Injectable hybrid inorganic nanoscaffold as rapid stem cell assembly template for cartilage repair

Cartilage injuries are often devastating and most cannot be cured because of the intrinsically low regenerative capacity of cartilage tissues. Although stem-cell therapy has shown enormous potential for cartilage repair, the therapeutic outcome has been restricted by low survival rates and poor chondrocyte differentiation in vivo. Here, we report an injectable hybrid inorganic (IHI) nanoscaffold that facilitates fast assembly, enhances survival and regulates chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells. IHI nanoscaffolds that strongly bind to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins assemble stem cells through synergistic 3D cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions, creating a favorable physical microenvironment for stem-cell survival and differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, chondrogenic factors can be loaded into nanoscaffolds with a high capacity, which allows deep, homogenous drug delivery into assembled 3D stem-cell-derived tissues for effective control over the soluble microenvironment of stem cells. The developed IHI nanoscaffolds that assemble with stem cells are injectable. They also scavenge reactive oxygen species and timely biodegrade for proper integration into injured cartilage tissues. Implantation of stem-cell-assembled IHI nanoscaffolds into injured cartilage results in accelerated tissue regeneration and functional recovery. By establishing our IHI nanoscaffold-templated 3D stem-cell assembly method, we provide a promising approach to better overcoming the inhibitory microenvironment associated with cartilage injuries and to advance current stem-cell-based tissue engineering.     

反思与争鸣：缔造中国武术的生存空间

文章采用文献资料法、逻辑分析法,运用文化学、历史学等相关理论,以中国武术为研究对象,从民族文化视角来研究中国武术的发展问题。中国武术作为民族文化的一种符号和身份象征,要走出“文化失语”的困惑,要敢于同历史对话、同现实对话、同自己对话。要调整自己的文化立场,开拓属于自身的生存空间,最终也守护着民族文化的大空间,延续着民族的文明进程。     

Dissecting through Barriers: A Follow-up Study on the Long-Term Effects of Interprofessional Education in a Dissection Course with Healthcare Professional Students

Several studies have shown significant improvements in the attitudes and perceptions of healthcare professional students toward interprofessional education (IPE) immediately following intervention with IPE courses. However, there remains little evidence on the lasting effects of IPE courses and the long-term influences of these IPE experiences are poorly documented. The purpose of this study is to assess the long-term effects of an intensive, ten-week interprofessional gross anatomy dissection course at McMaster University. Attitudes and perceptions of past participants towards interprofessional learning were evaluated, now that they have started working with other healthcare professionals outside of the IPE course setting. Thirty-four past participants who have clinical experience working in interprofessional settings or are currently working in the healthcare field completed a follow-up questionnaire consisting of a modified Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS) and open-ended questions. Quantitative analysis revealed a significant decrease in their attitude towards teamwork and collaboration and respect for other health professions, but a significant improvement in their understanding of roles and responsibilities compared to their results immediately after the IPE intervention. Qualitative analysis of open-ended questions revealed several themes such as developing interprofessional competencies, developing relationships, and remembering the strengths of the IPE dissection course. The results of this study indicate that the IPE experience in anatomy was highly valued by the students and that past participants maintain a clear understanding of their scope of practice, but the reality of clinical practice may have eroded gains made in the program. Anat Sci Educ. © 2018 American Association of Anatomists.     

