福建蜂花粉资源及其开发利用前景

本文介绍福建省蜂花粉资源，并对几种主要商品蜂花粉的蛋白质、糖类、氨基酸、矿物元素、维生素及黄酮类化合物等营养成份进行了分析测定，论述了蜂花粉的生理功能食疗价值，对蜂花粉的应用研究现状和产品作了简要的介绍，为蜂花粉的开发利用提供有价值的资料。     

丹参根中丹参酮ⅡA及丹参素分布规律研究

为探索丹参根中有效成份的分布规律,将丹参根的皮部与木质部分离后采用高效液相色谱法分别测定其中有效成分的含量,结果显示丹参根皮部丹参素含量为1.65%,丹参酮ⅡA含量为0.34%;木质部丹参素含量为1.26%,丹参酮ⅡA含量为0.056%.因此可以确定丹参根中有效成份主要分布在皮部.     

浙江省常绿阔叶林的物种组成和群落物种多样性--以若干保护较好的地区为例

常绿阔叶林是浙江省的地带性植被,在维护区域生态系统功能等方面起着重要作用.综合该省若干保护较好地区的样方资料,采用多项指标进行了物种多样性的测度,表明浙江省保护较好的常绿阔叶林区域是我国中亚热带东部物种多样性较高的区域之一,自然环境、群落小环境和人为干扰是影响多样性大小的重要因素,常绿阔叶林中的珍稀物种需要给予更多的关注与保护.     

预制语块与大学英语作文教学

通过预制语块的研究成果,从二语习得的角度,论述了预制语块在英语作文教学中的三个优势。利用预制语块进行作文教学,教师要转变教学观念,传授语块学习的知识和策略,鼓励学生“死记硬背”,以及增加语块输出机会,这样才能为大学英语作文教学找到新的思路。     

中药党参的研究概况

党参为我国传统名贵中药材,主要含有萜类、糖和糖苷类、甾体类、黄酮类、挥发油、生物碱等成分,并具有抗衰老、抗氧化、抗疲劳、抗肿瘤、增强免疫力等功能,综述了党参的研究近况,主要包括其本草考证、化学组成和药理作用三个方面,以为进一步开发利用党参资源提供科学依据。     

利用语义约束实现用户个性化的服务组合算法

为了提高服务组合的质量和效率,提出了一种基于语义约束的服务组合算法.算法中,首先利用2层语义匹配算法对用户需求和服务库中的服务进行比较,利用用户约束性个性化需求对符合匹配的服务进行筛选,从而在第一时间缩小了服务组合算法执行过程中服务的搜索空间,然后对候选的服务组合组件进行用户趋向性个性化需求计算,选择其中最符合用户个性化需求的服务构成最终的服务组合.通过仿真实验证明,该算法有效提高了服务组合算法的运行效率,并且保证了用户的个性化需求得到最大满足.     

音、体、美、舞蹈专业教育对青春期女大学生体成分与骨密度的影响*

目的:比较音、体、美、舞蹈专业教育对青春期女大学生体成分及骨密度(BMD)的影响.方法:采用双能X线吸收法和生物电阻抗法对232名岭南师范学院音、体、美、舞蹈及普通专业大一女生体成分和骨密度进行测试.结果:①体育生和舞蹈生腰臀比、体脂百分比低于音乐生、美术生与普通生,而体重、肌肉量却高于音乐生、美术生与普通生;音乐生与美术生的体重高于普通生,具有统计学差异(p＜0.05).②体育生和舞蹈生前臂骨和跟骨的骨密度值均高于音乐生、美术生与普通生;美术生跟骨骨密度高于音乐生与普通生,差异具有统计学意义(p＜0.05);体育生前臂骨跟骨骨密度与普通生比分别高出,13.63％,22.31％.结论:音、体、美、舞蹈专业教育对青春期女大学生体成分和骨密度的影响各有不同:经常参与体育与舞蹈锻炼,能增加去脂体重,有效提高骨密度;音乐与美术专业教育对女生形体美的塑造有一定作用,但却不能有效提高去脂体重和骨密度、减少体脂量及体脂在腰部的堆积.     

