Don't ask; don't tell: a flawed approach to technology standards in higher education

Abstract

This discussion explores challenges that college of education faculty members in the United States encountered when developing and implementing technology standards for students. The goal of this research project was to gain an understanding of faculty members' experience with technology, particularly in the context of implementing standards in response to the National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education requirements for teacher education academic programs. Findings of this qualitative, naturalistic research project revealed a number of faculty concerns regarding technology in teaching and standards for students, including technology's impacts on communication and relationships in teaching, and anxiety around technology use. The discussion concludes with implications for practice and suggestions for further research     

新加坡南洋理工学院项目教学法的启示

新加坡南洋理工学院的项目教学方法独树一帜。本文研究借鉴南洋理工学院的项目教学方法,提出提高教师动手能力、课程融合、科学设计教学题目、项目教学系统化建设的观点,促进高职教学质量的提升。     

Combining IRT and SEM: A Hybrid Model for Fitting Responses and Response Certainties

This article proposes a model-based procedure, intended for personality measures, for exploiting the auxiliary information provided by the certainty with which individuals answer every item (response certainty). This information is used to (a) obtain more accurate estimates of individual trait levels, and (b) provide a more detailed assessment of the consistency with which the individual responds to the test. The basis model consists of 2 submodels: an item response theory submodel for the responses, and a linear-in-the-coefficients submodel that describes the response certainties. The latter is based on the distance-difficulty hypothesis, and is parameterized as a factor-analytic model. Procedures for (a) estimating the structural parameters, (b) assessing model–data fit, (c) estimating the individual parameters, and (d) assessing individual fit are discussed. The proposal was used in an empirical study. Model–data fit was acceptable and estimates were meaningful. Furthermore, the precision of the individual trait estimates and the assessment of the individual consistency improved noticeably.     

对基于项目反映理论的计算机自适应测试方法的再思考

以项目反应理论IRT（ItemResponseTheory）为基础,介绍项目反应理论IRT的特点,以及基于项目反应理论IRT的计算机自适应测试的工作原理,并在此基础上总结了起点选择的方法,提出了测试流程两步制的改进方案,通过对测试流程的改进,大大减少了与被试能力值相差较远的测试项目,缩短了测试时间和计算量,同时能准确地估计被试能力值。     

基于应变的复合材料Non-Fickian吸湿方程

为了研究复合材料吸湿过程中的Non-Fickian行为,建立基于应变的湿扩散方程,可以更准确地描述复合材料吸湿量随时间的变化关系。基于应变的湿扩散方程中考虑湿浓度与湿热应变间的相互耦合作用,假设应变也具有"扩散"行为,引入应变扩散系数与应变耦合项,并根据经典层压板理论计算层压板吸湿过程中产生的瞬时内应力状态。分析结果表明,基于应变的湿扩散方程所得到的吸湿量随时间变化的曲线与试验结果符合较好,层压板的湿浓度与湿热应变的相互耦合作用会影响吸湿量及湿热内应力的计算,在分析中不可忽略。受热和吸湿过程中产生的瞬态应力非均匀分布于层压板内,在复合材料结构设计时必须予以考虑。     

基于FCM聚类及抖动半调的数码迷彩生成方法

数码迷彩因其不规则、不平滑的边缘特征而具备更强的伪装适应性．为快速有效地生成实用型数码迷彩,在传统迷彩基础上,提出一种基于误差扩散（E—D）抖动半调的数码迷彩生成算法．利用像素的三基色分量值作为特征值对迷彩原图作模糊C均值（FCM）聚类分析以提取迷彩主色,结合图像缩放、Gaussian滤波等图像处理,运用E—D抖动半调方法将传统迷彩图转换成数码迷彩图．实验证明,生成图既保持了迷彩原图的颜色分布及纹理特征,也具备了不规则的、锯齿状的边缘特征,有效地提高了迷彩的伪装隐蔽性能．     

How to facilitate knowledge diffusion in complex networks: The roles of network structure,knowledge role distribution and selection rule

The diffusion of knowledge within organizations provides opportunities for interpersonal co-operation, improves creative ability and therefore leads to competitive advantage. Focus of prior literature on knowledge diffusion has been on identifying factors that influence individuals' behavioral intentions to seek and share knowledge. However, knowledge diffusion as an enigmatic, emergent and organizational-level process is more than the simple aggregation of individual attributes and needs to be further investigated. Accordingly, this study focuses on three distinct system-level factors, i.e., architectures of connections among individuals, distributions of knowledge roles and designs of selection mechanisms and analyses their effects on knowledge diffusion. To be more specific, we examine three distinct knowledge roles: seekers, contributors and brokers. We also distinguish between three types of selection mechanisms: objective selection mechanisms, feedback-based selection mechanisms and random selection mechanisms. By conducting agent-based simulations on four representative networks, i.e., regular networks, random networks, small-world networks and scale-free networks, our results show that the optimal knowledge diffusion performance can be achieved on scale-free networks where all agents implement objective mechanisms and show characteristics of brokers. Moreover, our results (a) highlight the significance of brokers, (b) illustrate the superiority of objective selection rules and (c) demonstrate that scale-free networks provide an optimal framework for knowledge diffusion. Furthermore, we also find the interdependent relevance of these three factors to knowledge diffusion and propose a qualitative explanation of these findings.     

C/S模式通用试题库考试系统的设计与实现

针对试题库系统的现状,提出一种将各门课程按照统一形式进行管理,采用通用系统进行考试的通用试题库考试系统的构想.     

分数阶Feller算子下的反常扩散方程

建立了Feller算予以下的空间分数阶反常扩散方程,给出分数阶扩散方程Canchy问题的求解定理,借助定理、Fourier变换及伽利略变换不变性得到问题的精确解,并当α→2即θ→0时,问题的解与相应经典整数阶扩散（对流-扩散）方程的解一致．     

试题组卷算法的研究与应用

试题组卷问题是一个多目标约束优化问题,拟运用遗传算法的全局寻优对考试中的自动化组卷进行研究,实现自适应遗传算法的智能组卷方案,并基于实际系统进行了算法优化,同时得到了一个解决适合学校教务要求的试题模型的算法。