中国和日本技术教育观差异之成因探讨

本对中国日本技术教育观的差异,形成及特征,加以论述和比较,从中总结出,我们国家在进入信息时代后,应走“高精尖”并加强工农业基础技术教育的兼顾这路。这样可为我们国家的现代化道路铺就坚实的基石。     

未来八年我国体育科技、教育发展的战略构想与政策建议

当代体育科技、教育体系是科技教育体系的重要组成部分，有相当的体育科学技术学科是科学技术母体学科在体育领域的应用、渗透而形成的，由此构成了体育科学技术体系的重要内容。21世纪现代奥林匹克的进一步发展，将更加需要高新技术的发展和渗透，而在我国举办奥运这一新历史环境下，国家创新体系将延伸成为体育创新体系的重要部分，使体育科学体系出现个体学科突增发展、学科群落拓展优化的趋向；体育教育传播体系将更加开放、普及和优化，使各类高等教育体系出现超前创建体育新专业契合社会化、健康服务需求的态势。     

‘This could be our reality in the next five to ten years’: a blogpost platform as an expectation generation device on the future of insurance markets

William James (1919) characterises hypotheses as either live or dead. A hypothesis is live when it is taken into account as a ‘real possibility’. We follow James’ suggestion to not attribute intrinsic properties to hypotheses, but rather investigate how they came into being and look at the effects they generate. Expectations of digital technologies are a topic of vivid debate in the insurance industry. Before these expectations can become ‘live’, they have, in the first place, to be generated by market devices. We investigate how the reinsurance blogpost platform Open Minds functions as an ‘expectation generation device’ on the future of insurance markets. Combining Beckert’s work on the role of fictional expectations with the pragmatist turn in sociology of markets, we propose to study ‘expectation generation devices’, provoking expectations on economic markets. In our empirical analysis, we demonstrate the explicit fictional character of the Open Minds contributions, and analyse how a contained space of openness is generated to provoke expectations. We demonstrate how Open Minds can become live through circulation to other expectation generation sites in the insurance industry and beyond. We conclude by reflecting on the importance of expectation generation devices as a particular type of market devices.     

企业异质性与贸易中介理论研究新进展

新新贸易理论诞生近十年来,贸易理论家围绕企业异质性假定进行了细致而富有成效的拓展研究。其中引人注目的是融入贸易中介的分析,打破了已有研究关于直接出口的局限,并分别基于异质性和企业内生边界视角,解释了中介技术和不完全合约对企业直接出口和中介出口等不同出口决策及福利分配的影响。本文梳理了国外最新文献中企业异质性与贸易中介理论的研究进展,解析了将贸易中介引入新新贸易理论的微观机理,并展望了其未来的发展方向。     

重庆市制造业的绿色经济增长核算:2001—2010

基于生产前沿理论的绿色经济增长核算模型,不仅将技术无效率和环境代价纳入了分析框架,而且还与"物质平衡思路"一致;该模型将绿色经济增长的源泉分解为环境约束下的技术进步、技术效率变化和资本深化3大部分。对重庆市27个制造行业的经验分析结论表明:经济增长中普遍存在着技术无效率现象,但50%以上行业的技术效率都得到了改善或维持不变;资本深化是经济增长的主要源泉,而技术进步主导的全要素生产率变动在其中的贡献相对较小;技术进步是引致全要素生产率增长的主要原因。为充分发挥重庆市制造业可持续发展潜力,后续发展中必须转变经济发展方式,在环境约束下走技术进步和技术效率改善的绿色全要素生产率增长之路。     

基于消费者低碳偏好的供应链碳减排策略

针对一个占主导地位的零售商和两个制造商(名牌产品和普通产品制造商)组成的二级供应链,考虑制造商之间的定价顺序和低碳偏好消费者对普通产品的接受度,分别构建普通产品制造商采用或不采用减排技术情景下的收益模型,得出各情景下最优零售价格和收益。研究发现:零售商选择销售哪种产品与顾客对普通产品的接受度有关;普通产品制造商的减排策略主要取决于减排成本。在相同减排策略下,若顾客对普通产品接受度较大,制造商同时定价时产品的最优零售价小于等于不同时定价时产品的最优零售价,而同时定价时制造商的最优收益大于等于不同时定价时的最优收益,因此两个制造商应同时定价以获得更大的收益。     

Validating the Sedentary Sphere method in children: Does wrist or accelerometer brand matter?

