Effects of interval aerobic training combined with strength exercise on body composition,glycaemic and lipid profile and aerobic capacity of obese rats

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of interval aerobic training combined with strength exercise in the same training session on body composition, and glycaemic and lipid profile in obese rats. Sixteen lean Zucker rats and sixteen obese Zucker rats were randomly divided into exercise and sedentary subgroups (4 groups, n = 8). Exercise consisted of interval aerobic training combined with strength exercise in the same training session. The animals trained 60 min/day, 5 days/week for 8 weeks. Body composition, lipid and glycaemic profiles and inflammatory markers were assessed.

Results showed that fat mass was reduced in both lean and obese rats following the exercise training (effect size (95% confidence interval (CI)) = 1.8 (0.5–3.0)). Plasma low-density lipoprotein–cholesterol and fasting glucose were lower in the exercise compared to the sedentary groups (d = 2.0 (0.7–3.2) and 1.8 (0.5–3.0), respectively). Plasma insulin was reduced in exercise compared to sedentary groups (d = 2.1 (0.8–3.4)). Some exercise × phenotype interactions showed that the highest decreases in insulin, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance, fasting and postprandial glucose were observed in the obese + exercise group (all, P < 0.01). The findings of this study suggest that interval aerobic training combined with strength exercise would improve body composition, and lipid and glycaemic profiles, especially in obese rats.     

冬泳运动对中老年人身体成分的影响分析

对齐齐哈尔市冬泳协会的116名冬泳爱好者进行身体成分测试。结果显示：长期进行冬泳运动,可以改善中老年人的身体成分,降低体脂百分比和肥胖发生率,提高身体素质,对预防心血管疾病及老年性骨质疏松具有积极意义。     

基于VBA的图文混排题库系统的建立

基于Visual Basic for Applications(VBA)发展了一种新型题库系统，使题库的录入、抽题、试卷生成均在Word下进行，很好地解决了图混排问题，同时给题库程序开发人员和用户提供了一个更为方便、快捷的界面，是一种很有前途的题库系统。     

论音乐在健美操中的功效及其创编

在健美操教学训练和比赛中，音乐贯穿始终，音乐与健美操的有机联系，音乐与动作的和谐，音乐的风格与动作的风格一致性。以及创编音乐充分体现健美操健、力、美的特点，强调美与力的结合，音乐旋律的动听，力求新颖，富于变化，节奏鲜明、强劲、规整，速度适中，音乐衬托动作，动作表现音乐，使动作与音乐水乳交融．完美结合。     

Body composition of female road and track endurance cyclists: Normative values and typical changes

The aims of this study were to describe normative values and seasonal variation of body composition in female cyclists comparing female road and track endurance cyclists, and to validate the use of anthropometry to monitor lean mass changes. Anthropometric profiles (seven site skinfolds) were measured over 16 years from 126 female cyclists. Lean mass index (LMI) was calculated as body weight?×?skinfolds^?x. The exponent (x) was calculated as the slope of the natural logarithm of body weight and skinfolds. Percentage changes in LMI were compared to lean mass changes measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in a subset of 25 road cyclists. Compared to sub-elite and elite cyclists, world class cyclists were (mean [95% CI]) 1.18?kg [0.46, 1.90] and 0.60?kg [0.05, 1.15] lighter and had skinfolds that were 7.4?mm [3.8, 11.0] and 4.6?mm [1.8, 7.4] lower, respectively. Body weight (0.41?kg [0.04, 0.77]) and skinfolds (4.0?mm [2.1, 6.0]) were higher in the off-season compared to the early-season. World class female road cyclists had lower body weight (6.04?kg [2.73, 9.35]) and skinfolds (11.5?mm [1.1, 21.9]) than track endurance cyclists. LMI (mean exponent 0.15 [0.13, 0.18]) explained 87% of the variance in DXA lean mass. In conclusion, higher performing female cyclists were lighter and leaner than their less successful peers, road cyclists were lighter and leaner than track endurance cyclists, and weight and skinfolds were lowest early in the season. LMI appears to be a reasonably valid tool for monitoring lean mass changes.     

研究生公选课程分组讨论教学的规则设计、组织与有效实施 ——澳大利亚新南威尔士大学(UNSW)研究生公选课程教学经验的借鉴

澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的教师通过对学生循环提问与交叉提问的方式,事实上组织起了一场以研究生个人为参与主体的课堂讨论,该课堂讨论通过对研究生讨论表现实时计分的方式凝聚了学生课堂注意力,同时也有效控制了讨论秩序,其教学经验值得我国借鉴。然而,由于两国研究生公选课程人数及国民性格的较大差异,澳洲的教学经验不能在国内同类课堂完全直接适用。有必要进行针对性改造、变通。在改造后的分组讨论模式中,由教师实时记录各讨论小组的发言、提问及评论质量,并通过科学的分数构成及相关规则将各小组成员的个人总评成绩进行具体量化,同时通过小组内部及小组之间的双重竞争机制有效保障研究生个人持续性积极参与分组讨论的全部环节。     

装帧艺术设计思维断想

装帧设计是书籍艺术最直观、最在、最迷人的形式美的体现，是书籍体身物化为美失创作过程，其设计的意念构思有着它特殊的难度和特别的意义。汲取民族化，拓宽审美空间，并赋予它独特的诠释，才能创造出新的书籍艺术形态，从而建立装帧艺术的整体视觉美。     

非线性的产品构成概念--设计、制造技术与管理的集成

产品是工业设计的主要思维对象，又是工业设计的概念、方法的载体，产品构成不是设计单方面解决的问题，是需要通过设计、制造技术、管理的集成，产品构成的概念是非线形的并行工程，是一个整体工作系统。     

迟子建小说文本的人文关怀

迟子建在叙事艺术上着意经营,擅长以温情的笔调讲述“东北家园”伤怀之美故事,尤其是对童年情结梦忆、生态文学写作、精神生态追怀的书写,独具特色富于美学意味,由此建构了她小说文本的人文关怀,使读者在阅读中分明感觉到她的艺术气质和艺术审美,卓尔不群、非同一般。     

多媒体计算机网络对作文教学的影响

多媒体计算机网络技术的应用,导致作文教学的思想观念、教学方法和教学设计的深刻变革.教师利用多媒体计算机网络的资源共享、交互和多媒体功能,可以改进教学方法,突破传统作文教学的某些弊病.