基于SIRT1轴的线粒体增殖和自噬通路探讨有氧运动对NASH大鼠脂肪性肝炎的影响

摘要：目的：旨在研究有氧运动抑制高脂饮食导致的肝脂肪变性、炎症和纤维化的效果,探讨有氧运动促进肝细胞线粒体增殖和线粒体自噬、改善脂肪肝细胞线粒体质量控制、抑制氧化应激的可能机制。方法：雄性健康SD大鼠随机分为普通安静组（ND）,高脂安静组（C）,高脂长期运动组（RE）,分别给予普通饲料或高脂饲料,高脂组前七周给予普通饲料,后16周给予高脂饲料。RE组大鼠进行跑台运动,25 m/min, 60 min/d, 5 d/周, 23 周。结果：C组大鼠发生脂肪性肝炎和肝纤维化,NAS评分、血脂、血ALT和肝MDA较ND组显著性升高,肝SOD活性较ND组显著性下降; RE组大鼠NAS评分、血脂、ALT水平和肝MDA含量较C组显著性下降,肝SOD活性显著性升高;肝细胞线粒体增殖和自噬调控相关的转录因子SIRT1、Parkin和LC3II的表达上,RE组较C组显著性升高;RE组肝细胞COX IV表达和线粒体膜电位较C组显著性增加。结论：有氧运动抑制NAFLD大鼠肝炎和肝纤维化的发生,其机制与促进SIRT1表达,改善线粒体自噬和增殖功能,减少ROS生成、抑制氧化应激有关。     

Estimating fat-free mass in elite-level male rowers: a four-compartment model validation of laboratory and field methods

The purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy of fat-free mass (FFM) estimates from two-compartment (2C) models including air displacement plethysmography (ADP), ultrasound (US), near-infrared interactance (NIR), and the Jackson and Pollock skinfold equation (SKF) against a criterion four-compartment (4C) model in elite male rowers. METHODS: Twenty-three elite-level male rowers (mean± SD; age 24.6 ± 2.2 years; stature: 191.4 ± 7.2 cm; mass: 87.2 ± 11.2 kg) participated in this investigation. All body composition assessments were performed on the same day in random order, except for hydrostatic weighing (HW), which was measured last. FFM was evaluated using a 4C model, which included total body water from bioimpedance spectroscopy, body volume from HW, and total body bone mineral via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The major findings of the study were that the 2C models evaluated overestimated FFM and should be considered with caution for the assessment of FFM in elite male rowers. Future studies should use multiple-compartment models, with measurement of TBW and bone mineral content, for the estimation of FFM.     

Association of different types of playing surfaces with bone mass in growing girls

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to compare bone mass in young female athletes playing ball games on different types of playing surfaces. About 120 girls, 9–13 years of age (10.6 ± 1.5 years old Tanner I–III) were recruited and divided into prepubertal and pubertal groups. The sample represented 3 groups of athletes: soccer (N = 40), basketball (N = 40), and handball (N = 40); and 6 different playing surfaces (soccer – ground, soccer – artificial turf, basketball – synthetic, basketball – parquet, handball – synthetic, and handball – smooth concrete). Total and regional body composition (bone mass, fat mass, and lean mass) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The mechanical properties of the surfaces (force reduction, vertical deformation, and energy return) were measured with the Advanced Artificial Athlete (Triple A) method. The degree of sexual development was determined using Tanner test. The pubertal group showed that soccer players on the ground, basketball players on synthetic, and handball players on smooth concrete had higher values of bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) (P < 0.05) than the soccer players on the artificial turf, basketball players on parquet, and handball players on synthetic. In conclusion, a hard playing surface, with less vertical deformation and force reduction, and greater energy return, is associated with higher levels of BMD and BMC in growing girls, regardless of the sport they practice.