县级电大核心能力分析及战略选择

学校核心能力是指居于核心地位并能产生竞争优势的要素作用力。县级电大的核心能力包括:(1)市场和事业的开拓能力;(2)对消费者消费回报期望的贡献能力;(3)阻挡竞争者模仿的能力。县级电大需要培育与发展的核心能力包括:(1)教学资源整体优势;(2)校园文化建设;(3)多元化非学历教育——社区教育。依据战略选择SWOT(Strength优势、Weakness劣势、Opportunity机会、Threat威胁)分析方法,县级电大的战略选择可分为成长型战略、先稳定型而后转向成长型战略、紧缩型战略及多元化战略。     

浅谈实现社会主义荣辱观教育的路径选择和制度安排

树立社会主义荣辱观是建设社会主义和谐社会的重要举措。确立社会主义荣辱观教育的路径是多元的,在荣辱观教育的问题上要强调“先难后易”这一路径,以成年人教育为突破口,最后落脚在青少年教育上。而要在全社会树立“八荣八耻”的社会主义荣辱观,应在思想教育和制度建设两个方面并举,在一定程度上实行社会公德法制化。     

智库对美国外交决策的影响方式及原因探究

20世纪末,在美国国内国际事务日益复杂的大背景下,智库蓬勃发展并且在美国外交决策中担任重要角色。这些智库在具有传统智库特征的同时,也有着自身明显的特色,按职能标准将美国智库分为学术智库、游说智库和合同智库三种。由于美国政府决策的各阶段、各层次决策主体特点的不同,智库有针对性地采取诸如组建专业总统竞选团队、"旋转门"效应、利用大众传媒引导和教育公众、利用人脉和专有渠道举行学术会议、发布会以及午餐会、出版刊物、发布报告提供外交思想和政策建议等方式施加影响。智库对美国外交决策施加多种影响是由美国政治制度、政治传统及智库本身特点决定的。美国智库近年来出现了在数量上不断增加、研究议题多样化、工作网络日益国际化及与政府政策联系日益紧密的趋势,这些趋势使得智库研究外交政策的范围更加广泛。可以预见,美国智库在外交决策研究中的重要性和影响力将在今后进一步增强。     

体医融合发展：财税激励模式与中国现实选择

在健康中国和全民健身国家战略背景下,为研究体医融合发展的财税激励模式及其激励作用,运用理论分析、文献分析、比较分析等方法对政府财税宏观调控政策促进体医融合发展进行研究,对国外体医融合财税激励模式及其政策经验进行具体比较。研究表明,一方面,政府财税宏观政策与体医融合服务具有紧密的关联度。另一方面,在体医融合进程中,中国应积极借鉴国外体医融合财税激励模式的国际经验,立足中国体医融合的现实国情,取长补短,为我所用。构建政府主导推进,市场供给为主,政府与企业协同合作的体医融合财税激励模式,走出具有中国特色和符合中国国情的体医融合可持续高质量发展之路。     

大学生专业选择意愿与选择行为的调查研究——基于工商管理大类招生模式

依据对河北北方学院经济管理学院2010级工商管理类学生的问卷调查资料,对工商管理大类专业分流过程中学生的选择意愿和选择行为进行了分析,认为学生整体的专业选择意愿短期内具有一定的动态性,影响因素也有变化;选择行为可以分为理性选择和非理性选择,主动选择和被动选择;最后就大类招生模式提出应明确培养目标、完善专业分流方式、科学引导等建议。     

Exploration of direct and indirect associations of system-level policy-amenable variables with reading literacy performance

