分层教学理论指导下的高校体育教学改革探讨——以南京工业大学体育课程教学改革为例

通过文献资料法,阐述了分层教学的内涵:(1)分层教学属于差异性教学的一种形式,(2)分层教学正是"平等考虑"下的区别对待;分析了我国高校体育课程的现状:(1)体育课程目标的人性理念缺失,(2)教学模式和教学方法单一、滞后,(3)教学评价方式的非科学因素成分过重;探讨了高校实施分层教学的现实及理论依据。以南京工业大学体育课程教学改革为例,阐述了其体育教学改革的总体原则、核心内容、具体实施方案。     

不同N、P营养水平对孔石莼克制赤潮异弯藻效果的影响

研究了4个不同营养水平的(N、P营养充足、N限制、P限制和N、P双限制)大型海藻孔石莼(Ulva pertusa)对同样4个不同营养水平的海洋赤潮微藻赤潮异弯藻(Heterosigma akashiwo)的克制效果。不同的N、P营养状况能够显著影响孔石莼克制赤潮异弯藻的效果,N限制或P限制和N、P双限制下的孔石莼对赤潮异弯藻的克制作用减弱,N限制的赤潮异弯藻对孔石莼克生物质的耐受性增强,而P限制和N、P双限制的赤潮异弯藻对孔石莼的克生物质更加敏感。研究结果表明,不同营养状况下大型海藻对海洋微藻不同程度的克生作用可能是自然海洋生态系统中,N、P营养盐动态变化引起大型海藻和微藻种群动态变化的原因之一。     

Home book reading and reading achievement in EU countries: the Progress in International Reading Literacy Study 2011 (PIRLS)

Home shared book reading during the preschool years is a strong predictor of students’ reading achievement in primary school, and, according to Sénéchal (2012), it can benefit more children from low socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds. This study examines the association between frequency of book reading before the start of compulsory education and the reading achievement of 4th-grade students whose parents have high and low education levels in 22 European countries. Using data from the Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS 2011), we show that the contribution of shared reading for the achievement of students from distinct SES backgrounds is different in different countries and that shared reading does not always benefit more children from low-SES backgrounds. Results are discussed in light of Sénéchal's home literacy model, the dynamics of cultural capital, and current policy efforts to support children's literacy development in European countries.     

论体育课的分层教学

随着教育教学改革的不断深化,体育教学要逐步实施分层教学,本文就个人教学实际对体育课的分层教学从理论认识、实践环节、总结思考进行阐述。     

民国四川基层社会诉讼话语变迁研究——以三台档案为依据

清代的诉讼多被学者称为冤抑诉讼。民国时期冤抑诉讼在多大程度上向近现代的权利诉讼转型,是一个亟待考察的问题。通过民国三台档案,可以看到冤抑诉讼与权利诉讼的话语并存于四川基层社会,两者并非二元对立,大量过渡类型的存在说明了两者之间的冲突与融合。要实现诉讼话语的变革,需要整个司法场域中的人们更新其常识与知识,并不能一蹴而就。通过对四川基层社会的诉讼话语变迁的研究可以清晰地看见基层社会在法制变革中滞后于经济较发达的城市而呈现出的独特面貌。这也可以作为考察中国法制近代化过程中内部张力真实存在的一个样本。     

双原子分子能级差的数值估算

在讨论分子的能级等问题时,由于要求得分子体系的定态薛定谔方程的严格解很困难,因此,不得不求助于各种近似的方法。然而,通常我们采用的近似方法,仍存在着较繁的数学运算过程。本文尝试应用数值估算这样一种近似方法,估算双原子分子的能级差。既可避免较繁的定量计算,又说明了与分子光谱事实相符的若干基本问题。     

如何在中学物理教学中实施“分层教学、分类指导”的教学

物理教学中，“分层教学、分类指导”的教学模式能使学习成绩、能力层次不同的学生都能积极参与课堂教学活动，并在课堂教学活动中都有不同程度的学习收获，达到圆满完成教学任务，全面提高全体学生的素质的目的。     

N种消费品的Cobb—Douglass模型浅析

n种消费品的Cobb-Douglass函数，对购买决策、需求函数有着现实的指导意义，是C－D生产函数在效用理论中的推广应用，本文给出了模型的求解过程，并浅析了解所代表的经济意义。     

Limitations of levels, learning outcomes and qualifications as drivers towards a more knowledge-based society

National （and European） qualifications frameworks, the specification of learning outcomes and grand targets like the Lisbon goals of increasing the supply of graduates in Europe in order to achieve a more knowledge-based society are all predicated upon the idea of moving people through to higher and well-defmed levels of skills, knowledge and understanding. However, the work of researchers, from the UK＇s Teaching and Learning Research Programme （TLRP）, examining work-related learning from a number of perspectives, would suggest that the way to move towards a more knowledge-based society is for as many people as possible, whatever their supposed highest overall ＂level＂ of skills is, to believe that they should develop their skills, knowledge and competence in a number of ways unrelated to their current highest ＂level＂. This means rather than having an essentially binary conception of competence at the heart of the levels, it would be far more beneficial in inducing the frame of mind required of a knowledge-based society to have a developmental view of expertise. Such an approach can address three particular challenges that a ＂levels＂ approach f＇mds difficult to accommodate. First, there is the issue of transfer-there would be an expectation that graduates would be some way from ＂experienced worker standard＂ when they completed their initial training. Secondly, such an approach could provide the conditions in which a commitment to continuous improvement at work could flourish, as most people would believe that they needed to develop in a number of ways （at a range of ＂levels＂） in order to improve their performance. Thirdly, this approach of continuing to expect people to continue to develop a range of skills would offer some protection against the development of ＂skilled incompetence＂ （where organisations and individuals continue to focus upon what they do well without paying due regard to the future）.     

北宋太学制与科举制关系论——着眼于太学内部的考察

北宋时期的太学制与科举制在发展演进中衔接碰撞、互动影响。着眼于太学内部考察,太学制度的演变源于科举改革的背景,太学科举化趋势明显,科举制对太学解额及免解制度、教学与考试内容、管理制度制订实施具有强大导向作用。随着兴学改革中太学影响日盛及对科举制的悖反,朝臣围绕太学制度与科举制度的优劣之议、太学取士与科举取士的存废之议、释褐状元与科举状元的名望之议集体论辩,推动北宋教育改革发展。徽宗朝由诏罢科举取士到诏罢天下三舍取士,历经17年特殊时期,从政治经济形势、教育改革现状等考论其缘由,对深入论析太学制与科举制关系具有重要意义。