of health worry engaged in less physical activity (β = -.24, p < .001), and people who participated in less physical activity were more likely to report walking difficulty at the 6-year follow-up (β = -.22, p < .001). There was a significant indirect effect from health worry to walking difficulty through physical activity (β = .05, p < .001), controlling for demographic, psychosocial, and health related factors. Results suggested that inducing threat and worry may not be effective for physical activity promotion in the older population. More promising coping and regulation strategies are discussed.     

浙江省大学生体育活动形式对体育锻炼动机强度的影响

通过问卷调查表明，男生的体育锻炼动机强度要高于女生。影响其锻炼动机强度的主要体育活动形式依次为体育课、课余体育锻炼、体育媒介、体育消费、课余体育竞赛和课余运动训练。在努力抓好体育课和课余体育锻炼这两种活动形式的同时，要充分发挥体育媒介和体育消费对大学生锻炼动机的积极作用，是今后高校体育工作的努力方向之一。