This study aimed to validate the Sedentary Sphere posture classification method from wrist-worn accelerometers in children. Twenty-seven 9–10-year-old children wore ActiGraph GT9X (AG) and GENEActiv (GA) accelerometers on both wrists, and activPAL on the thigh while completing prescribed activities: five sedentary activities, standing with a phone, walking (criterion for all 7: observation) and 10-min free-living play (criterion: activPAL). In an independent sample, 21 children wore AG and GA accelerometers on the non-dominant wrist and activPAL for two days of free-living. Per cent accuracy, pairwise 95% equivalence tests (±10% equivalence zone) and intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) analyses were completed. Accuracy was similar, for prescribed activities irrespective of brand (non-dominant wrist: 77–78%; dominant wrist: 79%). Posture estimates were equivalent between wrists within brand (±6%, ICC > 0.81, lower 95% CI ≥ 0.75), between brands worn on the same wrist (±5%, ICC ≥ 0.84, lower 95% CI ≥ 0.80) and between brands worn on opposing wrists (±6%, ICC ≥ 0.78, lower 95% CI ≥ 0.72). Agreement with activPAL during free-living was 77%, but sedentary time was underestimated by 7% (GA) and 10% (AG). The Sedentary Sphere can be used to classify posture from wrist-worn AG and GA accelerometers for group-level estimates in children, but future work is needed to improve the algorithm for better individual-level results.     

经济全球化与我国体育科技产业海外发展研究

国际政治与经济发展的种种变革促成了今天经济的全球化发展态势,在高度发达的互联网技术以及文化多元化的国际文化价值观的双重影响下,经济全球化已从一种“趋势”发展成为了今天的显示,这种新态势迫使各国都在开发市场的同时,努力输出自己的产业,提升自身在全球化中的影响力.我国体育科技发展水平在举国体制的支撑下迅速发展,如同我国竞技体育水平一样,在很多方面处于国际领先地位.以人才和软科学输出为先导,带动实体产品的输出,同时,加强国内和国际市场的统一开发与把握,是我国体育科技产业海外发展的可行之路.     

Bulgarian pirates: At the world's end

The present article compares the strategies of the legitimation of piracy developed by Western authors such as Richard Stallman and Larry Lessig with those developed by everyday Bulgarian pirates. It attempts to escape from the usual debate between the entertainment industries and the supporters of free culture, and to open the field for new perspectives. In Bulgaria it is precisely “free” as in “free beer” that matters, since the prices of cultural products tend to be too high for the Bulgarian market. In many cases, there is no possible legal access to the cultural products desired. The digital library “Chitanka” illustrates how piracy as bottom-up initiative compensates for the lack of successful public policies oriented towards visually impaired people and Bulgarian emigrants abroad. Although mobility and de-territorialisation have made piracy possible, it is perceived as a deeply national cause. The article emphasises that a difference should be made between open non-commercial projects as “Chitanka” and commercial torrent trackers, which thrive in the grey economy and abuse the symbolic capital of free culture. Piracy should be analysed at the intersections of global economic shifts and their local repercussions, of transnational culture flows and local culture infrastructure. Only this kind of an approach is likely to help us trace the unstable border between the cases in which digital piracy is a problem of the grey economy, and those in which it offers original non-market solutions to deeper structural problems.     

Made in China: the cultural logic of OEMs and the manufacture of low‐cost technology

Abstract

This paper investigates the conditions of the manufacture of low‐cost technology in China with the examples of ‘pirated’ VCD players, ‘no‐name’ DVD players, and Shenzhen’s development as a techno‐urban city. It emphasizes the significance of the cultural logic of original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and argues that the various transformations and deflections that are derived from ubiquitous OEM experiences have gone beyond the original model of an authorized OEM, experiences that are to some extent embodied in the transgression of brand name and patent hegemonies, which are mainly controlled by high technology companies. OEMs have been associated with China’s current imperative and uninhibited development of low‐cost technology capitalism. ‘Made in China’ signifies the production of any product, legal or illegal, for transnational high technology giants or domestic technology manufacturers. Learning to ‘become an OEM’ in China has partly resulted in excessive technological mimesis that may be part of an unauthorized, underground economy that is based on low‐cost technology. Based on the Shenzhen experience, part of this study will show industrial production‐oriented OEM cultures in which illegal operations and counterfeit trade are incorporated, even in city projects that are shared by municipal governments and Chinese technological companies, and undergo spatial restructuring in the development of the economy, consumerism, and urbanism.