生态文明建设主体因素分析——基于公共选择视角

公共选择理论使用分析经济活动的方法来分析政治过程为分析生态文明建设主体因素提供了新的视角。政府、企业、个人是生态文明的建设中最主要三个主体。文章以公共选择理论相关观点为理论支柱,认为在生态文明建设中,政府应充分发挥其主导作用,完善政府生态职能,避免"政府失灵";企业应提高生态文明意识,落实文明生态责任,履行生态文明义务;公众应提高主人翁意识,积极参与生态文明建设,避免"搭便车"行为。     

国外职业性向理论研究与学派探析

从职业内涵与职业性向的理解出发,简述了国外职业性向理论的研究状况,着重分析了帕森斯"人职匹配"理论、职业生涯发展阶段理论、霍兰德职业人格与环境类型适合理论、施恩"职业锚"发展理论、社会认知职业理论和职业系统理论框架等具有影响力的职业性向理论学派,旨在促进对这些理论成果的学习和借鉴。     

出租车尾气排放污染及控制的分析调研——以西宁市为例

法律经济学作为一门显学可作为各法律部门的分析工具,在环境法学的研究发展中,大量的经济分析方法进入其中,做出了重要的贡献。作为尾气污染控制的策略,法律经济学家已经提出三种解决方案。本文以调研区域西宁市为模型,基于分析出租车行业的特殊地位,立足于理性选择,对三种解决方案在模型中的利弊进行推测。最后在各种方案的优劣比较下大致指出在出租车尾气排放控制中可能采取的优选策略。     

西南地区农村家庭普通高中教育选择影响因素分析——基于四川省三台县的调查

本文以教育与经济发展理论为基础,通过对四川省三台县农村地区的家庭及其子女成员的数据资料的调查,对西南地区农村家庭普通高中教育选择的影响因素进行了分析和总结。     

The private problem with public service: rural teachers in educational markets

Staffing rural and remote schools is an important policy issue for the public good. This paper examines the private issues it also poses for teachers with families working in these communities, as they seek to reconcile careers with educational choices for children. The paper first considers historical responses to staffing rural and remote schools in Australia, and the emergence of neoliberal policy encouraging marketisation of the education sector. We report on interviews about considerations motivating household mobility with 11 teachers across regional, rural and remote communities in Queensland. Like other middle-class parents, these teachers prioritised their children's educational opportunities over career opportunities. The analysis demonstrates how teachers in rural and remote communities constitute a special group of educational consumers with insider knowledge and unique dilemmas around school choice. Their heightened anxieties around school choice under neoliberal policy are shown to contribute to the public issue of staffing rural and remote schools.     

Assessment innovation and student experience: a new assessment challenge and call for a multi-perspective approach to assessment research

The impact of innovative assessment on student experience in higher education is a neglected research topic. This represents an important gap in the literature-given debate around the marketisation of higher education, international focus on student satisfaction measurement tools and political calls to put students at the heart of higher education in the UK. This paper reports on qualitative findings from a research project examining the impact of assessment preferences and familiarity on student attainment and experience. It argues that innovation is defined by the student, shaped by diverse assessment experiences and preferences, and therefore its impact is difficult to predict. It proposes that future innovations must explore assessment choice mechanisms which allow students to shape their own assessments. Cultural change and staff development will be required to achieve this. To be accepted, assessment for student experience must be viewed as a complementary layer within a complex multi-perspective model of assessment, which also embraces assessment of learning, assessment for learning and assessment for lifelong learning. Further research is required to build a meta-theory of assessment to enhance the synergies between these alternative approaches and minimise the tensions between them.     

How Bourdieu bites back: recognising misrecognition in education and educational research

Having noted that some use of Bourdieusian concepts in educational research is superficial, this paper offers a view of the distinctiveness of Bourdieu’s concepts via the example of misrecognition, which is differentiated from the concept with the same name in Fraser’s work. An account is given of a recent research project on white middle-class identity and school choice, which suggests that whilst parents avoided a common misrecognition (regarding school quality), they were nevertheless reliant on other forms of misrecognition (regarding the qualities of their children) that are equally important in the relationship between social class and educational inequalities. Finally, the paper suggests that educational understandings, including some educational research, are predisposed to misrecognise Bourdieusian concepts, and four areas of tension are identified. The paper argues against ‘light usage’ of Bourdieu whilst acknowledging that the approach can produce a pessimistic account that is at odds with some educational values.     

释意理论视角下的国家领导人外交讲话中俗语和谚语的口译探究

以习近平主席为首的国家领导人讲话风格朴实,善用俗语和谚语等民间常用语表意和明理,拉近与听众的距离。外交讲话中,这种情况也很突出。该文从释意理论的角度入手,以习主席多次外交讲话为例,探究俗语和谚语的英译策略,并通过对语料进行量化分析,得出不同策略的运用情况,以图为俗谚语的口译提供有益启示。     

Residence-based priorities and school choice

Many countries use centralized school choice procedures to assign pupils to schools. To address excess demand for a particular school, ties are broken according to priority points granted based on various criteria, such as proximity to the school. Using a unique reform undertaken in Madrid (Spain), we estimate the impact of abolishing residence-based priorities on families’ school choices, the stated motivation for choosing a school, and the final school allocation. Utilizing several administrative datasets on school applications, we find that the reform increases families’ out-of-district school assignments and assignments to schools further away from their home address. Parents of immigrant children did not change their application behavior in the first years of the reform but caught up with natives three years after its implementation. Children generally accessed slightly better-performing schools, particularly those from lower-educated backgrounds.     

Attendance manipulation and efficiency in Chile’s school voucher system

To improve the quality of education, one can either directly reward performance or introduce school choice, private provision, and demand subsidies. The Chilean voucher scheme combines both approaches: an attendance-related subsidy favors school choice and creates incentives for schools to promote attendance throughout the year. With imperfect monitoring, however, institutions may respond by manipulating performance indicators. By analyzing audit data, we find evidence that a large fraction of Chilean schools – including public schools – over-report attendance, with a higher prevalence among for-profit and under-achieving institutions. Expenditure data suggest that manipulation among for-profit schools seems to follow rent extraction purposes rather than educational goals.