As expectations of the economic impact of educational attainment are soaring (Hanushek & Woessmann, 2009 Hanushek E. A., & Woessmann, L. (2009). Do better schools lead to more growth? Cognitive skills, economic outcomes, and causation (NBER Working Paper, No. 14633). Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]) and conjectures about successful national educational reforms (Mourshed, Chijioke, & Barber, 2010 Mourshed, M., Chijioke, C., & Barber, M. (2010). How the world's most improved school systems keep getting better. Retrieved from http://www.mckinsey.com/client_service/social_sector/latest_thinking/worlds_most_improved_schools[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]) are welcomed by educational policy-makers in many countries, a careful assessment of the empirical evidence for these kinds of claims is needed. In this article, we present a methodology that was applied to an international data set. A multi-level model of education was used to present a hypothetical scenario, indicated as the “implementation scenario”. The scenario was tested on the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2009 data set by means of multi-level structural equation modelling. Although we find some evidence for direct effects and some support for straightforward implementation, the overall impact of malleable conditions at the system and school level appears disappointingly small. A theoretical strand of literature that would account for “limited malleability” is referred to in discussing these results.     

Why choose teaching? An international review of empirical studies exploring student teachers’ career motivations and levels of commitment to teaching

Why do individuals all over the world choose to become school teachers? What motivates them to become educators of young people, and how committed are they to this cause when they enter their teacher education courses? Considering that teacher motivation and commitment have been identified as crucial factors for the future success of education and schools (Huberman, 1993 Huberman, M. (1993). The lives of teachers (J. Neufeld, Trans.). London: Cassell Villiers House. [Google Scholar]; Manning & Patterson, 2005 Manning, M., & Patterson, J. (2005). Special publications. Childhood Education, 81, 249–251. doi: 10.1080/00094056.2005.10522284[Taylor & Francis Online] , [Google Scholar]; Rikard, 1999 Rikard, G. L. (1999). Promoting teacher commitment in pre-service teachers. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 70(9), 53–56. doi: 10.1080/07303084.1999.10605969[Taylor & Francis Online] , [Google Scholar]), these are important questions for policy makers and societies to address. This paper provides a systematic and conceptual review of empirical research studies exploring student teachers’ career motivations and commitment in 23 countries from 5 continents. A variety of motivating factors are explored, their relative importance in student teachers’ career decisions is discussed, and differences between various subgroups and cultural contexts are highlighted. Attention is drawn to methodological limitations as well as recent developments in this important area of research.     

Students' choice of college major and their perceived fairness of the procedure: evidence from Turkey

This study investigated the relative influence of factors and persons in college major choice and procedural justice perceptions of 449 undergraduate students enrolled in 1 private and 2 public universities in Turkey. Results showed that students found themselves to be the most influential person in their choice of college major, followed by parents/other family members. With regard to the factors, interest in the subject, guaranteed employment, expected earnings in the field, the university entrance exam score, and a prestigious career were ranked, respectively. Striking differences were found among majors. Findings also suggested that, whereas male and female students' choices were influenced by very similar factors and persons, female students declared more procedural justice.     

Book Reviews

Abstract

This article reports on the distribution of the use of graphic calculators over the whole secondary school population in a Local Education Authority (LEA) in the United Kingdom. Quantitative and qualitative census data on the extent and nature of graphic calculator use have been obtained. A feature of this project is in the use of a teacher research team to gather data naturalistically. This work was designed to augment previous work in this area by providing census details for an entire LEA and by including reasons why graphic calculators are not used. The authors found that the key factors which contributed to use were: expertise within mathematics departments; regard for graphic calculators as learning aides from mathematics staff and as information and communication technology from senior staff; a ‘critical mass’ of older/higher attaining students. Key factors which inhibited use of graphic calculators were: lack of time to learn how to use the calculator and how to teach with it; concern over recent examination restrictions; perceptions of computers being a resource priority     

不同社会情境下的语言选择及其影响因素——以普通话和张掖方言为例

本研究调查了不同社会情境下张掖籍大学生对于普通话和张掖方言的使用状况和影响语言选择的因素。结果发现,普通话作为强势语占据了公共生活的主要部分;然而方言的使用并没有消退,普通话和张掖方言同时存在于生活的各个领域。只是人们会在不同的情景下使用不同的语言。一些社会心理因素如:对话发生的地点和场合、说话者之间的心理距离、语言顺应等会对语言选择产生重要影响。