“健康胜任教学”——英国残疾人申请教师资格的政策和实践及启示

英国的＂健康胜任教学＂政策是在反歧视法律的完善和教师供给危机的压力下建立起来的。政策规定了胜任教学能力的评估标准和残疾人申请教师资格的程序,同时也明确了教师培训机构和医疗评估人员的职责。＂健康胜任教学＂政策的实施虽然取得了一些成效,但也存在多方面的问题和挑战。     

Special educational needs and disability

Issues relating to the categorisation and labelling of pupils, and, the use of the terms 'special educational needs' and 'disability' in particular, have been the topic of debate in BJSE before. In this article, Sue Keil, a research officer at the Royal National Institute for the Blind (RNIB), Olga Miller, of the Institute of Education, University of London, and Rory Cobb, a development officer at the RNIB, summarise some of the key findings from a review carried out on behalf of the Disability Rights Commission (DRC). The authors highlight confusion over the use of terms that represent differing ideological perspectives. Despite the social focus that characterises much of the discourse about disability, disability is frequently regarded as an aspect of special educational needs, an area in which a medical model is often dominant. These confusions benefit neither children with disabilities nor those with less clearly-defined difficulties. Sue Keil, Olga Miller and Rory Cobb note with interest recent developments in Scotland where a new framework based on the concept of 'additional support needs' separates disability from educational need and is intended to represent a more inclusive approach to children's learning.     

非政府组织救助农村残疾人的现状与对策——以陕西省某县为例

当前我国的大部分残疾人生活在农村,农村残疾人是社会弱势群体中的绝对弱势群体,他们面临着许多依靠自身无法解决的问题,因此迫切需要政府及整个社会的救助。发展非政府组织参与农村残疾人社会救助,把非政府组织的救助作为政府救助的重要补充,可以提高农村残疾人的救助效率。结合2006年第二次全国残疾人调查和近年残联对残疾人事业发展的相关统计数据,在实际调研的基础上,客观分析当前我国非政府组织参与农村残疾人救助的实际状况,并对如何提高非政府组织参与农村残疾人救助提出了相应对策。     

A Resource Center for Developmental Disabilities

ABSTRACT

The Missouri Developmental Disabilities Resource Center (MDDRC) is an information and referral service located within the Institute for Human Development (IHD) at the University of Missouri-Kansas City. Through its varied informational services, including its website, the Missouri Developmental Disabilities Resource Center is helping to support the independence, productivity, integration and community inclusion of individuals with developmental disabilities and their families.     

Mainstreaming Information Literacy Skills Into a Social Enterprise Environment

The need for the integration of information literacy (IL) into the world of social enterprise (organizations that apply market-based strategies to achieve a social purpose) is critical for like organizations providing workforce development services to disabled populations. The skill set associated with IL is vital to the success of this population to achieve economic self sufficiency. Disability Program Navigators trained in information sciences and placed into community-based One Stop Career Centers can serve as the gatekeepers for, and trainers on, the multiple resources available to support this goal. This article examines an exciting new program model that charts the course for expanding collaborative IL and social enterprise pilots nationwide.     

高职院校基层党组织服务残障学生的研究

通过深入了解高职院校残障弱势学生的实际困难和存在问题,充分发挥高职院校基层党组织战斗堡垒的作用,探索出思想引导、经济资助、心理疏导、环境净化、就业保障等五个服务残障弱势学生的措施体系,以期通过这些措施的实施,能真正有效地改善残障弱势学生的实际困难,为其创建一个健康、阳光的未来。     

非言语学习困难青少年空间和非空间关系推理策略分析

目的:探讨非言语学习困难青少年二维空间和非空间关系推理策略。方法:从初中二年级选取三组被试:非言语学习困难组(简称NLD)、言语学习困难组(简称VLD)和一般组(简称C)。结果:(1)NLD组空间关系推理成绩显著低于一般组;(2)在空间关系推理中,两类单模题推理成绩显著高于双模题。在非空间关系推理中,有无关前提的题推理成绩显著高于没有无关前提的题;(3)一般组正确运用模型建构策略显著高于NLD和VLD组。结论:NLD青少年通过建构模型解决空间关系推理,但不能有效运用该策略,非空间关系推理则采用逻辑规则策略。     

Training Staff to Measure the Engagement of Children with Disabilities in Inclusive Childcare Centres

Practitioner use of the revised Individual Child Engagement Record – Revised (ICER‐R) for observing children with disabilities in inclusive childcare is examined. Training in the use of the ICER‐R, which includes both a momentary time sampling observation system and rating scales, was provided across two training phases with five to seven participants. Four of the five participants who completed both phases of the training achieved greater than 80% inter‐observer agreement on the observation measure within the allocated time, and were able to maintain this level of agreement over subsequent observation sessions. There was consistency in ratings across observers and positive, statistically significant correlations were found for data gathered using momentary time sampling and data from rating scales. The practical value of the ICER‐R was supported by feedback provided through evaluation questionnaires completed by participants. Training childcare practitioners to systematically observe children with disabilities in inclusive childcare has the potential to benefit both children and staff.     

Reference, or advisory, groups involving disabled people: reflections from three contrasting research projects

Increasingly in recent years, the involvement of disabled people as co-researchers has been regarded as 'good practice'. This has been informed by growing participatory and emancipatory research paradigms as well as user-focused policy imperatives. The benefits of these shifts apply to the research itself (improved definition, direction, applicability and impact), to non-disabled researchers (personal growth and enhanced understanding of the reflexive research process), to people with disabilities involved as researchers or collaborators (personal growth and enhanced opportunities), and (if externally funded) to the funder whose ways of operating are likely to be challenged profoundly. In this paper, Ann Lewis, Sarah Parsons and Christopher Robertson (based at the University of Birmingham), Anthony Feiler, Beth Tarleton and Debby Watson (based at the University of Bristol) and Richard Byers, Jill Davies, Ann Fergusson and Claire Marvin (based at the University of Cambridge) discuss the work of three independent research teams carrying out concurrent projects. The authors share their experiences of trying to take seriously the participation of disabled people in research. All three projects were informed, to a significant degree, by their respective reference groups of disabled people. The work of these groups in each of the three projects is outlined and then discussed in relation to five common themes: formal contracts with members of reference groups; considerations concerning drawing on an established reference group; planning for reference group involvement; style of reference group involvement; and building on good practice.