A Study of Urban–Rural Differences in College Student Employment—Based on National College Sample Survey Data

Abstract

Using large sample data from the 2013 National College Graduate Employment Survey, this article compares and analyzes differences in the job-seeking process and results for college students with urban and rural household registrations and uses a measurement model to explore factors affecting the starting salaries of college students. The research found that in the job seeking results, college students with urban household registrations had higher starting salaries than did college students with rural household registrations, and a greater proportion of college students with urban household registrations entered the main labor market. An overall analysis of the job seeking process shows that compared to college students with rural household registrations, college students with urban household registrations first showed a greater inclination to choosing management and technical professions. Furthermore, they obtain better quality positions by investing more economic resources, making more effective use of information channels, and using less time for job seeking. Finally, a study of the factors impacting starting salaries found that gender factors have a greater impact on college students with urban household registrations, the contribution rate of academic degrees toward starting salary is greater for college students with rural household registrations, and the intergenerational transmission of extent of education and income is more significant for graduates with urban household registrations.     

Shared places,separate spaces: constructing cultural spaces through two national languages in Finland

Finland is a bilingual country with 2 national languages, Finnish and Swedish. The Swedish-speaking school institution aims to protect the minority language by maintaining a monolingual school space. In this article, the construction of linguistic and ethnic difference in educational discourse and practice related to the national languages in Finland is analyzed by using discourse analysis, feminist and post-structural theories. By analyzing ethnographic data and public debate, we argue that discursive and material practices related to spatiality have a significant role in constructing difference and otherness in the Finnish school context. Essentialist categories are produced but also contested from the positions within the cultural spaces at school and in society at large.     

Revitalizing the Physical Education Social-Justice Agenda in the Global Era: Where Do We Go From Here?

Critical theorists have called attention to the intensification of diversity that is now occurring inside and outside of school, while critically engaging with the detrimental effects of globalization on equity, diversity, and social justice. Globalization presents new challenges to education and to issues of social justice. In this article, we argue that there is a need for scholars in the field of physical education to re-think and re-frame the social-justice agenda to address current inequalities produced by globalization. To support this argument, we first reflect on the impact of global neoliberalism on physical education; second, we discuss the ways in which, as a result of global neoliberalism, public health discourses have an “othering” effect on ethnically diverse young people; third, we propose a theoretical shift from a focus on equality to a focus on difference; and finally, we conclude with considerations for future research and curricula in school physical education.     

Undoing diversity: knowledge and neoliberal discourses in colleges of education

In this article we analyze discourses of ‘diversity’ in colleges of education in Chile. We contend that the use of discourses of diversity, as reproducing the separation between mainstream subjectivities and those uncontained by the category of normal, is one of the ways universities align themselves with the rules of a democratic society, based on ideas of multicultural understandings and tolerant communities proliferated by inter-governmental institutions such as the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and others. Our interest is to question the marginalization of cultural politics through the intensification of these discourses. At the same time, we explore the relations between the advancement of neutral discourses of difference and the value-free practices expressed in neoliberal educational agendas. We use discourse analysis to read interviews with future teachers. We understand students’ narratives as perpetuating normative ways of thinking and legitimating those knowledges promoted by institutional curricula.     

构建《经济数学基础》教与学的开放教育模式

现代远程开放教育强调学生的自主学习,在师生功能定位、教学手段上区别于传统的教与学模式。从面授辅导、网络技术应用、形成性考核等多方面构建师生教与学互动关系的教育模式,实现学生有效地自主学习,提高《经济数学基础》的教学效果,有着迫切的现实意义。     

中美鲁迅作品教学设计的差异及启示

鲁迅作品入选中学语文课本数量较多,对青少年影响很大。长期以来,在中学语文教学实际中对鲁迅作品教学存在解读的概念化、模式化现象,导致中学生对阅读鲁迅作品兴趣不高。在美国,鲁迅作品也作为中学生的学习内容,但美国鲁迅作品在教学内容确定、教学方法运用和练习的设计等方面与我国存在较大的差异。他山之石可以攻玉,美国鲁迅作品教学的一些做法值得我们借鉴。     

《词组与小句的差异及其蕴含的理论意义》述评

自探讨汉语语法研究中的"本位"理念以来,语言学界已出现诸多优秀的"本位"论作,在成系列的"小句中枢"理论的文章中,徐杰先生以独特的视角,精准运用了比较、逻辑推理等科学的研究方法,在研究了词组与句子的根本差别在于有无全句功能以及由此促发的系列法形式特征和句子"特有因素"等方面后,进一步论证了"小句中枢说"的"简明性"和"周全性",进而深化了"本位"理念的探讨。     

典型民歌《茉莉花》南北演唱风格之差异

中国民歌是人民大众在社会生活实践中经过长期的口头传唱、即兴编创而逐步发展起来的。地域风格是民歌最鲜明的特点。探讨典型民歌《茉莉花》南北演唱风格的差异,帮助学生准确把握不同的演唱风格,对弘扬、传承中华民族音乐文化,具有深远的历史和现实意义。     

“凤凰山”的历史地位与民间传说的差异

在畲族民间传说中,广东潮州凤凰山安葬着其始祖忠勇王,是畲族的发源地。但民间传说与凤凰山真实的历史地位是有差异的。畲族是少昊之后,发源地在东夷,广东凤凰山只是畲族发祥的一个象征符号。畲族始祖的坟墓也不是在凤凰山上,而是＂葬在南京大路上＂。     

教育公平视野下重庆市城乡教育一体化研究

＂教育是民族振兴的基石,教育公平是社会公平的重要基础。＂重庆市城乡教育的差别与公平,主要反映在城乡教育的软件和硬件方面。城乡教育机会不平等、投入不均衡、资源配置不合理等是重庆城乡教育之间差别较大的主要原因。要实现重庆市城乡教育一体化,达到教育公平的目标,需要公平配置教育资源、建立标准化的财政投入机制、平衡城乡师资力量。