运动医学领域中的中医外治法

中医外治法原理是通过经络传导、皮肤、粘膜吸收药物达到治疗康复的目的。分析了几种中医外治法在运动医学领域中的应用特点,其中穴位中药离子导入是一种传统医学与现代新型给药技术相结合的方法,目前在运动医学领域中运用较少,经皮给药系统的治疗手段在消除运动疲劳、损伤治疗等方面将有很大的发展空间。     

抗痫中药的实验研究

癫痫是神经系统功能异常常见病,严重危害人类健康。近年来,中医药在预防癫痫发作、提高疗效、减少抗痫药物毒副作用等方面取得较大进展。本文就神经递质、受体与离子通道、信号转导等方面总结了抗癫痫中药的作用机制。     

从“听话教学”到“对话教学”——新课程下教育教学的新理念

听话教学是传统教育中以“考试”为导向的应试教育所采用的教学方式，而对话教学则适应了新课程对课堂教学的新要求。本文主要阐述了对话教学的深刻内涵，并分析了由对话教学所引起的学生观、教师角色、课程观、评价方式等方面的变化。     

Task of the teaching life: Self through bakhtinian dialogue and ideological engagement

This article describes Mikhail Bakhtin’s 20^th century work on dialogue as it may serve one engaged in the teaching as a vocation and existential pursuit rather than as a job or profession. Dialogue, as theorized by Bakhtin, within the pedagogical real, potentially becomes a mod of being through which the individual engages in the project of selfhood, a task basic to the human enterprise. For Bakhtin, dialogue was in part a structure within and through which we come to consciousness and give flesh and meaning to our existence. According to Bakhtin, the structure of self is dialogical and unfinalizable, meaning that each individual comes to consciousness through dialogue with some other. From a Bakhtinian perspective, the, selfhood as a dialogical formation constitutes a fundamental relation by which we much participate without end, making dialogue an unavoidable social activity immersed in language.     

贝克认知疗法对贫困大学生的咨询效果研究

目的：探索改善贫困大学生心理健康状况的方法。方法：随机抽取有心理辅导需求和无辅导需求的贫困大学生各30名作为实验组与对照组,对实验组成员进行贝克认知疗法辅导,每周一次共6次的辅导,对照组处于常态。辅导前后采用SDS、SAS、SCL-90对实验组进行测量,并就辅导前后与对照组的心理测量结果进行对比研究。结果：实验组接受辅导后与对照组在SDS、SAS上得分的差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;在SCL-90的总分及抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖和精神病性因子上得分的差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;实验组在辅导前与辅导后在SDS、SAS的得分以及在SCL-90中的躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖和精神病性因子的得分的差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：贝克认知疗法在改善贫困大学生抑郁、焦虑、以及躯体化、恐怖和精神病性方面有显著作用,有利于提高贫困大学生的心理健康水平。     

Organizing, Teaching, and Assessing for Student Success in Introductory College Physics

As part of a doctoral dissertation, Ben （2010） completed a study that extends to 462 pages. After a careful examination of this study and others that are in print, there seems to be a direct relationship between the decline in physics enrollment at the postsecondary level and the increase in the number of studies that have been carried out to determine why have we been off the mark in identifying the real problems that are contributing to the declining enrollment and the decreased student success in physics courses？ One problem is introductory physics books are generally written using a deductive approach, and because the teachers follow the organization of these books, they teach in a deductive, boring, and confusing way, and then, blame the students for being unprepared when they do not succeed. This approach distances the teachers--and physics--from the experience, knowledge, and initial interest of many beginning students. Another problem has been the absence of any alternative curriculum to the deductive one. In this paper, we describe a fully-developed alternative curriculum, really a detailed course design for Introductory College Physics I and II, each with its own text presented in the format of a three-ring binder, one for students and one for teachers which closely parallel one another. The course content is constructed to be both teacher and student friendly, so that a teacher can teach physics in an inductive, exciting, and clear manner. In addition, we describe and provide examples of the pedagogical and classroom management techniques that have proven extremely successful.     

对话,让教育实践智慧不再缄默

教师常常以教育实践智慧的方式对学生施加影响,而实践智慧往往以缄默知识的形式存在于教师个体身上.如果给教师特别是资深教师提供更多的对话机会,他们在实践中掌握的教育智慧可以部分表达并成为新教师学习的重要教育资源.学校要为教师提供对话的平台,使教育实践智慧成为教师间可以共享的财富.